LATEST 2025 MATERIAL SCIENCE EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH 100% VERIFIED ANSWERS
_______ are generally inorganic nonmetal materials that do not conduct heat
well and must be heated to very high temperatures before melting. They are
very strong and hard but also very brittle - ANSWER Ceramics
_____________ have good electrical and thermal conductivities, relatively high
strength , high stiffness, ductility or formability and shock resistance. These
materials are particularly useful for structural or load-bearing applications -
ANSWER Metals and Alloys
_________ are typically organic materials. They are usually good electrical and
thermal insulators and generally have very good strength to weight ratios. They
are generally not suitable for high temperature applications - ANSWER
Polymers
Artificial organs, bone replacement parts, cardiovascular stents, orthodontic
braces and other components are made using different plastics, titanium alloys,
and nonmagnetic stainless steels - ANSWER True
Changes in temperature dramatically alter the properties of materials -
ANSWER True
If we load and unload low weight materials thousands of times, small
_____________ will most likely begin to develop - ANSWER Cracks
Metals which have been subject to significant corrosion will eventually
_________ when a load is applied - ANSWER Fail
A number of factors are taken into account when an engineer chooses a material
to use is a project. These factors can include but are not limited to: costs,
weight, conductivity - ANSWER True
,An engineer is designing a plane. There is a choice of aluminum or a composite
material. The composite weighs half that of aluminum. Choosing the composite
will not affect fuel costs. - ANSWER False
Density is the ratio of ___________ - ANSWER Weight/Volume
What is the atomic number of an atom? - ANSWER The number of protons
per atom
Avogadros number is equal to___________ - ANSWER 6.022*10^23
What is the maximum number of electrons with opposing electronic spins
allowed per orbital - ANSWER 2
What is the electron structure for silicon? - ANSWER 1s2,2s2,2p6,3s2,3p2
The Aufbau Principle is a device that helps determine deviations from expected
ordering of the energy levels - ANSWER True
The valence of an atom is the number of electrons in an atom that do not
participate in bonding in chemical reactions - ANSWER False
As we move down column 1A of the Periodic Table, chemical reactivity
decreases - ANSWER False
Metallic, covalent, and ionic bonds are known as _____________ - ANSWER
Primary bonds
Bonds that are formed by the sharing of valence electrons among two or more
atoms are - ANSWER covalent bonds
Which of the following is not an example of van der Waals interactions? -
ANSWER Stambuli
Heating water to the boiling point breaks the van der Waals bonds and changes
water to steam, but breaking covalent bonds requires much lower temperatures -
ANSWER False
, Compounds can be formed from two or more metals. When the difference in
electronegativity between the metals is very large, these compounds may be
bonded by a mixture of metallic and ______________ bonds - ANSWER ionic
Materials with high bonding energy also have _________________ strength
and ___________ melting temperatures - ANSWER high, high
Pure carbon exists as several allotropes. The term allotrope refers to
____________________ - ANSWER Different arrangement of carbon atoms
Most metals, semiconductors and ceramics have a crystalline structure in which
the atoms or ions display short range order - ANSWER False
A lattice is a collection of points named _____________, which are arranged in
a periodic pattern so that the surroundings of each point in the lattice are
identical - ANSWER lattice points
Select the option below that includes the names for all three cubic crystal
Bravais lattices - ANSWER simple cubic, face-centered cubic, body-centered
cubic
The lattice and bases concept and the unit cell concept both rely on the
principles of _______________ - ANSWER Crystallography
The ______________ is the number of atoms touching a particular atom, or the
number of nearest neighbors for that particular atom. - ANSWER coordination
number
Which of the following is not a crystal system for Bravais lattices - ANSWER
Decagonal
What is the relationship between a miller index value and its negative value -
ANSWER The vectors represent the same line, but point in opposite directions
The direction of a Miller index and its multiple are the same - ANSWER True
A material is ____________ if its properties depend on the crystallographic
direction along which the property is measured. If the properties are identical in
QUESTIONS WITH 100% VERIFIED ANSWERS
_______ are generally inorganic nonmetal materials that do not conduct heat
well and must be heated to very high temperatures before melting. They are
very strong and hard but also very brittle - ANSWER Ceramics
_____________ have good electrical and thermal conductivities, relatively high
strength , high stiffness, ductility or formability and shock resistance. These
materials are particularly useful for structural or load-bearing applications -
ANSWER Metals and Alloys
_________ are typically organic materials. They are usually good electrical and
thermal insulators and generally have very good strength to weight ratios. They
are generally not suitable for high temperature applications - ANSWER
Polymers
Artificial organs, bone replacement parts, cardiovascular stents, orthodontic
braces and other components are made using different plastics, titanium alloys,
and nonmagnetic stainless steels - ANSWER True
Changes in temperature dramatically alter the properties of materials -
ANSWER True
If we load and unload low weight materials thousands of times, small
_____________ will most likely begin to develop - ANSWER Cracks
Metals which have been subject to significant corrosion will eventually
_________ when a load is applied - ANSWER Fail
A number of factors are taken into account when an engineer chooses a material
to use is a project. These factors can include but are not limited to: costs,
weight, conductivity - ANSWER True
,An engineer is designing a plane. There is a choice of aluminum or a composite
material. The composite weighs half that of aluminum. Choosing the composite
will not affect fuel costs. - ANSWER False
Density is the ratio of ___________ - ANSWER Weight/Volume
What is the atomic number of an atom? - ANSWER The number of protons
per atom
Avogadros number is equal to___________ - ANSWER 6.022*10^23
What is the maximum number of electrons with opposing electronic spins
allowed per orbital - ANSWER 2
What is the electron structure for silicon? - ANSWER 1s2,2s2,2p6,3s2,3p2
The Aufbau Principle is a device that helps determine deviations from expected
ordering of the energy levels - ANSWER True
The valence of an atom is the number of electrons in an atom that do not
participate in bonding in chemical reactions - ANSWER False
As we move down column 1A of the Periodic Table, chemical reactivity
decreases - ANSWER False
Metallic, covalent, and ionic bonds are known as _____________ - ANSWER
Primary bonds
Bonds that are formed by the sharing of valence electrons among two or more
atoms are - ANSWER covalent bonds
Which of the following is not an example of van der Waals interactions? -
ANSWER Stambuli
Heating water to the boiling point breaks the van der Waals bonds and changes
water to steam, but breaking covalent bonds requires much lower temperatures -
ANSWER False
, Compounds can be formed from two or more metals. When the difference in
electronegativity between the metals is very large, these compounds may be
bonded by a mixture of metallic and ______________ bonds - ANSWER ionic
Materials with high bonding energy also have _________________ strength
and ___________ melting temperatures - ANSWER high, high
Pure carbon exists as several allotropes. The term allotrope refers to
____________________ - ANSWER Different arrangement of carbon atoms
Most metals, semiconductors and ceramics have a crystalline structure in which
the atoms or ions display short range order - ANSWER False
A lattice is a collection of points named _____________, which are arranged in
a periodic pattern so that the surroundings of each point in the lattice are
identical - ANSWER lattice points
Select the option below that includes the names for all three cubic crystal
Bravais lattices - ANSWER simple cubic, face-centered cubic, body-centered
cubic
The lattice and bases concept and the unit cell concept both rely on the
principles of _______________ - ANSWER Crystallography
The ______________ is the number of atoms touching a particular atom, or the
number of nearest neighbors for that particular atom. - ANSWER coordination
number
Which of the following is not a crystal system for Bravais lattices - ANSWER
Decagonal
What is the relationship between a miller index value and its negative value -
ANSWER The vectors represent the same line, but point in opposite directions
The direction of a Miller index and its multiple are the same - ANSWER True
A material is ____________ if its properties depend on the crystallographic
direction along which the property is measured. If the properties are identical in
