NURS 5333 GI Study Guide + Questions with
Accurate Solutions
gastroenteritis
acute diarrhea and/or vomiting lasting less than 14 days, likely due to viral etiology
severe illness can include fever, severe dehydration, abdominal pain and bloody stools
likely due to bacterial illness. Parasites can produced prolonged diarrheal illness
Spread is by fecal-oral route usually by food or water contamination or person to person
contact
Rotavirus (pts < 1 yr)
Norovirus
enteric adenovirus
astrovirus
Most common pathogens in gastroenteritis?
Campylobacter jejuni
Most common pathogen in children?
Salmonella
Most common foodborne illness in US?
Giardia Lamblia
Most common parasitic infection?
exposure to infected person
infants less than 6 months
children in daycare(high incidence of giardia & shigella)
poor nutritional status
,frailty
travel
antibiotic use within last 3 months
recent hospitalization
immunocrompromised pts
pts with cormobidities
pregnancy
proton pump inhibitor use
What are some risk factors for gastroenteritis?
Blood in stool
weight loss
severe abdominal pain
(require further investigation & imaging)
Red flags to look for in pts with gastroenteritis?
hyperactive bowel sounds
complaints of anorexia
fever
tenesmus(cramping rectal pain & urge to defacate)
fecal incontinence(if they have C. Diff)
acute diarrhea(3 or more loose stools within 24 hrs < 2 was)
n/v that proceeds to diarrhea & abdominal cramps
guarding when you palpate abdomen
signs of dehydration
Signs & Symptoms of Gastroenteritis?
, poor skin turgor
tachycardia
dry mucus membranes
flattened or sunken fontanels
tachypnea
hypotension
ams
headache
oliguria
lethargy
pain skin color
How do you assess level of dehydration in pts with gastroenteritis?
anterior fontanel markedly sunken
eyes markedly sunken
skin cool and mottled
tenting
tachycardia & weak pulse
little or no urine output
lethargy
How do assess severe dehydration in pediatric pts?
anterior fontanel would be sunken but not markedly sunken
eyes sunken
skin cool but not mottled
skin turgor reduced but not tenting
tachycardia, pulse not weak
Accurate Solutions
gastroenteritis
acute diarrhea and/or vomiting lasting less than 14 days, likely due to viral etiology
severe illness can include fever, severe dehydration, abdominal pain and bloody stools
likely due to bacterial illness. Parasites can produced prolonged diarrheal illness
Spread is by fecal-oral route usually by food or water contamination or person to person
contact
Rotavirus (pts < 1 yr)
Norovirus
enteric adenovirus
astrovirus
Most common pathogens in gastroenteritis?
Campylobacter jejuni
Most common pathogen in children?
Salmonella
Most common foodborne illness in US?
Giardia Lamblia
Most common parasitic infection?
exposure to infected person
infants less than 6 months
children in daycare(high incidence of giardia & shigella)
poor nutritional status
,frailty
travel
antibiotic use within last 3 months
recent hospitalization
immunocrompromised pts
pts with cormobidities
pregnancy
proton pump inhibitor use
What are some risk factors for gastroenteritis?
Blood in stool
weight loss
severe abdominal pain
(require further investigation & imaging)
Red flags to look for in pts with gastroenteritis?
hyperactive bowel sounds
complaints of anorexia
fever
tenesmus(cramping rectal pain & urge to defacate)
fecal incontinence(if they have C. Diff)
acute diarrhea(3 or more loose stools within 24 hrs < 2 was)
n/v that proceeds to diarrhea & abdominal cramps
guarding when you palpate abdomen
signs of dehydration
Signs & Symptoms of Gastroenteritis?
, poor skin turgor
tachycardia
dry mucus membranes
flattened or sunken fontanels
tachypnea
hypotension
ams
headache
oliguria
lethargy
pain skin color
How do you assess level of dehydration in pts with gastroenteritis?
anterior fontanel markedly sunken
eyes markedly sunken
skin cool and mottled
tenting
tachycardia & weak pulse
little or no urine output
lethargy
How do assess severe dehydration in pediatric pts?
anterior fontanel would be sunken but not markedly sunken
eyes sunken
skin cool but not mottled
skin turgor reduced but not tenting
tachycardia, pulse not weak
