Ortho NCLEX Questions Exam test with 100% Verified Answers Graded A+
1. A retired 66- year- old female A. Low bone mass leading to increased
patient is being evaluated for bone fragility
osteoporosis as part of a year- '
ly physical exam. The patient
states that she is a smoker, Low bone mass, structural deterioration of
watches television for most of bone tissue leading to bone fragility, and in-
the day, and has been hos- creased susceptibility to fractures are seen
pitalized twice with fractures with osteoporosis. The patient also has risk
within the last year. Based factors associated with osteoporosis: smok-
on this information, the nurse ing, sedentary lifestyle, and being female
suspects which condition? and menopausal. Degenerative changes
are associated with frequent exacerbations
A. Low bone mass leading to of arthritis. There is no indication of person-
increased bone fragility ality change in this patient.
B.Degeneration of the articu-
lar cartilage
C. Recurrent attacks of acute
arthritis
D. Personality changes caused
by chronic nature of illness
2. The nurse determines that a Answer C is correct. Women of menopausal
55- year-old female patient is age are at risk for osteoporosis, and foods
experiencing menopause and high in calcium should be encouraged.
is also at risk for osteoporo- A diet with green vegetables, sardines,
sis. What foods other than milk salmon with bone, and molasses provides
can the nurse suggest to this high- quality calcium and is recommended
patient to increase calcium in- for a patient experiencing menopause in or-
take? der to decrease the risk of osteoporosis. A
A. Seafood, wheat, corn, green diet with seafood, wheat, corn, and green
vegetables vegetables is more concentrated in carbo-
B. Chicken vegetables, green hydrates than proteins containing more cal-
vegetables, pasta, broccoli cium. A diet with chicken, green vegetables,
C. Green vegetables, sardines, sardines, and broccoli contains some calci-
salmon with bone, molasses um but is lower than the other option. Foods
D. Fresh fruits, English such as fresh fruits, English muffins, black
muffins, black beans, aspara- beans, and asparagus are inadequate in
gus calcium.
, Ortho NCLEX Questions Exam test with 100% Verified Answers Graded A+
3. A patient with osteoporosis Answer A is correct. An 8-ounce glass of
has been advised to increase milk contains 290mg of calcium. Answers B,
the amount of calcium in her C, and D contain lesser amounts; therefore,
diet. Which food provides the they are incorrect. (Note: An ounce of ched-
most calcium? dar cheese contains 205 mg of calcium; half
An 8- oz glass of milk a cup of raw broccoli contains 175mg of
An ounce of cheddar cheese calcium; and 4 ounces of salmon croquette
A half cup of raw broccoli contains 165 mg of calcium).
A 4- ounce salmon croquette
4. Which of the following instruc- Rationale: Answer D is correct. Many peo-
tions should be included for ple prefer to supplement their calcium in-
the patient taking calcium sup- take with calcium- based antacids. If calci-
plements? um supplements are used, they should be
A. The patient should take her administered 30 minutes before meals to
calcium with meals maximize absorption, so answer A is wrong.
B. The patient should take all Calcium absorption is better if it is adminis-
her daily calcium supplements tered throughout the day rather than in a sin-
at one time gle dose, making answer B wrong. Calcium
C. The patient should take supplements do not cause stomach upset,
her calcium supplement after so answer C is wrong.
meals to prevent stomach up-
set
D. The patient can use calci-
um- based antacids for sup-
plement.
5. Alendronate (Fosamax) is or- Alendronate (Fosamax), a bisphosphonate,
dered for a patient with os- is a potent inhibitor of bone resorption that
teoporosis. Which information preserves bone mass and increases bone
should the nurse teach the pa- density. Raloxifene (Evista) is an example
tient about the medication? of a selective estrogen receptor modulator
A. Acts as a selective estrogen that is used to treat osteoporosis, and which
receptor modulator also reduces the risk of invasive breast can-
B. Reduces risk of invasive cer. Calcitonin (Miacalcin) is dispensed as a
breast cancer nasal spray.
C. May be obtained as a nasal
spray
D. Inhibits bone resorption
1. A retired 66- year- old female A. Low bone mass leading to increased
patient is being evaluated for bone fragility
osteoporosis as part of a year- '
ly physical exam. The patient
states that she is a smoker, Low bone mass, structural deterioration of
watches television for most of bone tissue leading to bone fragility, and in-
the day, and has been hos- creased susceptibility to fractures are seen
pitalized twice with fractures with osteoporosis. The patient also has risk
within the last year. Based factors associated with osteoporosis: smok-
on this information, the nurse ing, sedentary lifestyle, and being female
suspects which condition? and menopausal. Degenerative changes
are associated with frequent exacerbations
A. Low bone mass leading to of arthritis. There is no indication of person-
increased bone fragility ality change in this patient.
B.Degeneration of the articu-
lar cartilage
C. Recurrent attacks of acute
arthritis
D. Personality changes caused
by chronic nature of illness
2. The nurse determines that a Answer C is correct. Women of menopausal
55- year-old female patient is age are at risk for osteoporosis, and foods
experiencing menopause and high in calcium should be encouraged.
is also at risk for osteoporo- A diet with green vegetables, sardines,
sis. What foods other than milk salmon with bone, and molasses provides
can the nurse suggest to this high- quality calcium and is recommended
patient to increase calcium in- for a patient experiencing menopause in or-
take? der to decrease the risk of osteoporosis. A
A. Seafood, wheat, corn, green diet with seafood, wheat, corn, and green
vegetables vegetables is more concentrated in carbo-
B. Chicken vegetables, green hydrates than proteins containing more cal-
vegetables, pasta, broccoli cium. A diet with chicken, green vegetables,
C. Green vegetables, sardines, sardines, and broccoli contains some calci-
salmon with bone, molasses um but is lower than the other option. Foods
D. Fresh fruits, English such as fresh fruits, English muffins, black
muffins, black beans, aspara- beans, and asparagus are inadequate in
gus calcium.
, Ortho NCLEX Questions Exam test with 100% Verified Answers Graded A+
3. A patient with osteoporosis Answer A is correct. An 8-ounce glass of
has been advised to increase milk contains 290mg of calcium. Answers B,
the amount of calcium in her C, and D contain lesser amounts; therefore,
diet. Which food provides the they are incorrect. (Note: An ounce of ched-
most calcium? dar cheese contains 205 mg of calcium; half
An 8- oz glass of milk a cup of raw broccoli contains 175mg of
An ounce of cheddar cheese calcium; and 4 ounces of salmon croquette
A half cup of raw broccoli contains 165 mg of calcium).
A 4- ounce salmon croquette
4. Which of the following instruc- Rationale: Answer D is correct. Many peo-
tions should be included for ple prefer to supplement their calcium in-
the patient taking calcium sup- take with calcium- based antacids. If calci-
plements? um supplements are used, they should be
A. The patient should take her administered 30 minutes before meals to
calcium with meals maximize absorption, so answer A is wrong.
B. The patient should take all Calcium absorption is better if it is adminis-
her daily calcium supplements tered throughout the day rather than in a sin-
at one time gle dose, making answer B wrong. Calcium
C. The patient should take supplements do not cause stomach upset,
her calcium supplement after so answer C is wrong.
meals to prevent stomach up-
set
D. The patient can use calci-
um- based antacids for sup-
plement.
5. Alendronate (Fosamax) is or- Alendronate (Fosamax), a bisphosphonate,
dered for a patient with os- is a potent inhibitor of bone resorption that
teoporosis. Which information preserves bone mass and increases bone
should the nurse teach the pa- density. Raloxifene (Evista) is an example
tient about the medication? of a selective estrogen receptor modulator
A. Acts as a selective estrogen that is used to treat osteoporosis, and which
receptor modulator also reduces the risk of invasive breast can-
B. Reduces risk of invasive cer. Calcitonin (Miacalcin) is dispensed as a
breast cancer nasal spray.
C. May be obtained as a nasal
spray
D. Inhibits bone resorption
