BIO 669 EXAM 1 EC QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS (GRADED A)
Hypotension, tachycardia and low urine output are signs of - ANSWER-hypovolemia
7.36 ph, high CO2 and high bicarbonate indicates - ANSWER-fully compensated
respiratory acidosis
If water consists of 60% of TBW. Choose and assign corresponding percentages (40,
5,15 and 20).
ICF =
ECF=
Interstitial =
Intravascular = - ANSWER-ICF=40; ECF=20; Interstitial = 15 and Intravascular = 5
Adaptive Immunity is programmed to respond to damage to the body whether the
damaged tissue is septic or sterile - ANSWER-False .
Adaptive (Acquired) Immunity is the third line of defense in human body also called the
immune response or immunity. Whereas the Innate Immune system is programmed to
respond to damage to the body whether the damaged tissue is septic or sterile.
1. A patient in the Medical ICU has +3 pitting edema in the extremities, jaundice, icterus,
and a grossly distended abdomen. Labs show that his albumin levels are 1.2. Which
option below describe the process behind the ascites and pitting edema ?
A. Decreased hydrostatic pressure
B. Decreased capillary oncotic pressure
C. Increased Interstitial hydrostatic pressure
D. Decreased interstitial oncotic pressure - ANSWER-B- decreased capillary oncotic
pressure
Which of the following is NOT a non volatile acid in the body?
A. Lactic acid
B. Phosphoric acid
C. Hydroxybutyric acid
D. Carbonic acid - ANSWER-D- carbonic acid
In one of the major acid/base buffering systems; the lungs will decrease __________
_________ by blowing off carbon dioxide and leaving water and the kidneys will
regulate the levels of __________ to maintain a safe pH. - ANSWER-Carbonic
acid/bicarbonate
,A patient presents to your office you find; dysthymia, fatigue, decrease bowel sounds,
thirst, and weakness. What potassium imbalance is this? - ANSWER-Hypokalemia
Hyponatremia usually causes the movement of _________into ____ - ANSWER-
Answer: water, cells
Causes of hypernatremia, include:
A excessive free water intake.
B inappropriate administration of hypertonic saline solution.
C over secretion of the hormone aldosterone.
D Cushing syndrome.
E ingesting large amounts of dietary sodium. - ANSWER-Answer: B, C, D
(some Causes of Hypernatremia)
B inappropriate administration of hypertonic saline solution.
C over secretion of the hormone aldosterone.
D Cushing syndrome.
Early changes of___________ includes tall __________ - ANSWER-Hyperkalemia,
peaked T waves
A _______ is caused by an excess protein that is found in the skin during healing. -
ANSWER-Keloid
Your pt has an ST depression as a well as an inverted T-wave, and prominent U wave
on EKG monitoring. What lab value is likely responsible?
a.) Magnesium 2.2
b.) Phosphorous 2.0
c.) Potassium 2.2
d.) Potassium 5.6 - ANSWER-c.) Potassium 2.2
What is an electrolyte?
a.) A substance that is responsible for controlling appetite and mood.
b.) A hormone that is responsible for feelings of alertness throughout the day.
c.) A mineral that has an electric charge, found dissolved in bodies of water
d.) All of the above - ANSWER-c.) A mineral that has an electric charge, found
dissolved in bodies of water
Alzheimer's disease is the result of a decrease in which neurotransmitter
A. Dopamine
B. Acetylcholine
C. Norepinephrine
,D. Serotonin - ANSWER-B. Acetylcholine
An excessive amount of this electrolyte can contribute to decreased urine formation, the
formation of SIADH, weakness, muscle twitching and cerebral edema
A. Potassium
B. Calcium
C. Water
D. Sodium - ANSWER-D. Sodium
All of these are causes of edema except:
A: Increase in capillary hydrostatic pressure
B: Decreased in plasma oncotic pressure
C: Increased in capillary permeability
D: Decrease in hydrostatic pressure - ANSWER-D: Decrease in hydrostatic pressure
_________ have similar effects to histamine in later stages
A: prostaglandins
B: Eosinaphils
C: Leukotrienes
D: Platelet-activating factors - ANSWER-C: Leukotrienes
Causes of metabolic alkalosis include all the following except:
a) Mineralocorticoid deficiency
B) Hypokalemia
c) Thiazide diuretic therapy
d) Recurrent vomiting - ANSWER-a) Mineralocorticoid deficiency
What is NOT true in regards to action potentials?
a. Na+ gates are open
b. Na+ gates are closed
c. K+ gates are open
d. it is an all or none event - ANSWER-b. Na+ gates are closed
The sympathetic nervous system is known for its _________ or ________
phenomenon. Whereas the parasympathetic nervous system is focuses on ______ and
_____ response. - ANSWER-fight-or-flight; rest and tranquility
What systems with the buffer system are regulators of acid base balance?
A. neurologic and cardiac
B. renal and respiratory
, C. gastrointestinal and musculoskeletal - ANSWER-B. renal and respiratory
________________are the cell needed to kill bacteria in the early inflammation stages.
A. neutrophils
B. basophils
C. eosinophils - ANSWER-A. neutrophils
Which of the following are treatment options for HIV? Select all that apply.
a. Reverse-transcriptase inhibitors
b. Entrance inhibitors
c. Exit inhibitors
d. AZT
e. Integrase inhibitors
f. Protease inhibitor - ANSWER-A, B, D, E, F
a. Reverse-transcriptase inhibitors
b. Entrance inhibitors
d. AZT
e. Integrase inhibitors
f. Protease inhibitor
Breastfeeding is considered which type of immunity?
a. Active Immunity
b. Adaptive Immunity
c. Passive Immunity
d. Transferred Immunity - ANSWER-c. Passive Immunity
All are true about metabolic alkalosis except one:
a) Associated with hyperkalemia
b) Associated with decreased ionic calcium concentration
c) Can be caused due to Primary hyperaldosteronism
d) Can be caused due to Renin secreting tumor - ANSWER-a) Associated with
hyperkalemia
Which of the following are 2 forces that favor filtration?
A. Capillary hydrostatic pressure
B. Plasma (capillary ) oncotic pressure
C. Interstitial hydrostatic pressure
D. Interstitial oncotic pressure - ANSWER-A. Capillary hydrostatic pressure
D. Interstitial oncotic pressure
CORRECT ANSWERS (GRADED A)
Hypotension, tachycardia and low urine output are signs of - ANSWER-hypovolemia
7.36 ph, high CO2 and high bicarbonate indicates - ANSWER-fully compensated
respiratory acidosis
If water consists of 60% of TBW. Choose and assign corresponding percentages (40,
5,15 and 20).
ICF =
ECF=
Interstitial =
Intravascular = - ANSWER-ICF=40; ECF=20; Interstitial = 15 and Intravascular = 5
Adaptive Immunity is programmed to respond to damage to the body whether the
damaged tissue is septic or sterile - ANSWER-False .
Adaptive (Acquired) Immunity is the third line of defense in human body also called the
immune response or immunity. Whereas the Innate Immune system is programmed to
respond to damage to the body whether the damaged tissue is septic or sterile.
1. A patient in the Medical ICU has +3 pitting edema in the extremities, jaundice, icterus,
and a grossly distended abdomen. Labs show that his albumin levels are 1.2. Which
option below describe the process behind the ascites and pitting edema ?
A. Decreased hydrostatic pressure
B. Decreased capillary oncotic pressure
C. Increased Interstitial hydrostatic pressure
D. Decreased interstitial oncotic pressure - ANSWER-B- decreased capillary oncotic
pressure
Which of the following is NOT a non volatile acid in the body?
A. Lactic acid
B. Phosphoric acid
C. Hydroxybutyric acid
D. Carbonic acid - ANSWER-D- carbonic acid
In one of the major acid/base buffering systems; the lungs will decrease __________
_________ by blowing off carbon dioxide and leaving water and the kidneys will
regulate the levels of __________ to maintain a safe pH. - ANSWER-Carbonic
acid/bicarbonate
,A patient presents to your office you find; dysthymia, fatigue, decrease bowel sounds,
thirst, and weakness. What potassium imbalance is this? - ANSWER-Hypokalemia
Hyponatremia usually causes the movement of _________into ____ - ANSWER-
Answer: water, cells
Causes of hypernatremia, include:
A excessive free water intake.
B inappropriate administration of hypertonic saline solution.
C over secretion of the hormone aldosterone.
D Cushing syndrome.
E ingesting large amounts of dietary sodium. - ANSWER-Answer: B, C, D
(some Causes of Hypernatremia)
B inappropriate administration of hypertonic saline solution.
C over secretion of the hormone aldosterone.
D Cushing syndrome.
Early changes of___________ includes tall __________ - ANSWER-Hyperkalemia,
peaked T waves
A _______ is caused by an excess protein that is found in the skin during healing. -
ANSWER-Keloid
Your pt has an ST depression as a well as an inverted T-wave, and prominent U wave
on EKG monitoring. What lab value is likely responsible?
a.) Magnesium 2.2
b.) Phosphorous 2.0
c.) Potassium 2.2
d.) Potassium 5.6 - ANSWER-c.) Potassium 2.2
What is an electrolyte?
a.) A substance that is responsible for controlling appetite and mood.
b.) A hormone that is responsible for feelings of alertness throughout the day.
c.) A mineral that has an electric charge, found dissolved in bodies of water
d.) All of the above - ANSWER-c.) A mineral that has an electric charge, found
dissolved in bodies of water
Alzheimer's disease is the result of a decrease in which neurotransmitter
A. Dopamine
B. Acetylcholine
C. Norepinephrine
,D. Serotonin - ANSWER-B. Acetylcholine
An excessive amount of this electrolyte can contribute to decreased urine formation, the
formation of SIADH, weakness, muscle twitching and cerebral edema
A. Potassium
B. Calcium
C. Water
D. Sodium - ANSWER-D. Sodium
All of these are causes of edema except:
A: Increase in capillary hydrostatic pressure
B: Decreased in plasma oncotic pressure
C: Increased in capillary permeability
D: Decrease in hydrostatic pressure - ANSWER-D: Decrease in hydrostatic pressure
_________ have similar effects to histamine in later stages
A: prostaglandins
B: Eosinaphils
C: Leukotrienes
D: Platelet-activating factors - ANSWER-C: Leukotrienes
Causes of metabolic alkalosis include all the following except:
a) Mineralocorticoid deficiency
B) Hypokalemia
c) Thiazide diuretic therapy
d) Recurrent vomiting - ANSWER-a) Mineralocorticoid deficiency
What is NOT true in regards to action potentials?
a. Na+ gates are open
b. Na+ gates are closed
c. K+ gates are open
d. it is an all or none event - ANSWER-b. Na+ gates are closed
The sympathetic nervous system is known for its _________ or ________
phenomenon. Whereas the parasympathetic nervous system is focuses on ______ and
_____ response. - ANSWER-fight-or-flight; rest and tranquility
What systems with the buffer system are regulators of acid base balance?
A. neurologic and cardiac
B. renal and respiratory
, C. gastrointestinal and musculoskeletal - ANSWER-B. renal and respiratory
________________are the cell needed to kill bacteria in the early inflammation stages.
A. neutrophils
B. basophils
C. eosinophils - ANSWER-A. neutrophils
Which of the following are treatment options for HIV? Select all that apply.
a. Reverse-transcriptase inhibitors
b. Entrance inhibitors
c. Exit inhibitors
d. AZT
e. Integrase inhibitors
f. Protease inhibitor - ANSWER-A, B, D, E, F
a. Reverse-transcriptase inhibitors
b. Entrance inhibitors
d. AZT
e. Integrase inhibitors
f. Protease inhibitor
Breastfeeding is considered which type of immunity?
a. Active Immunity
b. Adaptive Immunity
c. Passive Immunity
d. Transferred Immunity - ANSWER-c. Passive Immunity
All are true about metabolic alkalosis except one:
a) Associated with hyperkalemia
b) Associated with decreased ionic calcium concentration
c) Can be caused due to Primary hyperaldosteronism
d) Can be caused due to Renin secreting tumor - ANSWER-a) Associated with
hyperkalemia
Which of the following are 2 forces that favor filtration?
A. Capillary hydrostatic pressure
B. Plasma (capillary ) oncotic pressure
C. Interstitial hydrostatic pressure
D. Interstitial oncotic pressure - ANSWER-A. Capillary hydrostatic pressure
D. Interstitial oncotic pressure
