PLUMBING EXAM #4 - STUDY GUIDE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What two important developments came from the Roman Empire? - Answer-need for a
water supply system and need to handle human waste
___ were common in the Roman Empire and were often associated with the ___ -
Answer-public latrines; public baths
A(n) ___ delivered water continuously in troughs beneath the latrine seats and the
waste discharged through sewers into the Tiber River - Answer-aqueduct system
Who built the baths (Roman Empire)? - Answer-M. Gavius Maximus, praefectus
praetorio
When were the baths build (Roman Empire)? - Answer-second century AD; 193 - 225
AD
The Romans became the first to regularly use ____ - Answer-pipe to direct water
What was the innovation used to develop the natural hot springs near Bath, England
(Romans)? - Answer-lead sheets folded to form a pipe
What are the severe symptoms of cholera? - Answer-massive watery diarrhea that can
lead to hypotensive shock and death
Where/when did cholera begin? - Answer-India - 1817
Where/when did cholera hit 2nd? - Answer-Europe - 1820's/1830's
Where/when did cholera hit 3rd? - Answer-*United States - 1832*
What is a common symptom of cholera that appears earlier on in the illness? - Answer-
vomiting
The characteristic of ____ develops with continued purging
(cholera) - Answer-rice-water stool
The characteristic of rice-water stool develops with continued ___
(cholera) - Answer-purging
Most deaths from cholera are caused by ___ - Answer-severe dehydration
How can death from cholera be avoided? - Answer-fluid replacement therapy
, What was originally thought to be the cause of cholera? - Answer-"bad ayre" (bad air)
What caused the cholera outbreak to be so severe in London? - Answer-industrial
revolution lead people to shift from rural to urban areas
What was the primary fuel of the period (cholera outbreak) in London? - Answer-coal
What also caused deaths during the cholera outbreak? - Answer-asphyxiation due to
smoke, sulfurous industrial fog, hydrogen sulfide, and/or methane from the burning coal
Who was enlisted to help develop a solution to cholera in London? - Answer-Edwin
Chadwick
Chadwick blamed disease on the ____ - Answer-stench from overflowing cesspools
Chadwick was a - Answer-miasmatist
What is a miasmatist? - Answer-studies steam, vapors, etc. emitted from organic matter
What initiated the transition to remove the filth and excrement through more sewers in
London? - Answer-Nuisances Removal and Contagious Diseases Prevention Act 1848
What is the Nuisances Removal and Contagious Diseases Prevention Act 1848? -
Answer-initiated the transition in waste removal
What did the Nuisances Removal and Contagious Diseases Prevention Act 1848
require? - Answer-extensive sewer system that could handle the increase in capacity of
waste that would flow through it on a daily basis
What was the purpose of the Nuisances Removal and Contagious Diseases Prevention
Act 1848? - Answer-remove all cesspools
Where did the sewers of London empty? - Answer-Thames
What is still not understood? - Answer-how one became infected with cholera (India)
What did Dr. John Snow do to understand the cholera outbreak? - Answer-walked door-
to-door to understand where/which street pump people were getting their water supply
Which street pump resulted in the most cholera cases? - Answer-Broad street pump
What did Dr. John Snow discover? - Answer-the link between drinking contaminated
water and cholera
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What two important developments came from the Roman Empire? - Answer-need for a
water supply system and need to handle human waste
___ were common in the Roman Empire and were often associated with the ___ -
Answer-public latrines; public baths
A(n) ___ delivered water continuously in troughs beneath the latrine seats and the
waste discharged through sewers into the Tiber River - Answer-aqueduct system
Who built the baths (Roman Empire)? - Answer-M. Gavius Maximus, praefectus
praetorio
When were the baths build (Roman Empire)? - Answer-second century AD; 193 - 225
AD
The Romans became the first to regularly use ____ - Answer-pipe to direct water
What was the innovation used to develop the natural hot springs near Bath, England
(Romans)? - Answer-lead sheets folded to form a pipe
What are the severe symptoms of cholera? - Answer-massive watery diarrhea that can
lead to hypotensive shock and death
Where/when did cholera begin? - Answer-India - 1817
Where/when did cholera hit 2nd? - Answer-Europe - 1820's/1830's
Where/when did cholera hit 3rd? - Answer-*United States - 1832*
What is a common symptom of cholera that appears earlier on in the illness? - Answer-
vomiting
The characteristic of ____ develops with continued purging
(cholera) - Answer-rice-water stool
The characteristic of rice-water stool develops with continued ___
(cholera) - Answer-purging
Most deaths from cholera are caused by ___ - Answer-severe dehydration
How can death from cholera be avoided? - Answer-fluid replacement therapy
, What was originally thought to be the cause of cholera? - Answer-"bad ayre" (bad air)
What caused the cholera outbreak to be so severe in London? - Answer-industrial
revolution lead people to shift from rural to urban areas
What was the primary fuel of the period (cholera outbreak) in London? - Answer-coal
What also caused deaths during the cholera outbreak? - Answer-asphyxiation due to
smoke, sulfurous industrial fog, hydrogen sulfide, and/or methane from the burning coal
Who was enlisted to help develop a solution to cholera in London? - Answer-Edwin
Chadwick
Chadwick blamed disease on the ____ - Answer-stench from overflowing cesspools
Chadwick was a - Answer-miasmatist
What is a miasmatist? - Answer-studies steam, vapors, etc. emitted from organic matter
What initiated the transition to remove the filth and excrement through more sewers in
London? - Answer-Nuisances Removal and Contagious Diseases Prevention Act 1848
What is the Nuisances Removal and Contagious Diseases Prevention Act 1848? -
Answer-initiated the transition in waste removal
What did the Nuisances Removal and Contagious Diseases Prevention Act 1848
require? - Answer-extensive sewer system that could handle the increase in capacity of
waste that would flow through it on a daily basis
What was the purpose of the Nuisances Removal and Contagious Diseases Prevention
Act 1848? - Answer-remove all cesspools
Where did the sewers of London empty? - Answer-Thames
What is still not understood? - Answer-how one became infected with cholera (India)
What did Dr. John Snow do to understand the cholera outbreak? - Answer-walked door-
to-door to understand where/which street pump people were getting their water supply
Which street pump resulted in the most cholera cases? - Answer-Broad street pump
What did Dr. John Snow discover? - Answer-the link between drinking contaminated
water and cholera
