Cosmetology State Board Practice Test (146 questions)

Corrugations ANS - Nail disorder - Horizontal wavy ridges caused by uneven growth due to illness or injuries. Furrows ANS - Nail disorder - vertical lines down the nail plate caused by nutrition, injury or illness. Leuconchia ANS - White spots on the nail caused by injury to the base of the nail Onychorrhexis ANS - Split or brittle nails caused by injury, careless filing, vitamin deficiencies, illness, and frequent exposure to strong chemicals. Hang Nails ANS - Caused by dry cuticle and carlessness in removing the cuticle Onychomycosis Unguium ANS - Nail fungus caused by a parasite. very contagious Onychocryptosis ANS - Ingrown nail caused by filing the nail too much, or tight fitting shoes. Verruca ANS - Warts caused by infectious virus Onycholysis ANS - lifting of the nail without shedding 5 Basic Nail Shapes ANS - squoval, round, oval, pointed, square Toner ANS - used on pre-lightened hair to achieve pale and delicate colors after decoloring Conditioning filler ANS - protein conditioner that will equalize porosity and fill the holes Color filler ANS - used to replace the missing primary colors Oxidative ANS - Demi- permenant and permenant color Non-oxidative color ANS - temporary - physical change only. Semi-permanent. Double process blonde ANS - decolorizing and toning What affects lightener working time? ANS - Melanin - the more there is the longer the process. Scalp processes faster because of body heat Lift ANS - lightening by breaking up the melanin to decolorize hair Deposit ANS - means that product only deposits color because it does not contain ammonia or high alkalinity necessary to lift developer ANS - oxidizing agent H2O2 when mixed with ammonia it will break up the melanin and give ability to lift or lighten Semi-permanent color ANS - non-oxidative, temporary color, stains cuticle, fades in each shampoo. Demi-permanent color ANS - oxidative, deposit only, deepens or changes the tone Permanent color ANS - lightens and deposits at the same time. more alkaline ingredients, penetrates the cortex, can't shampoo out Primary colors ANS - Red, Blue, Yellow Brown ANS - unequal combo of primary color Black ANS - Equal parts of primary colors Warm tones ANS - red, orange, yellow Cool tones ANS - blue, green, violet Neutral tones ANS - perfect combo of both cool and warm tones Eumelanin ANS - Brown to black pigments Pheomelanin ANS - Red to yellow pigments Coarse texture ANS - largest diameter, greatest amount of melanin, processing time and lift is affected medium texture ANS - has a balance of melanin, typically no problems Fine texture ANS - smallest diameter, least amount of melanin, more susceptible to darker drabber results, more prone to damage Alkaline Wave ANS - AKA cold waves - ammonium thioglycolate (thio and ammonia). ph - 9.0-9.6, no tension, solution causes hair to swell, processes at RT Acid Wave ANS - AKA heat waves- glycerol monothioglycolate. ph - 7.8-8.2. will require heat to speed processing Endothermic ANS - required added heat source Exothermic ANS - self heating Croguiqnole ANS - Wrapping technique from ends to scalp, causes tighter curls on ends. also referred to as "overlapping method"