MED SURG TEST #4 STUDY REVIEW
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Peritonitis - Answer-inflammation of the peritoneum. Usually, it is a result of bacterial
infection; organisms come from diseases of the GI tract, or in women, from the internal
reproductive organs
Peritonitis causes - Answer--ruptured appendix
-perforated ulcer
-bowel perforation
-pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
-bladder perforation
-traumatic rupture of liver or spleen
Peritonitis occurs in which part of the GI system?
-Peritoneum.
-Appendix.
-Duodenum.
-Sigmoid colon - Answer-Peritoneum.
On physical examination, the nurse should be looking for tenderness on palpation at
McBurney's point, which is located at the:
-Left lower quadrant.
-Left upper quadrant.
-Right lower quadrant.
-Right upper quadrant. - Answer-right lower quadrant
When assessing the abdomen, the nurse should place the patient in which of the
following positions: - Answer-supine with knees flexed
During assessment, the nurse is looking for positive indicators of appendicitis, which
include all of the following except:
-A low-grade fever.
-Abdominal tenderness on palpation.
-Thrombocytopenia.
-Vomiting. - Answer-thrombocytopenia
Nursing concepts appendicitis: - Answer--Infection control
-comfort
-nutrition
Appendicitis Nursing Management - Answer--relieving pain
-prevent fluid volume deficit
, -NPO --> for surgery
-Analgesics/ Antimetics
-IV fluids if needed
The major cause of death from peritonitis is:
-Hypovolemia.
-Sepsis.
-Shock.
-Abscess formation. - Answer-Sepsis
The teaching plan for the patient being discharged after an acute episode of upper GI
bleeding includes information concerning the importance of (select all that apply)
-limiting alcohol intake to one serving per day
-only taking aspirin and drugs containing aspirin
-avoiding taking aspirin and drugs containing aspirin
-only taking drugs prescribed by the health care provider
-taking all drugs 1 hour before mealtime to prevent further bleeding - Answer--avoiding
taking aspirin and drugs containing aspirin
-only taking drugs prescribed by the health care provider
hematemesis - Answer-Very large amounts of blood in the vomit
melena - Answer-black, tarry stools; feces containing digested blood
Occult bleeding - Answer-Blood in the feces or vomit that is not visible upon gross
inspection but is detected in tests used to screen for colon cancer.
Drugs that contribute to gastrointestinal bleeding - Answer--Corticosteroids
-NSAIDs
-Salicylates (aspirin)
Upper GI bleed diagnostics: - Answer--Endoscopy
-Angiography
-Labs: CBC, BUN, PT, PTT, INR, ABG's
How much blood is lost during a massive upper GI hemorrhage? - Answer-more than
1500 mL or 25% of intravascular blood volume
During upper GI bleed when should the endoscopy be performed? - Answer-1st 24
hours.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Peritonitis - Answer-inflammation of the peritoneum. Usually, it is a result of bacterial
infection; organisms come from diseases of the GI tract, or in women, from the internal
reproductive organs
Peritonitis causes - Answer--ruptured appendix
-perforated ulcer
-bowel perforation
-pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
-bladder perforation
-traumatic rupture of liver or spleen
Peritonitis occurs in which part of the GI system?
-Peritoneum.
-Appendix.
-Duodenum.
-Sigmoid colon - Answer-Peritoneum.
On physical examination, the nurse should be looking for tenderness on palpation at
McBurney's point, which is located at the:
-Left lower quadrant.
-Left upper quadrant.
-Right lower quadrant.
-Right upper quadrant. - Answer-right lower quadrant
When assessing the abdomen, the nurse should place the patient in which of the
following positions: - Answer-supine with knees flexed
During assessment, the nurse is looking for positive indicators of appendicitis, which
include all of the following except:
-A low-grade fever.
-Abdominal tenderness on palpation.
-Thrombocytopenia.
-Vomiting. - Answer-thrombocytopenia
Nursing concepts appendicitis: - Answer--Infection control
-comfort
-nutrition
Appendicitis Nursing Management - Answer--relieving pain
-prevent fluid volume deficit
, -NPO --> for surgery
-Analgesics/ Antimetics
-IV fluids if needed
The major cause of death from peritonitis is:
-Hypovolemia.
-Sepsis.
-Shock.
-Abscess formation. - Answer-Sepsis
The teaching plan for the patient being discharged after an acute episode of upper GI
bleeding includes information concerning the importance of (select all that apply)
-limiting alcohol intake to one serving per day
-only taking aspirin and drugs containing aspirin
-avoiding taking aspirin and drugs containing aspirin
-only taking drugs prescribed by the health care provider
-taking all drugs 1 hour before mealtime to prevent further bleeding - Answer--avoiding
taking aspirin and drugs containing aspirin
-only taking drugs prescribed by the health care provider
hematemesis - Answer-Very large amounts of blood in the vomit
melena - Answer-black, tarry stools; feces containing digested blood
Occult bleeding - Answer-Blood in the feces or vomit that is not visible upon gross
inspection but is detected in tests used to screen for colon cancer.
Drugs that contribute to gastrointestinal bleeding - Answer--Corticosteroids
-NSAIDs
-Salicylates (aspirin)
Upper GI bleed diagnostics: - Answer--Endoscopy
-Angiography
-Labs: CBC, BUN, PT, PTT, INR, ABG's
How much blood is lost during a massive upper GI hemorrhage? - Answer-more than
1500 mL or 25% of intravascular blood volume
During upper GI bleed when should the endoscopy be performed? - Answer-1st 24
hours.
