NR546 WEEK 7 QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS 2025
NeurotransmittersGinvolvedGinGADHDG-GCORRECTGANSWERG-DopamineG&Gnorepinephrine
-affectGsymptomsGofGinattentionG&Ghyperactivity
PharmacologicGTreatmentGofGSleepGDisorders:G-GCORRECTGANSWERG-Over-the-counter
Melatonin
OrexinGreceptorGantagonists
Antidepressants
Z-drugs
Benzodiazepines
prevalenceGofGADHDGinGtheGUnitedGStatesGpopulationG-GCORRECTGANSWERG-
6.1GmillionGchildrenGareGdiagnosedGwithGADHDGinGtheGU.S.
-BoysGmoreGlikelyGthanGgirlsG(12.9%Gboys,G5.6%Ggirls)
-1/3GhaveGsymptomsGintoGadulthood
-6GinG10GchildrenGhaveGatGleastGoneGotherGmental,Gemotional,GorGbehavioralGdisorder
-Comorbidities:
•GBehavior/conductGproblems
•GAnxiety
•GDepression
•GAutismGspectrumGdisorder
•GTouretteGsyndrome
ADHDGSymptoms:G-GCORRECTGANSWERG-TypicallyGstartGbeforeGageG12,GmayGbeginGtoGappearGearlyGasG3:
-SelectiveGAttention
•GlackGofGattentionGtoGdetail
,•GcarelessGmistakes
•GnotGlistening
•GlosingGthings
•GdivertingGattention
•Gforgetfulness
-LackGofGSustainedGAttention
•GpoorGproblemGsolving
•GdifficultyGcompletingGtasks
•Gdisorganization
•GdifficultyGsustainingGmentalGeffort
-Impulsivity
•GexcessiveGtalking
•GblurtingGthingsGout
•GnotGwaitingGone'sGturn
•Ginterrupting
-Hyperactivity
•Gfidgeting
•GleavingGone'sGseat
•Grunning,Gclimbing
•GtroubleGplayingGquietly
*SymptomsGrelatedGtoGattentionGusuallyGdevelopG2-
4GyearsGafterGtheGemergenceGofGhyperactiveGsymptomsGinGchildhood
ADHDGlifespanGconsiderationsG-GCORRECTGANSWERG--SymptomsGchangeGwithGage.
-NotGonlyGaGchildhoodGdiagnosis
, -HyperactivityGdecreasesGmarkedlyGwithGage
-
PrimaryGSymptoms:Ginattention,Grestlessness,GcognitiveG&GemotionalGimpulsivity,GexecutiveGfunctioningGd
eficits,GandGself-regulation
-
AdultsGstrugglingGwithGexecutiveGfunctioningGdifficultiesGandGdisorganizationGmayGexperienceGoccupation
alGstressGorGanxiety.
neurobiologicalGfactorsGthatGcontributeGtoGADHD:GGeneticsG-GCORRECTGANSWERG-
ImportantGroleGinGdevelopmentGofGADHD.G
-heritabilityGofGupGtoG88%
OtherGriskGfactorsGforGADHDGinclude
-prematureGbirth
-lowGbirthGweight
-maternalGstressGduringGpregnancy
-prenatalGsubstanceGexposure,GincludingGtobaccoG
-adverseGchildhoodGenvironmentalG
-psychosocialGstress
-inconsistentGparentingGpracticesG
neurobiologicalGfactorsGthatGcontributeGtoGADHD:GNeuroanatomyG-GCORRECTGANSWERG-
SpecificGADHDGsymptomsGmayGariseGfromGabnormalitiesGwithinGcircuitsGinGtheGprefrontalGcortexG(PFC)
-affectGexecutiveGfunction
neurobiologicalGfactorsGthatGcontributeGtoGADHD:GNeuralGNetworksG-GCORRECTGANSWERG--
symptomsGoftenGbecomeGnoticeableGatGaboutG6-
7GyearsGofGage,GpossiblyGdueGtoGabnormalitiesGinGtheGprefrontalGcortexGcircuitsGorGerrorsGinGtheGsynapticGp
runingGprocess.G
-BothGselectiveGandGsustainedGattentionGareGmodulatedGbyGtheGcorticostriatal-
thalamocorticalG(CSTC)Gloop
•GsameGloopGthatGisGassociatedGwithGanxiety.G
CORRECT ANSWERS 2025
NeurotransmittersGinvolvedGinGADHDG-GCORRECTGANSWERG-DopamineG&Gnorepinephrine
-affectGsymptomsGofGinattentionG&Ghyperactivity
PharmacologicGTreatmentGofGSleepGDisorders:G-GCORRECTGANSWERG-Over-the-counter
Melatonin
OrexinGreceptorGantagonists
Antidepressants
Z-drugs
Benzodiazepines
prevalenceGofGADHDGinGtheGUnitedGStatesGpopulationG-GCORRECTGANSWERG-
6.1GmillionGchildrenGareGdiagnosedGwithGADHDGinGtheGU.S.
-BoysGmoreGlikelyGthanGgirlsG(12.9%Gboys,G5.6%Ggirls)
-1/3GhaveGsymptomsGintoGadulthood
-6GinG10GchildrenGhaveGatGleastGoneGotherGmental,Gemotional,GorGbehavioralGdisorder
-Comorbidities:
•GBehavior/conductGproblems
•GAnxiety
•GDepression
•GAutismGspectrumGdisorder
•GTouretteGsyndrome
ADHDGSymptoms:G-GCORRECTGANSWERG-TypicallyGstartGbeforeGageG12,GmayGbeginGtoGappearGearlyGasG3:
-SelectiveGAttention
•GlackGofGattentionGtoGdetail
,•GcarelessGmistakes
•GnotGlistening
•GlosingGthings
•GdivertingGattention
•Gforgetfulness
-LackGofGSustainedGAttention
•GpoorGproblemGsolving
•GdifficultyGcompletingGtasks
•Gdisorganization
•GdifficultyGsustainingGmentalGeffort
-Impulsivity
•GexcessiveGtalking
•GblurtingGthingsGout
•GnotGwaitingGone'sGturn
•Ginterrupting
-Hyperactivity
•Gfidgeting
•GleavingGone'sGseat
•Grunning,Gclimbing
•GtroubleGplayingGquietly
*SymptomsGrelatedGtoGattentionGusuallyGdevelopG2-
4GyearsGafterGtheGemergenceGofGhyperactiveGsymptomsGinGchildhood
ADHDGlifespanGconsiderationsG-GCORRECTGANSWERG--SymptomsGchangeGwithGage.
-NotGonlyGaGchildhoodGdiagnosis
, -HyperactivityGdecreasesGmarkedlyGwithGage
-
PrimaryGSymptoms:Ginattention,Grestlessness,GcognitiveG&GemotionalGimpulsivity,GexecutiveGfunctioningGd
eficits,GandGself-regulation
-
AdultsGstrugglingGwithGexecutiveGfunctioningGdifficultiesGandGdisorganizationGmayGexperienceGoccupation
alGstressGorGanxiety.
neurobiologicalGfactorsGthatGcontributeGtoGADHD:GGeneticsG-GCORRECTGANSWERG-
ImportantGroleGinGdevelopmentGofGADHD.G
-heritabilityGofGupGtoG88%
OtherGriskGfactorsGforGADHDGinclude
-prematureGbirth
-lowGbirthGweight
-maternalGstressGduringGpregnancy
-prenatalGsubstanceGexposure,GincludingGtobaccoG
-adverseGchildhoodGenvironmentalG
-psychosocialGstress
-inconsistentGparentingGpracticesG
neurobiologicalGfactorsGthatGcontributeGtoGADHD:GNeuroanatomyG-GCORRECTGANSWERG-
SpecificGADHDGsymptomsGmayGariseGfromGabnormalitiesGwithinGcircuitsGinGtheGprefrontalGcortexG(PFC)
-affectGexecutiveGfunction
neurobiologicalGfactorsGthatGcontributeGtoGADHD:GNeuralGNetworksG-GCORRECTGANSWERG--
symptomsGoftenGbecomeGnoticeableGatGaboutG6-
7GyearsGofGage,GpossiblyGdueGtoGabnormalitiesGinGtheGprefrontalGcortexGcircuitsGorGerrorsGinGtheGsynapticGp
runingGprocess.G
-BothGselectiveGandGsustainedGattentionGareGmodulatedGbyGtheGcorticostriatal-
thalamocorticalG(CSTC)Gloop
•GsameGloopGthatGisGassociatedGwithGanxiety.G
