Actual Exam Questions And Answers{latest 2024/2025}/Graded A+
1. Preschool-Aged - Preschool-aged children are very concerned about their
Children body integrity
Body-Integrity - They believe that their insides can leak our from even a
small wound.
- Explains reason for their preoccupation with bandages
2. Preschool (3-6 - IMITATION of adults: providing a stethoscope allows
Years) child an opportunity for THERAPEUTIC play.
- Time based on events, magical thinking, animism, cen-
tration.
- Stress = Regresion; may still be picky eaters , sleep 12
hours average, pedestrian safety
- Keep a consistent bedtime routine
3. Pyloromyotomy - Release of hypertrophied muscle around the pyloric
sphincter that causes narrowing of the pyloric canal.
- Infants will be fed shortly postoperative (with return of
bowel sounds) in small, frequent oral feeds.
- There is no incision to the gastric walls or mucosa and
NPO is not required.
4. Cystic Fibrosis - ‘ Protein, Carbs and minerals, to promote weight gain
Nutritional Care - They have difficulty absorbing nutrients due to blockage
of pancreatic enzymes by thick mucus secretions in the
pancreas and liver.
- Pancreatic enzymes help breakdown ingested foods so
the body can metabolize nutrients.
- Administering pancreatic enzymes BEFORE eating will
enable children to metabolize nutrients so they can be
used more effectively
- Fat content doesn't need to be decreased or eliminated.
They have difficulty absorbing fat due to thick mucus in
intestines and the inability of the pancreatic enzymes to
reach the duodenum.
- ‘ of fiber is NOT needed, their stools are bulky because
of fat content, but they have regular bowel movements
- C.F. patients excrete excessive salt through the skin, the
child with cystic fibrosis will likely require additional salt in
their diet, especially during activities.
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review
- 85% O2 Sat = mild hypoxemia, as mucopurulent secre-
tions gather in airways, respiratory compromise worsens
and oxygenation becomes impaired and “ in O2 Sat is
likely seen
5. Chemotherapy - Low WBC count places the child at risk for infection and
isolation with monitoring of fever is priority.
6. “RBC - Quiet play and best rest, administer O2
7. “Platelet - Protect child from injury and monitor for bleeding.
- Quiet play should be encouraged, it will lessen the R/F
injury and “ hemorrhage
8. Dehydration - Assessment, response to parenteral fluids.
the nurse should weigh the patient daily because weight
is the most sensitive indicator of hydration status in clients
of all ages.
- Weight is the only measurement the reflects both mea-
surable fluid balance changes (I/O) and insensible fluid
loss (skin and respiratory)
9. Koplik spots - Maculopapular rash and fever; Rubeola
- Koplik spots: oral lesions that are characteristics of rube-
ola (measles). The small, irregular spots with a blue/white
center are seen on the Buccal mucosa, which is opposite
the molars, in the prodromal stage of measles.
- Koplik spots appear about 2 days before maculopapular
rash appears and are accompanied manifestations of
fever, malaise, conjunctivitis, and other cold manifesta-
tions.
- They begin to fade the second day after the rash ap-
pears. Immunity to measles is conferred by the MMR
(Measles-Mumps-Rubella) immunization that children re-
ceive @ 15 months.
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10. Rubeola Measles; Maculopapular starts on the face and spreads
downward. It desquamates after about 3-4 days. The rash
does not progress to vesicles and crusts like the papules
of chicken pox.
- cephalocaudal rash upper trunk and faceand more con-
fluence as it spreads to the lower areas of the body.
11. Varicella Chicken Pox; Vesicles and crusts are present
- Commences with a maculopapular rash that progress-
ess to vesicles on erythematous bases which eventually
rupture and crust over.
12. Kawasaki Syn- - Strawberry tongue; sloughed off its normal coating, ex-
drome (Scarlet posing swollen prominent papillae.
Fever)
13. Pertussis Paroxysmal Cough
(whooping
Cough)