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NEXT GENERATION RN ATI
FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING
PROCTORED EXAM 2024/25 WITH NGN
GRADED A+ WITH VERIFIED QUESTIONS
AND DETAILED RATIONALES EXAM 1
Basic physical care
Answer: 2, 3, 5
1. A nurse is caring for a client who sustained a
chemical burn in his right eye. She’s preparing to irri-
gate the eye with sterile normal saline solution. Which Rationale: The nurse should place absorbent pads in
steps are appropriate when performing the procedure? the area of the shoulder to prevent saturating the
Select all that apply. client’s clothing and bed linens. She should also wash
her hands and put on gloves to reduce the transmis-
□ 1. Tilt the client’s head toward his left eye.
sion of microorganisms. The solution should be direct-
□ 2. Place absorbent pads in the area of the client’s ed from the inner to outer canthus of the eye to pre-
shoulder. vent contamination of the unaffected eye. The head
should be tilted toward the affected (right) eye to facil-
□ 3. Wash hands and put on gloves.
itate drainage and to prevent irrigating solution from
□ 4. Place the irrigation syringe directly on the entering the left eye. The irrigation syringe should be
cornea. held about 1" (2.5 cm) above the eye to prevent in-
jury to the cornea. In a chemical exposure, the eye
□ 5. Direct the solution onto the exposed conjuncti- should be irrigated for at least 10 minutes.
val sac from the inner to outer canthus.
Nursing process step: Implementation
□ 6. Irrigate the eye for 1 minute.
Client needs category: Physiological integrity
Client needs subcategory: Reduction of risk poten-
tial
Cognitive level: Application
2. A nurse is caring for a client who underwent car-
diac catheterization. He starts bleeding from his left
femoral access site. Identify the area where the nurse
should apply pressure.
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Answer:
Rationale: The femoral artery is punctured approxi-
mately 2 inches above the access site.
Nursing process step: Implementation
Client needs category: Physiological integrity
Client needs subcategory: Reduction of risk poten-
tial
Cognitive level: Application
3An elderly client who is 5'4" and weighs 145 lb is
admitted to the long-term care facility. The admitting nurse
takes this report: The client sits for long periods in his
wheelchair and has bowel and bladder inconti- nence. He
is able to feed himself and has a fair ap- petite, eating
best at breakfast and poorly thereafter. He doesn’t have
family members living nearby and is often noted to be
crying to sleep. He also frequently requires large doses of
sedatives. Which factors place
the client at risk for developing a pressure ulcer? Select
all that apply.
□ 1. Weight
□ 2. Incontinence
□ 3. Sitting for long periods of time
□ 4. Sedation
□ 5. Crying
□ 6. Eating poorly at lunch and dinner
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bearing on this client’s risk of developing a pressure
Answer: 2, 3, 4 ulcer. However, clients with depression are
commonly not as active, so his activity levels should
Rationale: Incontinence, inactivity, immobility, and be monitored closely.
sedation are all risk factors for developing pressure
ulcers. The client’s weight and poor eating habits at Nursing process step: Data collection
lunch and dinner aren’t directly related to the risk of Client needs category: Physiological integrity
developing pressure ulcers, but a calorie count
should be taken to see if the client is getting Client needs subcategory: Reduction of risk poten-
adequate calo- ries and fluids because poor nutrition tial
can contribute to pressure ulcers. The fact that the Cognitive level: Analysis
client cries and may be depressed has no direct
4. nurse finds a client lying on the floor of the hos- pital Answer:
corridor. After determining unconsciousness,
breathlessness, and providing two ventilations, the nurse
checks the client’s carotid artery for a pulse. Identify the
area where the nurse can best palpate the carotid pulse.
Rationale: The carotid artery is located in the neck in
the groove between the trachea and the sternocleido-
mastoid muscle. It’s the artery of choice for determin-
ing a pulse in this situation because it’s usually the
most accessible.
Nursing process step: Data collection
Client needs category: Physiological integrity
Client needs subcategory: Physiological adaptation
Cognitive level: Knowledge
, 3. A nurse is preparing to leave a contact isolation
room. Place the following steps in ascending chrono-
Answer:
logical order as to how protective wear should be re- 2. Remove gloves.
moved. Use all the options.
3. Remove mask.
1. Remove eyewear.
4. Remove gown.
2. Remove gloves.
1. Remove eyewear.
3. Remove mask.
5. Wash hands for a minimum of 10 seconds.
4. Remove gown.
Rationale: Removal of gloves, then mask, gown, and
5. Wash hands for a minimum of 10 seconds. eyewear, and then washing hands for a minimum of
10 seconds limits the possibility of contact with conta-
minants.
Nursing process step: Implementation
Client needs category: Safe, effective care environ-
ment
Client needs subcategory: Safety and infection con-
trol
Cognitive level: Comprehension
4. A client is ordered to receive a sodium phosphate
enema for relief of constipation. Proper administration
Answer: 2, 3, 6
of the enema includes which steps? Select all that Rationale: To administer an enema, the nurse should
apply. place the client in Sims’ position or a knee-chest posi-
tion. Washing hands and putting on gloves are neces-
□ 1. Chill the solution by placing it in the refrigerator
sary to reduce the transmission of microorganisms. To
for 10 minutes.
promote the effectiveness of the enema, the nurse
□ 2. Assist the client into Sims’ position. should encourage the client to retain the solution for
at least 5 minutes. The solution should be warmed
□ 3. Wash hands and put on gloves. rather than chilled to promote comfort. To administer
□ 4. Insert the tip of the container 1⁄2" into the rec- the solution effectively and deliver it to the appropriate
tum. location, the nurse should insert the full length of the
tip into the rectum. The nurse should compress the
□ 5. Allow gravity to instill the solution. container to deliver the solution under positive pres-
□ 6. Encourage the client to retain the solution for sure and not by gravity.
5 to 15 minutes. Nursing process step: Implementation
Client needs category: Physiological integrity
Client needs subcategory: Basic care and comfort
Cognitive level: Application
B A S I C P H Y S I C AL C A R E 3
NEXT GENERATION RN ATI
FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING
PROCTORED EXAM 2024/25 WITH NGN
GRADED A+ WITH VERIFIED QUESTIONS
AND DETAILED RATIONALES EXAM 1
Basic physical care
Answer: 2, 3, 5
1. A nurse is caring for a client who sustained a
chemical burn in his right eye. She’s preparing to irri-
gate the eye with sterile normal saline solution. Which Rationale: The nurse should place absorbent pads in
steps are appropriate when performing the procedure? the area of the shoulder to prevent saturating the
Select all that apply. client’s clothing and bed linens. She should also wash
her hands and put on gloves to reduce the transmis-
□ 1. Tilt the client’s head toward his left eye.
sion of microorganisms. The solution should be direct-
□ 2. Place absorbent pads in the area of the client’s ed from the inner to outer canthus of the eye to pre-
shoulder. vent contamination of the unaffected eye. The head
should be tilted toward the affected (right) eye to facil-
□ 3. Wash hands and put on gloves.
itate drainage and to prevent irrigating solution from
□ 4. Place the irrigation syringe directly on the entering the left eye. The irrigation syringe should be
cornea. held about 1" (2.5 cm) above the eye to prevent in-
jury to the cornea. In a chemical exposure, the eye
□ 5. Direct the solution onto the exposed conjuncti- should be irrigated for at least 10 minutes.
val sac from the inner to outer canthus.
Nursing process step: Implementation
□ 6. Irrigate the eye for 1 minute.
Client needs category: Physiological integrity
Client needs subcategory: Reduction of risk poten-
tial
Cognitive level: Application
2. A nurse is caring for a client who underwent car-
diac catheterization. He starts bleeding from his left
femoral access site. Identify the area where the nurse
should apply pressure.
,2|Page
Answer:
Rationale: The femoral artery is punctured approxi-
mately 2 inches above the access site.
Nursing process step: Implementation
Client needs category: Physiological integrity
Client needs subcategory: Reduction of risk poten-
tial
Cognitive level: Application
3An elderly client who is 5'4" and weighs 145 lb is
admitted to the long-term care facility. The admitting nurse
takes this report: The client sits for long periods in his
wheelchair and has bowel and bladder inconti- nence. He
is able to feed himself and has a fair ap- petite, eating
best at breakfast and poorly thereafter. He doesn’t have
family members living nearby and is often noted to be
crying to sleep. He also frequently requires large doses of
sedatives. Which factors place
the client at risk for developing a pressure ulcer? Select
all that apply.
□ 1. Weight
□ 2. Incontinence
□ 3. Sitting for long periods of time
□ 4. Sedation
□ 5. Crying
□ 6. Eating poorly at lunch and dinner
, 3|Page
bearing on this client’s risk of developing a pressure
Answer: 2, 3, 4 ulcer. However, clients with depression are
commonly not as active, so his activity levels should
Rationale: Incontinence, inactivity, immobility, and be monitored closely.
sedation are all risk factors for developing pressure
ulcers. The client’s weight and poor eating habits at Nursing process step: Data collection
lunch and dinner aren’t directly related to the risk of Client needs category: Physiological integrity
developing pressure ulcers, but a calorie count
should be taken to see if the client is getting Client needs subcategory: Reduction of risk poten-
adequate calo- ries and fluids because poor nutrition tial
can contribute to pressure ulcers. The fact that the Cognitive level: Analysis
client cries and may be depressed has no direct
4. nurse finds a client lying on the floor of the hos- pital Answer:
corridor. After determining unconsciousness,
breathlessness, and providing two ventilations, the nurse
checks the client’s carotid artery for a pulse. Identify the
area where the nurse can best palpate the carotid pulse.
Rationale: The carotid artery is located in the neck in
the groove between the trachea and the sternocleido-
mastoid muscle. It’s the artery of choice for determin-
ing a pulse in this situation because it’s usually the
most accessible.
Nursing process step: Data collection
Client needs category: Physiological integrity
Client needs subcategory: Physiological adaptation
Cognitive level: Knowledge
, 3. A nurse is preparing to leave a contact isolation
room. Place the following steps in ascending chrono-
Answer:
logical order as to how protective wear should be re- 2. Remove gloves.
moved. Use all the options.
3. Remove mask.
1. Remove eyewear.
4. Remove gown.
2. Remove gloves.
1. Remove eyewear.
3. Remove mask.
5. Wash hands for a minimum of 10 seconds.
4. Remove gown.
Rationale: Removal of gloves, then mask, gown, and
5. Wash hands for a minimum of 10 seconds. eyewear, and then washing hands for a minimum of
10 seconds limits the possibility of contact with conta-
minants.
Nursing process step: Implementation
Client needs category: Safe, effective care environ-
ment
Client needs subcategory: Safety and infection con-
trol
Cognitive level: Comprehension
4. A client is ordered to receive a sodium phosphate
enema for relief of constipation. Proper administration
Answer: 2, 3, 6
of the enema includes which steps? Select all that Rationale: To administer an enema, the nurse should
apply. place the client in Sims’ position or a knee-chest posi-
tion. Washing hands and putting on gloves are neces-
□ 1. Chill the solution by placing it in the refrigerator
sary to reduce the transmission of microorganisms. To
for 10 minutes.
promote the effectiveness of the enema, the nurse
□ 2. Assist the client into Sims’ position. should encourage the client to retain the solution for
at least 5 minutes. The solution should be warmed
□ 3. Wash hands and put on gloves. rather than chilled to promote comfort. To administer
□ 4. Insert the tip of the container 1⁄2" into the rec- the solution effectively and deliver it to the appropriate
tum. location, the nurse should insert the full length of the
tip into the rectum. The nurse should compress the
□ 5. Allow gravity to instill the solution. container to deliver the solution under positive pres-
□ 6. Encourage the client to retain the solution for sure and not by gravity.
5 to 15 minutes. Nursing process step: Implementation
Client needs category: Physiological integrity
Client needs subcategory: Basic care and comfort
Cognitive level: Application
B A S I C P H Y S I C AL C A R E 3
