Test bank for anthropology what does it mean to be human 4th edition lavenda full chapte

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1. Evolutionaryttheorytistbasedtontatsettof
* a. testablethypotheses
b. scientists’topinionstabouttdifferenttspecies
c. assumptionstabouttwhentlifetbegan
d. observationstoftthetnaturaltworld

2. Thetclaimtthatt“livingtspeciestcantchangetoverttimetandtgivetrisettotnewtkindstoftorganisms,twitht
thetresulttthattalltorganismstultimatelytsharetatcommontancestry”tistcentralttotwhichttheory?
a. Geneticttransformationalttheory
* b.t Evolutionaryttheory
c. Intelligenttdesign
d. Prehistorictpositionalttheory

3. Intyourttext,tevolutiontistdefinedtas
a. descenttwithtmodification
b. naturaltselectiontplustrandomtaccess
* c. thetprocesstoftchangetoverttime
d.t materialtevidence

4. Thattviewtthatteveryt“naturaltkind”toftlivingtthingtistcharacterizedtbytantunchangingtcoretoftfeat
urestandtseparatedtfromtalltothertnaturaltkindstbytatsharptbreaktis
* a. essentialism
b. catastrophism
c. uniformitarianism
d. naturaltselection

5. Atsinglethierarchytoftalltorganisms,teachtdifferingtslightlytfromtthetonestabovetittandtbelowtittwast
knowntas
* a. thetGreattChaintoftBeing
b. binomialtnomenclature
c. essentialism
d. catastrophism

6. Atsystemtoftbiologicaltclassificationtistcalledta
a. greattchaintoftbeing
b. genus
* c. taxonomy
d.t plenitude

7. Thet“fathertoftmoderntbiologicaltclassification”tistthettitletoftentgiventto
a. ErnsttMayr
* b.t CarolustLinnaeus
c. CharlestDarwin
d. Lamarck

8. ThetleveltoftthetLinnaeanttaxonomytintwhichtdifferenttspeciestaretgroupedttogethertontthetbasi
stofttheirtsimilaritiesttotonetanothertistcalledta
a. category
b. class
c. taxon




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* d.t genus

9. Fortmoderntbiologists,tatspeciestistdefinedtas
* a. atreproductivetcommunitytthattoccupiestatspecifictniche
b. atsettoftrelatedtindividuals
c. atgeneraltcategorytoftorganismstthattcloselytresembletonetanother
d. thetorganismstthattlivetintatspecifictniche

10. Thetnotiontthattnaturaltdisasters,tsuchtastfloods,taretresponsibletfortthetextinctiontoftspecies,twhi
chtaretthentreplacedtbytnewtspeciestistknowntas
a. religion
b. essentialism
c. gradualism
* d.t catastrophism

11. Whotamongtthetfollowingtassertedtthat,toverttime,tsometspeciesthadtbeentsuddenlytwipedtouttandtr
eplacedtbytnewtspeciestfromtsomewheretelse?
a. MargarettBouvier
b. GeorgestDuvivier
* c. GeorgestCuvier
d.t CharlestLyell

12. Thetnotiontthattantunderstandingtoftcurrenttprocessestcantbetusedttotreconstructtthetpastthistorytoftth
etearthtistknowntas
* a. uniformitarianism
b. catastrophism
c. gradualism
d. essentialism

13. Lamarkiantevolutiontistalsotknowntas
a. variationaltevolution
* b.t transformationaltevolution
c. evolutiontbytdescent
d. notionaltselection

14. Thetargumenttthatteachtindividualtmembertoftatspeciesttransformstitselfttotmeettthetchallengestoftat
changedtenvironmenttthroughtthetlawstoftusetandtdisusetandtinheritancetoftacquiredtcharacterst
wastmadetprimarilytby
* a. Lamarck
b. Darwin
c. Cuvier
d. Lyell

15. Thetclaimtthattsimilartlivingtspeciestmusttallthavethadtatcommontancestortortorigintwastmadetby
a. Lamarck
* b.t Darwin
c. Cuvier
d. Lyell

16. Thetideatoftthetinheritancetoftacquiredtcharacterstholdstthat




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* a.
thetphysicaltresulttoftthetusetortdisusetoftorganstcouldtbetpassedtfromtonetgenerationt
totthetnext
b. thetenvironmenttdoestnottallowtfortcertaintaccidentallytacquiredtcharacteristicsttotbetpas
sedtfromtonetgenerationttotthetnext
c. astatspeciestadaptsttotantenvironment,tchangestintgenetfrequencytaretpassedttotthetnexttgene
ration
d. onlytthosetcharacteristicstthattaretacquiredtmaytbetinherited

17. Thetpanda’stelongatedtwristtbonetort“thumb”twouldtbetexplainedtbytLamarck’sttheorytintwhi
chtoftthetfollowingtways?
* a.
Sometpandastacquiredt“thumbs”tthroughtstrenuoustactivitytandtthentproducedtoffsp
ringtwithtthetsametcharacteristic.
b. Sometpandasthadt“thumbs”toftdifferenttlengths,tandtintatnewtenvironment,tthosetwithtlon
gert“thumbs”tweretbettertablettotsurvivetandtproducetoffspring.
c. Sometpandastacquiredt“thumbs”tthroughtstrenuoustactivitytandtweretbettertablettotsur
vive.
d. Sometpandasthadtlongert“thumbs”tandtweretablettotproducetoffspring.

18. Thetpanda’stelongatedtwristtbonetort“thumb”twouldtbetexplainedtbytDarwin’sttheorytintwhichtoftth
etfollowingtways?
a. Sometpandastacquiredt“thumbs”tthroughtstrenuoustactivitytandtthentproducedtoffspringtwi
thtthetsametcharacteristic.
* b.t Sometpandasthadt“thumbs”toftdifferenttlengths,tandtintatnewtenvironment,tthosetwithtlonge
rt“thumbs”tweretbettertablettotsurvivetandtproducetoffspring.
c. Sometpandastacquiredt“thumbs”tthroughtstrenuoustactivitytandtweretbettertablettotsur
vive.
d. Sometpandasthadtlongert“thumbs”tandtweretablettotproducetoffspring.

19. Thettheorytoftcommontancestrytholdstthat
a. notspeciestistrankedthighertthantanytothertintthettaxonomy
* b.t similartspeciestaretdescendedtfromtatcommontancestor
c. similartspeciestaretablettotinterbreed
d. alltspeciestreproducetintatsimilart(“common”)tway

20. Darwin’stinnovationtintdefiningtthetspeciestwasttotemphasize
a. whattmemberstoftatspeciesthavetintcommon
b. thetconnectionstoftspeciesttotothertspecies
* c. howtindividualtmemberstoftatspeciestdiffer
d.t thetsurvivaltpotentialtoftthetspecies

21. WhichtoftthetfollowingtistNOTtantelementtoftDarwin’sttheorytoftevolutiontbytnaturaltsele
ction?
* a. crossing-over
b. naturaltselection
c. struggletfortexistence
d. variation

22. Darwin’sttheorytthattthet“fitter”tsurvivetandtreproducetmoretoffspring,twhotthentinherittthettrait
stthattmadettheirtparentst“fitter”tistcalled
a. mixedtreproduction
b. survivaltoftthetfittest

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