FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING EXAM 3
LATEST UPDATED STUDY GUIDE ACCURATE
AND VERIFIED.
Overview of Exam 3:
- 40 Questions
- 60 minutes to take
- multiple choice, select all that apply, fill in the blank
NOTE:
Review and know how to perform dosage calculation, there are 5 dosage calculation
questions on the test.
What is a hemoccult?
- A fecal occult blood test checks stool samples for traces of blood that cannot be
seen with the naked eye
- This test is also called a stool guaiac or Hemoccult test
- It is a simple chemical test of a stool sample that involves about five minutes of
preparation time
Discuss nursing measures to reduce urinary tract infections (UTIs) and CAUTIs.
CAUTI: Catheter Associated Urinary Tract Infection
- significant cause of illness, death, and excessive cost
- the most important risk factor for developing a CAUTI is prolonged use of the
urinary catheter
Prevention:
- hospital bundle
- use sterile technique when placing catheter
- securement device
,- proper hygiene
- closed system
- assess continued need and remove promptly
- alternatives (external and intermittent catheterization)
List the steps appropriate for urinary catheter insertion.
1) Perform hand hygiene immediately before and after insertion or any
manipulation of the catheter device or site
2) Ensure that only properly trained persons who know the correct technique of
aseptic catheter insertion and maintenance are given this responsibility
3) In the acute care hospital setting, insert urinary catheters using aseptic technique
and sterile equipment
4) Properly secure indwelling catheters after insertion to prevent movement and
urethral traction
5) Unless otherwise clinically indicated, consider using the smallest bore catheter
possible, consistent with good drainage, to minimize bladder neck and urethral
trauma
6) If intermittent catheterization is used, perform it at regular intervals to prevent
bladder over-distension
7) Consider using a portable ultrasound device to assess urine volume in patients
undergoing intermittent catheterization to assess urine volume and reduce
unnecessary catheter insertions
8) Following aseptic insertion of the urinary catheter, maintain a closed drainage
system
9) Use standard precautions (gloves and gown)
10) Change catheters drainage bags based on clinical indication such as infection,
, obstruction, or when the closed system is compromised
11) Do not clean the area with antiseptics to prevent CAUTI while the catheter is in
place
Compare and contrast the different types of enemas (water, hypertonic, saline,
soapsud).
An Enema is the instillation of a liquid solution through the anus to relieve
constipation or cleanse the bowel in preparation for diagnostic test, procedure, or
surgery
Tap Water Enema:
- hypotonic
- exerts an osmotic pressure lower than fluid in the interstitial spaces
- after infusion into the colon, tap water escapes from the bowel lumen into the
interstitial spaces
- the net movement of water is low
- do not repeat tap water enemas because water toxicity or circulatory develops if
the body absorbs large amounts of water
Hypertonic Enema:
- infused into the bowel exert osmotic pressure that pulls fluids out of the interstitial
spaces
- the colon fills with fluid, and the resultant distention promotes defacation
- patients unable to tolerate large volumes of fluid benefit most from this type of
enema, which is by design low volume
- contradicted for patients who are dehydrated and for young infants
Normal Saline Enema:
- safest solution to use because it exerts the same osmotic pressure as fluids in
interstitial spaces surrounding the bowel
- the volume of infused saline stimulates peristalsis
- does not create the danger of excess fluid absorption
LATEST UPDATED STUDY GUIDE ACCURATE
AND VERIFIED.
Overview of Exam 3:
- 40 Questions
- 60 minutes to take
- multiple choice, select all that apply, fill in the blank
NOTE:
Review and know how to perform dosage calculation, there are 5 dosage calculation
questions on the test.
What is a hemoccult?
- A fecal occult blood test checks stool samples for traces of blood that cannot be
seen with the naked eye
- This test is also called a stool guaiac or Hemoccult test
- It is a simple chemical test of a stool sample that involves about five minutes of
preparation time
Discuss nursing measures to reduce urinary tract infections (UTIs) and CAUTIs.
CAUTI: Catheter Associated Urinary Tract Infection
- significant cause of illness, death, and excessive cost
- the most important risk factor for developing a CAUTI is prolonged use of the
urinary catheter
Prevention:
- hospital bundle
- use sterile technique when placing catheter
- securement device
,- proper hygiene
- closed system
- assess continued need and remove promptly
- alternatives (external and intermittent catheterization)
List the steps appropriate for urinary catheter insertion.
1) Perform hand hygiene immediately before and after insertion or any
manipulation of the catheter device or site
2) Ensure that only properly trained persons who know the correct technique of
aseptic catheter insertion and maintenance are given this responsibility
3) In the acute care hospital setting, insert urinary catheters using aseptic technique
and sterile equipment
4) Properly secure indwelling catheters after insertion to prevent movement and
urethral traction
5) Unless otherwise clinically indicated, consider using the smallest bore catheter
possible, consistent with good drainage, to minimize bladder neck and urethral
trauma
6) If intermittent catheterization is used, perform it at regular intervals to prevent
bladder over-distension
7) Consider using a portable ultrasound device to assess urine volume in patients
undergoing intermittent catheterization to assess urine volume and reduce
unnecessary catheter insertions
8) Following aseptic insertion of the urinary catheter, maintain a closed drainage
system
9) Use standard precautions (gloves and gown)
10) Change catheters drainage bags based on clinical indication such as infection,
, obstruction, or when the closed system is compromised
11) Do not clean the area with antiseptics to prevent CAUTI while the catheter is in
place
Compare and contrast the different types of enemas (water, hypertonic, saline,
soapsud).
An Enema is the instillation of a liquid solution through the anus to relieve
constipation or cleanse the bowel in preparation for diagnostic test, procedure, or
surgery
Tap Water Enema:
- hypotonic
- exerts an osmotic pressure lower than fluid in the interstitial spaces
- after infusion into the colon, tap water escapes from the bowel lumen into the
interstitial spaces
- the net movement of water is low
- do not repeat tap water enemas because water toxicity or circulatory develops if
the body absorbs large amounts of water
Hypertonic Enema:
- infused into the bowel exert osmotic pressure that pulls fluids out of the interstitial
spaces
- the colon fills with fluid, and the resultant distention promotes defacation
- patients unable to tolerate large volumes of fluid benefit most from this type of
enema, which is by design low volume
- contradicted for patients who are dehydrated and for young infants
Normal Saline Enema:
- safest solution to use because it exerts the same osmotic pressure as fluids in
interstitial spaces surrounding the bowel
- the volume of infused saline stimulates peristalsis
- does not create the danger of excess fluid absorption
