Test Bank For Stahl's Essential Psychopharmacology: Neuroscientific Basis and Practical Applications 5th Edition By Stephen M. Stahl All Chapters 1-13 LATEST

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,Chapter 1 Chemical neurotransmission
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MULTIPLE CHOICE b


1. A patient with depression mentions to the nurse, My mother says depression is a
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chemical disorder. What does she mean? The nurses response is based on the theory
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that depression primarily involves which of the following neurotransmitters?
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a. Cortisol and GABA b b




b. COMT and glutamate b b




c. Monamine and glycine b b




d. Serotonin and norepinephrine b b



ANS: D b


One possible cause of depression is thought to involve one or more neurotransmitters.
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Serotonin and norepinephrine have been found to be important in the regulation of
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depression. There is no research to support that the other options play a significant
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role in the development of depression.
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2. A patient has experienced a stroke (cerebral vascular accident) that has resulted in
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damage to the Broca area. Which evaluation does the nurse conduct to reinforce this
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diagnosis?
b



a. Observing the patient pick up a spoon b b b b b b




b. Asking the patient to recite the alphabetb b b b b b




c. Monitoring the patients blood pressure b b b b




d. Comparing the patients grip strength in both hands b b b b b b b



ANS: B b


Accidents or strokes that damage Brocas area may result in the inability to speak (i.e.,
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motor aphasia). Fine motor skills, blood pressure control, and muscle strength are not
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controlled by the Broca area of the left frontal lobe.
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3. The patient diagnosed with schizophrenia asks why psychotropic medications are
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always prescribed by the doctor. The nurses answer will be based on information that
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the therapeutic action of psychotropic drugs is the result of their effect on:
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a. The temporal lobe; especially Wernickes area
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b. Dendrites and their ability to transmit electrical impulses
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c. The regulation of neurotransmitters especially dopamine
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d. The peripheral nervous system sensitivity to the psychotropic medications
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, ANS: C b


Medications used to treat psychiatric disorders operate in and around the synaptic cleft
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and have action at the neurotransmitter level, especially in the case of schizophrenia,
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on dopamine. The Wernickes area, dendrite function, or the sensitivity of the
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peripheral nervous system are not relevant to either schizophrenia or psychotropic
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medications.
b


4. A student nurse mutters that it seems entirely unnecessary to have to struggle with
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understanding the anatomy and physiology of the neurologic system. The mentor
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would base a response on the understanding that it is:
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Necessary but generally for psychiatric nurses who focus primarily on b b b b b b b b b


a. behavioral interventions
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A complex undertaking that advance practice psychiatric nurses frequently use
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b. in their practice
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Important primarily for the nursing assessment of patients with brain b b b b b b b b b


c. traumacaused cognitive symptoms
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Necessary for planning psychiatric care for all patients especially those b b b b b b b b b


d. experiencing psychiatric disorders
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ANS: D b


Nurses must understand that many symptoms of psychiatric disorders have a
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neurologic basis, although the symptoms are manifested behaviorally. This
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understanding facilitates effective care planning. The foundation of knowledge is not
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used exclusively by advanced practice psychiatric nurses nor is it relevant for only
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behavior therapies or brain trauma since dealing with the results of normal and
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abnormal brain function is a responsibility of all nurses providing all types of care to
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the psychiatric patient.
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5. A patient asks the nurse, My wife has breast cancer. Could it be caused by her
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chronic depression? Which response is supported by research data?
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a. Too much stress has been proven to cause all kinds of cancer.
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b. There have been no research studies done on stress and disease yet.
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c. Stress does cause the release of factors that suppress the immune system.
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d. There appears to be little connection between stress and diseases of the body
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ANS: C b


Research indicates that stress causes a release of corticotropin-releasing factors that
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suppress the immune system. Studies indicate that psychiatric disorders such as mood
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disorders are sometimes associated with decreased functioning of the immune system.
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Research does not support a connection between many cancers and stress. There is a
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significant amount of research about stress and the body. Research has shown that
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there are some connections between stress and physical disease.
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