Midterm Exam: NR507/ NR 507 (Latest 2025/ i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
2026 Update) Advanced Pathophysiology |
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
Questions with Verified Answers| 100% i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
Correct |Grade A – Chamberlain. i,- i,- i,- i,-
How does the lamina propria effect the lungs in regards to
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
asthma the WBCs protective feature goes into overdrive
i,-i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
causing an inflammatory response that damages host tissue
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
Asthma Chronic disease due to bronchoconstriction and an
i,-i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
excessive inflammatory response in the bronchioles
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
What are 5 s/s of asthma
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-i,- i,- coughing i,-
wheezing i,-
shortness of breath i,- i,- i,-
rapid breathing
i,- i,-
chest tightness
i,-
Pathophysiology of asthma (5) -airway inflammation, i,- i,- i,- i,-i,- i,- i,- i,-
bronchial hyper-reactivity and smooth muscle spasm
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
-excess mucus production and accumulation
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
,-hypertrophy of bronchial smooth muscle i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
-airflow obstruction i,- i,-
-decreased alveolar ventilation i,- i,-
What does the innermost layer of the bronchioles contain
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-i,- i,-
columnar epithelial ells and mucus producing goblet cells
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
What does the outermost layer of the bronchioles contain
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-i,- i,-
smooth muscle cells i,- i,-
what does the outermost layer of the bronchioles do
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-i,- i,- control i,-
the airways ability to constrict and dilate
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
alveolar hyperinflation i,- When air is unable to move out of the i,-i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
alveolar like it should due to bronchial walls collapsing around
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
possible mucus plug thus trapping air inside
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
how does hyperinflation occur?
i,- the ongoing inflammatory
i,- i,- i,-i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
process of asthma produces mucus and pus plug that the
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
bronchial walls collapse around i,- i,- i,-
Effect of hyperinflation of the alveolar
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-i,- i,- -expanded thorax and i,- i,- i,-
hypercapnia (retention of CO2) i,- i,- i,- i,-
,- respiratory acidosis
i,- i,-
What are two anticholinergic drugs used for asthma
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-i,- i,-
tiotropium and ipratropium i,- i,-
What do anticholinergics do in the lungs?
i,- i,- These drugs block i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
the effects of the parasympathetic nervous system
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
- increasing bronchodilation
i,- i,-
Bronchioles smaller passageways that originate from the
i,-i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
bronchi that become the alveoli
i,- i,- i,- i,-
3 layers of the bronchioles
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-i,- i,- innermost layer i,- i,-
middle layer - lamina propria
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
outermost layer i,-
lamina propria i,- i,-i,- i,- the middle layer of the bronchioles
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
structure of the lamina propria i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-i,- i,- embedded with connective i,- i,- i,-
tissue cells and immune cells
i,- i,- i,- i,-
, purpose of the lamina propria i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-i,- i,- white blood cells are presenti,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
to help protect the airways
i,- i,- i,- i,-
MOA of anticholinergic drugs for asthma
i,- i,- the i,- i,- i,- i,-i,- i,- i,-
parasympathetic system is stimulated by the vagal nerve to i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
release acetylcholine which binds to the cholinergic receptors of
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
the respiratory tract to cause bronchial constriction = decreased
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
airflow i,-
- blocking the cholinergic receptors prevents acetylcholine
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
binding preventing the bronchial constriction
i,- i,- i,- i,-
bronchitis i,-i,- i,- inflammation of the bronchial tubes i,- i,- i,- i,-
3 characteristics of bronchitis
i,- i,- i,- i,-i,- i,- bronchial inflammation i,-
hypersecretion of mucus i,- i,- i,-
chronic productive cough for at least 3 consecutive months for at
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
least 2 successive years
i,- i,- i,-
Perfusion The supply of oxygen to and removal of wastes
i,-i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
from the cells and tissues of the body as a result of the flow of
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
blood through the capillaries.
i,- i,- i,-
2026 Update) Advanced Pathophysiology |
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
Questions with Verified Answers| 100% i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
Correct |Grade A – Chamberlain. i,- i,- i,- i,-
How does the lamina propria effect the lungs in regards to
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
asthma the WBCs protective feature goes into overdrive
i,-i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
causing an inflammatory response that damages host tissue
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
Asthma Chronic disease due to bronchoconstriction and an
i,-i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
excessive inflammatory response in the bronchioles
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
What are 5 s/s of asthma
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-i,- i,- coughing i,-
wheezing i,-
shortness of breath i,- i,- i,-
rapid breathing
i,- i,-
chest tightness
i,-
Pathophysiology of asthma (5) -airway inflammation, i,- i,- i,- i,-i,- i,- i,- i,-
bronchial hyper-reactivity and smooth muscle spasm
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
-excess mucus production and accumulation
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
,-hypertrophy of bronchial smooth muscle i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
-airflow obstruction i,- i,-
-decreased alveolar ventilation i,- i,-
What does the innermost layer of the bronchioles contain
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-i,- i,-
columnar epithelial ells and mucus producing goblet cells
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
What does the outermost layer of the bronchioles contain
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-i,- i,-
smooth muscle cells i,- i,-
what does the outermost layer of the bronchioles do
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-i,- i,- control i,-
the airways ability to constrict and dilate
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
alveolar hyperinflation i,- When air is unable to move out of the i,-i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
alveolar like it should due to bronchial walls collapsing around
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
possible mucus plug thus trapping air inside
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
how does hyperinflation occur?
i,- the ongoing inflammatory
i,- i,- i,-i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
process of asthma produces mucus and pus plug that the
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
bronchial walls collapse around i,- i,- i,-
Effect of hyperinflation of the alveolar
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-i,- i,- -expanded thorax and i,- i,- i,-
hypercapnia (retention of CO2) i,- i,- i,- i,-
,- respiratory acidosis
i,- i,-
What are two anticholinergic drugs used for asthma
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-i,- i,-
tiotropium and ipratropium i,- i,-
What do anticholinergics do in the lungs?
i,- i,- These drugs block i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
the effects of the parasympathetic nervous system
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
- increasing bronchodilation
i,- i,-
Bronchioles smaller passageways that originate from the
i,-i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
bronchi that become the alveoli
i,- i,- i,- i,-
3 layers of the bronchioles
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-i,- i,- innermost layer i,- i,-
middle layer - lamina propria
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
outermost layer i,-
lamina propria i,- i,-i,- i,- the middle layer of the bronchioles
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
structure of the lamina propria i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-i,- i,- embedded with connective i,- i,- i,-
tissue cells and immune cells
i,- i,- i,- i,-
, purpose of the lamina propria i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-i,- i,- white blood cells are presenti,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
to help protect the airways
i,- i,- i,- i,-
MOA of anticholinergic drugs for asthma
i,- i,- the i,- i,- i,- i,-i,- i,- i,-
parasympathetic system is stimulated by the vagal nerve to i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
release acetylcholine which binds to the cholinergic receptors of
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
the respiratory tract to cause bronchial constriction = decreased
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
airflow i,-
- blocking the cholinergic receptors prevents acetylcholine
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
binding preventing the bronchial constriction
i,- i,- i,- i,-
bronchitis i,-i,- i,- inflammation of the bronchial tubes i,- i,- i,- i,-
3 characteristics of bronchitis
i,- i,- i,- i,-i,- i,- bronchial inflammation i,-
hypersecretion of mucus i,- i,- i,-
chronic productive cough for at least 3 consecutive months for at
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
least 2 successive years
i,- i,- i,-
Perfusion The supply of oxygen to and removal of wastes
i,-i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
from the cells and tissues of the body as a result of the flow of
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
blood through the capillaries.
i,- i,- i,-
