NUR 170 Exam 2 Questions and Correct Answers Latest Update 2025
What is perfusion? - Answers the cardiovascular and pulmonary systems providing a supply of
oxygenated blood to every cell in the body, and this requires the to generate sufficient cardiac output to
transfer the blood through the body to be distributed in the tissues throughout the body
What does impaired infusion do? - Answers cause tissue damnage such as ischemia or necrossis
What is ischemia? - Answers decrease blood/oxygen supply to a tissue, which can lead to a blockage and
then a ♡ attack
What is necrosis? - Answers tissue death from lack of blood supply
What is central perfusion? - Answers Generated by cardiac output- the amount of blood pumped by the
heart each minute
propels blood to organs and their tissues
systemic
What is a normal cardiac output? - Answers 4-8 L/min
What happens when cardiac output is low? - Answers Thins are not getting enough blood that is needed
to do things such as walking to the bathroom, and will cause your body tow rok harder and be out of
breath
What is tissue perfusion? - Answers Volume of blood that flows through tissues, supplied by blood flow
from arteries to cappilaries, and the amount of blood varies by organs
How do you differentiate tissue perfision? - Answers a clot in the renal artery is tissue perfusion, not the
kidney as a whole is inpaired, the renal artery is interrupting the kidney as a whole
What are some assessment findings of impaired central perfusion? - Answers -hypotension (decreased
blood pressure less than 90/60) and at this level it can affect the blood flow of the organs and people
will start to feel side effects of low blood pressure
-tachycardia (increased heart rate, above 100 bpm)
-change in mental status
-shortness of breath
,-peripheral edema
-change in heart rhythm
-diaphoresis (sweating) or anxiety
What are the S1 and S2 sounds? - Answers Every apical pulse is a combination two sounds, defined as S1
and S2. The S1 is the low-pitched, dull sound ("lub") heard when the tricuspid and mitral valves close as
ventricular filling ends. The S2 is the higher pitched, shorter sound ("dub") heard when the pulmonic and
aortic valves close at the end of ventricular ejection.
What are some assessment findings of impaired tissue perfusion? - Answers -pale, cool skin
-less hair on legs
-diminished dorsalis pedis and posterior tibial pulses
-slowed capillary refill (supposed to be less than 3 seconds
-decreased urine output
-can affect brain depends of extent of ischemia
What are some non-modifiable risk factors of impaired perfusion? - Answers -older adults because of
anatomical changes such as sclerosis (hardening of the skin)
-men more at tirsk until women hit menopause (estorgen is gone, and that protects the heart) (men
presented more textbook while women are often overlooked)
, -race (African-Americans can have more severe hypertension and are at higher risk for heart disease)
-genertics, heredity, family history
What are modifiable risk factors of impaired perfusion? - Answers -smoking
-high BP (increases the workload of the heart
-high blood cholesterol (increases risk for coronary artery disease
-physical inactivity (risk of diabetes and atherosclerosis)
-diabetes mellitus (risk of artherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease)
What are the numbers of obesity and overweight? - Answers obesity: BMI of 30 or above
overweight: BMI of 25 or above
What are contributing risk factors of impaired perfusion? - Answers -stress
-alcohol
-diet and nutrition
What does a blood pressure reading tell you? - Answers the systolic number measures the pressure in
your arteries when your heart beats while the diastolic number measures the pressure in your arteries
when your heart rests between beats
What does a chest X-Ray read? - Answers shows the heart, how big it is
What is total cholesterol? - Answers the total amount of cholesterol in your blood, should be less than
200, and needs to be look at because you do not see symptoms and it can be a big risk factor
What is an ECG (electrocardiogram)? - Answers looks at the electrical activity, shows rhythm you are in
and can show only previous MI, not that you are about to have one
What is perfusion? - Answers the cardiovascular and pulmonary systems providing a supply of
oxygenated blood to every cell in the body, and this requires the to generate sufficient cardiac output to
transfer the blood through the body to be distributed in the tissues throughout the body
What does impaired infusion do? - Answers cause tissue damnage such as ischemia or necrossis
What is ischemia? - Answers decrease blood/oxygen supply to a tissue, which can lead to a blockage and
then a ♡ attack
What is necrosis? - Answers tissue death from lack of blood supply
What is central perfusion? - Answers Generated by cardiac output- the amount of blood pumped by the
heart each minute
propels blood to organs and their tissues
systemic
What is a normal cardiac output? - Answers 4-8 L/min
What happens when cardiac output is low? - Answers Thins are not getting enough blood that is needed
to do things such as walking to the bathroom, and will cause your body tow rok harder and be out of
breath
What is tissue perfusion? - Answers Volume of blood that flows through tissues, supplied by blood flow
from arteries to cappilaries, and the amount of blood varies by organs
How do you differentiate tissue perfision? - Answers a clot in the renal artery is tissue perfusion, not the
kidney as a whole is inpaired, the renal artery is interrupting the kidney as a whole
What are some assessment findings of impaired central perfusion? - Answers -hypotension (decreased
blood pressure less than 90/60) and at this level it can affect the blood flow of the organs and people
will start to feel side effects of low blood pressure
-tachycardia (increased heart rate, above 100 bpm)
-change in mental status
-shortness of breath
,-peripheral edema
-change in heart rhythm
-diaphoresis (sweating) or anxiety
What are the S1 and S2 sounds? - Answers Every apical pulse is a combination two sounds, defined as S1
and S2. The S1 is the low-pitched, dull sound ("lub") heard when the tricuspid and mitral valves close as
ventricular filling ends. The S2 is the higher pitched, shorter sound ("dub") heard when the pulmonic and
aortic valves close at the end of ventricular ejection.
What are some assessment findings of impaired tissue perfusion? - Answers -pale, cool skin
-less hair on legs
-diminished dorsalis pedis and posterior tibial pulses
-slowed capillary refill (supposed to be less than 3 seconds
-decreased urine output
-can affect brain depends of extent of ischemia
What are some non-modifiable risk factors of impaired perfusion? - Answers -older adults because of
anatomical changes such as sclerosis (hardening of the skin)
-men more at tirsk until women hit menopause (estorgen is gone, and that protects the heart) (men
presented more textbook while women are often overlooked)
, -race (African-Americans can have more severe hypertension and are at higher risk for heart disease)
-genertics, heredity, family history
What are modifiable risk factors of impaired perfusion? - Answers -smoking
-high BP (increases the workload of the heart
-high blood cholesterol (increases risk for coronary artery disease
-physical inactivity (risk of diabetes and atherosclerosis)
-diabetes mellitus (risk of artherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease)
What are the numbers of obesity and overweight? - Answers obesity: BMI of 30 or above
overweight: BMI of 25 or above
What are contributing risk factors of impaired perfusion? - Answers -stress
-alcohol
-diet and nutrition
What does a blood pressure reading tell you? - Answers the systolic number measures the pressure in
your arteries when your heart beats while the diastolic number measures the pressure in your arteries
when your heart rests between beats
What does a chest X-Ray read? - Answers shows the heart, how big it is
What is total cholesterol? - Answers the total amount of cholesterol in your blood, should be less than
200, and needs to be look at because you do not see symptoms and it can be a big risk factor
What is an ECG (electrocardiogram)? - Answers looks at the electrical activity, shows rhythm you are in
and can show only previous MI, not that you are about to have one
