CCBC-KA Study Prep
What is a functional analysis? - ✔️✔️Is done to test a hypothesis.
Systematic manipulation of environmental contingencies.
Is not always safe to do.
What are setting events? - ✔️✔️Conditions in the environment that are related to the
behaviour appearing.
Can be internal (health) or external factors.
What are observable behaviours? Give an example. - ✔️✔️Behaviours that you can
see. Things a "dead dog" can't do and not labels. Example:jumping
What is a contingency statement? - ✔️✔️Describes the realtionship between
antecedents, behaviour and consequences. If....than.....
What is a functional assessment? - ✔️✔️Is hypothesis generating.
Evaluates history, health, age, breed, nutrition, motivating factors, antecedents etc.
What stimulates behaviour, what maintains behaviour, what can we do?
How do you collect a baseline data of behaviour? - ✔️✔️Observe and collect data over
a set period of time while not interfering.
Four Stages of Learning are? - ✔️✔️1)acquisition 2)fluency 3)generalization
4)maintenance
Define lure - ✔️✔️To bait or draw in using food or object
Define shaping - ✔️✔️Series of steps to build a target behaviour
Define chain(ing) - ✔️✔️serial skill broken down into sub routines which can be seen
as links of a chain
Define mark - ✔️✔️To signify a behaviour as correct
Define capture - ✔️✔️Reward a natural occurring behaviour as correct
Define mold(ing) - ✔️✔️Coercing physically into a desired behaviour/position
Define fade - ✔️✔️Gradual removal of a lure or prompt
,Define prompt - ✔️✔️Antecedent strategy used to evoke a behaviour
Define flooding - ✔️✔️Over whelming exposure to a trigger without them being able to
use fight or flight
Define positive reinforcement and give an example - ✔️✔️Adds a pleasant stimulus to
increase a behaviour.
Treat after a sit
Define negative reinforcement - ✔️✔️Removes aversive stimulus to increase a
behaviour.
Holding a dogs mouth closed until they stop barking. Includes escape and avoidance
Define positive punishment and give an example. - ✔️✔️Adds aversive stimulus to
decrease a behaviour. Leash correction.
Define negative punishment and give an example - ✔️✔️Removes a pleasant stimulus
to decrease a behaviour. Taking a toy away when they play rough.
Escape and active avoidance are apart of what operant learning? - ✔️✔️Negative
reinforcement
what is escape learning and give an example - ✔️✔️Dog is able to escape the aversive
stimulus. Escaping and shock collar stops
What is avoidance learning and give an example. - ✔️✔️Dog avoids the onset of the
aversive stimulus. Not doing a behaviour to prevent a shock from occurring.
Define extinction - ✔️✔️Lack/absence of a reinforcement following a behaviour which
leads to a decrease/disappearing of the behaviour
What is an extinction burst? - ✔️✔️A sudden increase in the rate of behavior during the
early stages of extinction.
Define spontaneous recovery - ✔️✔️the reappearance of an extinguished target
behaviour after it's been extinguished
Define counter conditioning and desensitization - ✔️✔️Training an animal to display a
behaviour that is different than their current one and the process of exposure starting at
low intensity
Define fixed ratio schedule - ✔️✔️reinforcement after a specified number of responses
ex: a treat after every 3rd sit
,Define variable ratio schedule - ✔️✔️Reinforcement after a varying number of
responses.
Ex: treat after 3rd sit, 7th sit etc
Define fixed interval schedule - ✔️✔️Reinforcement after a specific amount of time has
elapsed
ex: Treat after 10 seconds
Define variable interval schedule - ✔️✔️Reinforcement after varying time intervals
ex: treat after 3 seconds, 5 seconds etc
Define deprivation to modify behaviour - ✔️✔️Withholding something to increase the
desire of it.
Ex-withholding food to increase the desire for it later
What is an instinct drift? - ✔️✔️Specie specific appetitive and exploratory behaviours
that spontaneously occur.
What is contrafreeloading? - ✔️✔️When given a choice between provided food and
food that requires effort, the animal chooses the food that takes effort
What is an unconditioned stimulus and give an example - ✔️✔️a stimulus that elicits a
automatic response without the necessity of prior training
Ex:food
What is an unconditioned response and give an example - ✔️✔️a reflexive reaction
that is reliably produced by an unconditioned stimulus
Ex: drooling after seeing food
What are reflexes? - ✔️✔️Unconditioned stimuli and responses
What is a neutral stimulus and give an example - ✔️✔️a stimulus that elicits no
response before conditioning other than focusing attention
Ex: bell or clicker
What is a conditioned stimulus and give an example - ✔️✔️A previously neutral
stimulus that eventually elicits a learned response through training
Ex: bell=food
What is a conditioned response and give an example - ✔️✔️a learned response to a
previously neutral stimulus
Ex:bell=drool
, What is a conditioned reflex? - ✔️✔️Conditioned stimulus and response referred to as
a whole.
What is a conditioned reinforcer/punisher and give an example - ✔️✔️Previously
neutral stimulus paired with a primary reinforcer or punisher and squires
reinforcement/punishment properties.
Ex:yes or ah ah
What is stimulus generalization and response generalization? - ✔️✔️When information
derived from one situation is applied to others that are not exactly the same
Define discriminative stimulus and give an example - ✔️✔️a stimulus that elicits a
response because the behaviour was reliably reinforced. Signals that a contingency is
in effect.
Ex:cues like sit or hand signals
List 4 differences between classical conditioning (respondent) and operant conditioning
(instrumental) - ✔️✔️1)CC is elicited by a stimulus event -vs- OP being emitted without
a stimulus
2)CC is reflexive-vs- OP being goal oriented
3)CC response strength is dependent on the eliciting stimulus-vs- OP is dependent on
the established contingency
4)CC doesn't give the dog control -vs- OP does
What are motivational operations and give an example - ✔️✔️An antecedent, activity,
event etc that strengthen or weakens an outcome.
What are abolishing operations? - ✔️✔️Apart of motivational operations.
Activities/events that reduce the effectiveness of a reward and decrease the occurrence
of responses previously reinforced
Ex:satiation
What are establishing operations? - ✔️✔️Apart of motivational operations.
Activities/events that increase the effectiveness of a reward and increase the
occurrence of responses previously used.
What is antecedent control and give an example - ✔️✔️Manipulation of motivational
states conducive to learning
Ex:Motivational operations, discriminative stimuli, conditioned stimuli
Define differential reinforcement of incompatible behaviour and give an example -
✔️✔️Reinforcing behaviours that are physically incompatible with the problem
behaviour.
Ex:dog only receives reinforcement when they are sitting to greet people vs problem
behaviour being jumping or standing
What is a functional analysis? - ✔️✔️Is done to test a hypothesis.
Systematic manipulation of environmental contingencies.
Is not always safe to do.
What are setting events? - ✔️✔️Conditions in the environment that are related to the
behaviour appearing.
Can be internal (health) or external factors.
What are observable behaviours? Give an example. - ✔️✔️Behaviours that you can
see. Things a "dead dog" can't do and not labels. Example:jumping
What is a contingency statement? - ✔️✔️Describes the realtionship between
antecedents, behaviour and consequences. If....than.....
What is a functional assessment? - ✔️✔️Is hypothesis generating.
Evaluates history, health, age, breed, nutrition, motivating factors, antecedents etc.
What stimulates behaviour, what maintains behaviour, what can we do?
How do you collect a baseline data of behaviour? - ✔️✔️Observe and collect data over
a set period of time while not interfering.
Four Stages of Learning are? - ✔️✔️1)acquisition 2)fluency 3)generalization
4)maintenance
Define lure - ✔️✔️To bait or draw in using food or object
Define shaping - ✔️✔️Series of steps to build a target behaviour
Define chain(ing) - ✔️✔️serial skill broken down into sub routines which can be seen
as links of a chain
Define mark - ✔️✔️To signify a behaviour as correct
Define capture - ✔️✔️Reward a natural occurring behaviour as correct
Define mold(ing) - ✔️✔️Coercing physically into a desired behaviour/position
Define fade - ✔️✔️Gradual removal of a lure or prompt
,Define prompt - ✔️✔️Antecedent strategy used to evoke a behaviour
Define flooding - ✔️✔️Over whelming exposure to a trigger without them being able to
use fight or flight
Define positive reinforcement and give an example - ✔️✔️Adds a pleasant stimulus to
increase a behaviour.
Treat after a sit
Define negative reinforcement - ✔️✔️Removes aversive stimulus to increase a
behaviour.
Holding a dogs mouth closed until they stop barking. Includes escape and avoidance
Define positive punishment and give an example. - ✔️✔️Adds aversive stimulus to
decrease a behaviour. Leash correction.
Define negative punishment and give an example - ✔️✔️Removes a pleasant stimulus
to decrease a behaviour. Taking a toy away when they play rough.
Escape and active avoidance are apart of what operant learning? - ✔️✔️Negative
reinforcement
what is escape learning and give an example - ✔️✔️Dog is able to escape the aversive
stimulus. Escaping and shock collar stops
What is avoidance learning and give an example. - ✔️✔️Dog avoids the onset of the
aversive stimulus. Not doing a behaviour to prevent a shock from occurring.
Define extinction - ✔️✔️Lack/absence of a reinforcement following a behaviour which
leads to a decrease/disappearing of the behaviour
What is an extinction burst? - ✔️✔️A sudden increase in the rate of behavior during the
early stages of extinction.
Define spontaneous recovery - ✔️✔️the reappearance of an extinguished target
behaviour after it's been extinguished
Define counter conditioning and desensitization - ✔️✔️Training an animal to display a
behaviour that is different than their current one and the process of exposure starting at
low intensity
Define fixed ratio schedule - ✔️✔️reinforcement after a specified number of responses
ex: a treat after every 3rd sit
,Define variable ratio schedule - ✔️✔️Reinforcement after a varying number of
responses.
Ex: treat after 3rd sit, 7th sit etc
Define fixed interval schedule - ✔️✔️Reinforcement after a specific amount of time has
elapsed
ex: Treat after 10 seconds
Define variable interval schedule - ✔️✔️Reinforcement after varying time intervals
ex: treat after 3 seconds, 5 seconds etc
Define deprivation to modify behaviour - ✔️✔️Withholding something to increase the
desire of it.
Ex-withholding food to increase the desire for it later
What is an instinct drift? - ✔️✔️Specie specific appetitive and exploratory behaviours
that spontaneously occur.
What is contrafreeloading? - ✔️✔️When given a choice between provided food and
food that requires effort, the animal chooses the food that takes effort
What is an unconditioned stimulus and give an example - ✔️✔️a stimulus that elicits a
automatic response without the necessity of prior training
Ex:food
What is an unconditioned response and give an example - ✔️✔️a reflexive reaction
that is reliably produced by an unconditioned stimulus
Ex: drooling after seeing food
What are reflexes? - ✔️✔️Unconditioned stimuli and responses
What is a neutral stimulus and give an example - ✔️✔️a stimulus that elicits no
response before conditioning other than focusing attention
Ex: bell or clicker
What is a conditioned stimulus and give an example - ✔️✔️A previously neutral
stimulus that eventually elicits a learned response through training
Ex: bell=food
What is a conditioned response and give an example - ✔️✔️a learned response to a
previously neutral stimulus
Ex:bell=drool
, What is a conditioned reflex? - ✔️✔️Conditioned stimulus and response referred to as
a whole.
What is a conditioned reinforcer/punisher and give an example - ✔️✔️Previously
neutral stimulus paired with a primary reinforcer or punisher and squires
reinforcement/punishment properties.
Ex:yes or ah ah
What is stimulus generalization and response generalization? - ✔️✔️When information
derived from one situation is applied to others that are not exactly the same
Define discriminative stimulus and give an example - ✔️✔️a stimulus that elicits a
response because the behaviour was reliably reinforced. Signals that a contingency is
in effect.
Ex:cues like sit or hand signals
List 4 differences between classical conditioning (respondent) and operant conditioning
(instrumental) - ✔️✔️1)CC is elicited by a stimulus event -vs- OP being emitted without
a stimulus
2)CC is reflexive-vs- OP being goal oriented
3)CC response strength is dependent on the eliciting stimulus-vs- OP is dependent on
the established contingency
4)CC doesn't give the dog control -vs- OP does
What are motivational operations and give an example - ✔️✔️An antecedent, activity,
event etc that strengthen or weakens an outcome.
What are abolishing operations? - ✔️✔️Apart of motivational operations.
Activities/events that reduce the effectiveness of a reward and decrease the occurrence
of responses previously reinforced
Ex:satiation
What are establishing operations? - ✔️✔️Apart of motivational operations.
Activities/events that increase the effectiveness of a reward and increase the
occurrence of responses previously used.
What is antecedent control and give an example - ✔️✔️Manipulation of motivational
states conducive to learning
Ex:Motivational operations, discriminative stimuli, conditioned stimuli
Define differential reinforcement of incompatible behaviour and give an example -
✔️✔️Reinforcing behaviours that are physically incompatible with the problem
behaviour.
Ex:dog only receives reinforcement when they are sitting to greet people vs problem
behaviour being jumping or standing
