passive immunity - ANSWER Transfer of performed antibodies against a specific antigen from
protected or immunized individual to an unprotected or non-immunized individual
Examples of passive immunity - ANSWER IgA in breast milk, maternal IgG crossing placenta,
antitoxin, serotherapy (direct injection of antibodies)
Potassium Value normal range( intercellular cation) - ANSWER 3.5-5.0 mEq/L
Sodium value normal range (major cation of extracellular fluid) - ANSWER 135-145 mEq/L
Calcium value normal range - ANSWER 9-11 mg/dL OR 4.5-5.5 mEq/L
Phosphate value normal range - ANSWER 2.5-4.5 mg/dL
Magnesium value normal range - ANSWER 1.5-2.5 mEq/L
Bicarbonate value normal range (second most abundant anion in blood) - ANSWER 23-30 mEq/L
Condition of low potassium < 3.5 mEq/L - ANSWER hypokalemia
Condition of high potassium >5 mEq/L - ANSWER Hyperkalemia
Condition of sodium < 135 mEq/L - ANSWER hyponatremia / hypernatremia
Condition of high sodium>145 mEq/L - ANSWER hypernatremia
, condition of low phosphate < 2.5 mg/dL - ANSWER hypophophatemia
Condition of high phosphate > 4.5 mg/dL - ANSWER Hyperphosphatemia
Condition of low chloride <96 mEq/L - ANSWER hypochloremia
Condition of high chloride > 106 mEq/L - ANSWER Hyperchloremia
Condition of low magnesium <1.5 mEq/L - ANSWER hypomagnesemia
Condition of high magnesium >2.5 mEq/L - ANSWER Hypermagesemia
condition of low calcium< 9mg/dL - ANSWER hypocalcemia
condition of high calcium > 11mg/dL - ANSWER hypercalcemia
Pathophysiology - ANSWER the study of abnormalities in physiologic functioning of living beings
Pathology - ANSWER the study and diagnosis of disease through examination of organs, tissues,
cells, and bodily fluids
Etiology - ANSWER The study of the causes and origins of disease
4 topics of pathophysiology - ANSWER etiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, treatment
protected or immunized individual to an unprotected or non-immunized individual
Examples of passive immunity - ANSWER IgA in breast milk, maternal IgG crossing placenta,
antitoxin, serotherapy (direct injection of antibodies)
Potassium Value normal range( intercellular cation) - ANSWER 3.5-5.0 mEq/L
Sodium value normal range (major cation of extracellular fluid) - ANSWER 135-145 mEq/L
Calcium value normal range - ANSWER 9-11 mg/dL OR 4.5-5.5 mEq/L
Phosphate value normal range - ANSWER 2.5-4.5 mg/dL
Magnesium value normal range - ANSWER 1.5-2.5 mEq/L
Bicarbonate value normal range (second most abundant anion in blood) - ANSWER 23-30 mEq/L
Condition of low potassium < 3.5 mEq/L - ANSWER hypokalemia
Condition of high potassium >5 mEq/L - ANSWER Hyperkalemia
Condition of sodium < 135 mEq/L - ANSWER hyponatremia / hypernatremia
Condition of high sodium>145 mEq/L - ANSWER hypernatremia
, condition of low phosphate < 2.5 mg/dL - ANSWER hypophophatemia
Condition of high phosphate > 4.5 mg/dL - ANSWER Hyperphosphatemia
Condition of low chloride <96 mEq/L - ANSWER hypochloremia
Condition of high chloride > 106 mEq/L - ANSWER Hyperchloremia
Condition of low magnesium <1.5 mEq/L - ANSWER hypomagnesemia
Condition of high magnesium >2.5 mEq/L - ANSWER Hypermagesemia
condition of low calcium< 9mg/dL - ANSWER hypocalcemia
condition of high calcium > 11mg/dL - ANSWER hypercalcemia
Pathophysiology - ANSWER the study of abnormalities in physiologic functioning of living beings
Pathology - ANSWER the study and diagnosis of disease through examination of organs, tissues,
cells, and bodily fluids
Etiology - ANSWER The study of the causes and origins of disease
4 topics of pathophysiology - ANSWER etiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, treatment
