Maryville University NURS615 Pharmacology Exam 4

Maryville University NURS615
Pharmacology Exam 4

WhatAareAexamplesAofAinhaledAShort-actingABetaAAgonists?A(SABAs)A-
AANSWERAAlbuterolAandAlevabuterol




WhatAisAtheAMOAAofAinhaledAbetaAagonists?A-
AANSWERAToArelaxAairwayAsmoothAmuscleAbyAincreasingAcyclicAcAMP;AdilationAandAopeningAofAairwa
y



WhatAisAtheAuseAofAinhaledAbetaAagonists?A-
AANSWERAUsedAinAbronchospasmAassociatedAwith:Aasthma,Abronchitis,AandACOPD




WhenAareASABAsAusedA(albuterolAandAlevabuterol)?A-AANSWERAForAreliefAofAACUTEAasthmaAattacks



IsAalbuterolAapprovedAinAchildrenAunderA4?A-AANSWERAYes.



HowAdoAbeta-2AagonistsAaffectAcalcium?A-
AANSWERATheyAopenAlargeAconductionsAinAcalciumAactivatedApotassiumAchannelsA=AhyperpolarizedA
airwayAsmoothAmuscleAcells



1.AdecreasedAintracellularAcalcium

2.AincreasedApotassiumAconcentration

3.AdecreasedAmyocleynaseAactivityA=AsmoothAmuscleArelaxationAandAbronchodilation



WhatAareAexamplesAofAlong-actingAbetaAagonistsA(LABAs)?A-AANSWERAsalmetrolAandAformoterol

,WhatAareALABAsA(salmeterolAandAformoterol)AusedAfor?A-
AANSWERAUsedAforAPREVENTIONAorAlongAtermAtreatmentAofAasthma




NOTAforAacuteAattacks;AnotAfirstAlineAtreatment



CANNOTAbeAusedAalone



WhatApopulationAshouldALABAsANOTAbeAprescribedAin?A-AANSWERAAfricanAAmericans



WhatAisAspecialAaboutAtheAbetaA2AadrenergicAreceptorAgene?A-
AANSWERAThisAgeneAcausesALABAsAtoAworsenAasthmaAcontrol




WhoAisAmoreAlikelyAtoAhaveAtheAbetaA2AadrenergicAreceptorAgene?A-
AANSWERAAfricanAAmericans;AthisAgenotypeAisApresentAinA1/6thAofAtheAU.S.Apopulation




HowAdoesAtheAbetaA2AadrenergicAreceptorAgeneAcauseAworseningAasthmaAcontrolAwhenALABAsAareA
taken?A-
AANSWERAAsthmaticsAwithAthisAgeneAareAatAriskAforAdecreasedAairflowAandAworseningAasthmaAcontr
ol



WhatAareAadverseAeffectsAofAinhaledAbetaAagonists?A-AANSWERATachycardiaAandAtremors



WhatAisAtheAabsorptionAofAinhaledAbetaAagonists?A-AANSWERAVeryAlittleAsystemicAabsorption



WhatAareAexamplesAofAanticholinergics/antimuscarinicsAinAmaintenanceAtherapyAofACOPD?A-
AANSWERAipatropriumA(Atrovent)AandAtiotropriumA(Spiriva)




WhatAisAtheAMOAAofAanticholinergicsA(ipatropriumAandAtiotroprium)?A-
AANSWERATheyAblockAmuscarinicAreceptorsAdecreasingAtheAformationAofAcAMP

,CAUSESABRONCHODILATIONABY:A

1.AdecreasingAsmoothAmuscleAcontractionAofAlungsA(mainlyAonAM3Areceptors)

2.AdecreasesAmucousAsecretion



WhatAareAipatropriumAandAtiotropriumAusedAfor?A-AANSWERAMaintenanceAofACOPD



WhatAisAtiotropriumA(Spiriva)?A-AANSWERALONG-
ACTINGAbronchodilatorAforACOPD;AbetterAabsorbedAfromAlungAthanAipatropriumA(Atrovent)



WhatAisAipotropriumA(Atrovent)?A-AANSWERASHORT-ACTINGAbronchodilatorAforACOPD



WhatAbronchodilatorAisAtheAbestAchoiceAinApatientsAtakingApropranolol?A-
AANSWERAIpatropriumA(Atrovent)




WhatAareAtheAadverseAeffectsAofAipatropriumAandAtiotroprium?A-AANSWERAAnticholinergicA--
Acan'tAsee,Acan'tApee,Acan'tAspit,Acan'tAshit




WhatAareAexamplesAofAinhaledAcorticosteroids?A-
AANSWERAfluticasoneA(Flonase),AbudesonideA(Pulmicort),AbeclomethasoneAdiproprionateA(QVAR)




WhatAareAinhaledAcorticosteroidsAusedAfor?A-AANSWERALong-
termAtreatmentAofAasthmaA(severe,ApersistentAasthma);AtakenAeveryday



WhatAisAtheAabsorptionAofAinhaledAcorticosteroids?A-
AANSWERARapidAabsorptionAfromAlungAtissues;AgreaterAwithAuseAofAspacer

, WhatAeffectsAdoAinhaledAcorticosteroidsAhave?A-AANSWERAAnti-
inflammatoryAandAvasoconstrictorAeffectsA



HighlyAselectiveAagonistsAatAtheAglucocorticoidAreceptorAandAsomeAactivityAatAandrogen,Aestrogen,Aa
ndAcorticoidAreceptors



WhatAisAtheAMOAAofAinhaledAcorticosteroids?A-
AANSWERAINHIBITSAmastAcellAmigrationAtoAbronchialAtissues




WhatAisAtheAbioavailabilityAofAinhaledAcorticosteroids?A-
AANSWERALowAsystemicAbioavailability;AtheyAproduceAaAtopicalAeffectAonAtheAlungAwithoutAsignifican
tAsystemicAeffects



WhatAareAadverseAeffectsAofAinhaledAcorticosteroids?A-AANSWERA1.ACoughAuponAinhalation

2.AOralAcanadiasis/whiteAcoating--ApreventedAbyArinsingAmouthAwithAwaterAafterAinhalerAuse

3.ARareAallergicAreactions

4.ABurningAsmallAofAplastic,AunpleasantAtaste,AhoarsenessAorAnasalAcongestion,Apain,AHA,AorAvisualAc
hanges



HowAareAinhaledAcorticosteroidsAtoAbeAusedAandAtaken?A-
AANSWERAUsedAforAPREVENTIONAofAasthmaAexacerbationsA




ShouldAbeAtakenAtwiceAaAday,AeveryAday



WhatAisAtheAcorrectAorderAofAuseAofAcorticosteroidAandAbronchodilator?A-
AANSWERABRONCHODILATORAshouldAbeAusedAFIRSTAthenAinhaledAcorticosteroid




WhatAareAexamplesAofAmastAcellAstabilizersA(inhaledAanti-inflammatoryAagents)?A-
AANSWERACromolyn,Anedocromil