Anatomy & Regional Anesthesia: Questions And
Correct Answers
Absorption of local anesthetics mnemonic Right Ans - ICEBALLS:
intercostal > caudal > epidural > brachial plexus > axillary > LE > SQ
Anterior cardiac vein runs with Right Ans - RCA
Apocrine versus eccrine sweat gland innervation Right Ans - Both are
sympathetic nervous system; but apocrine uses adrenergic receptors; eccrine
has muscarinic receptors (cholinergic)
Axillary nerve block will miss what part of arm? Right Ans - lateral forearm
and biceps (musculocutaneous nerve)
Axillary Nerves blocked Right Ans - Branches - radial, medial, ulnar, Medial
cutaneous nerves (NO axillary)
Carotid body versus carotid sinus Right Ans - Carotid body chemoreceptor
responds to blood pO2 and pCO2 but carotid sinus mechanoreceptor has sinus
n of Hering and increases sympathetic response
Carotid sinus response Right Ans - Sinus n of Hering (IX), senses increased
output and activates parasympathetic activity leading to decreased HR and BP
Caudal anesthesia landmarks Right Ans - PSIS and sacral hiatus
Cough reflex Right Ans - Glossopharyngeal nerve, recurrent laryngeal
nerve
Injury to unilateral external SLN Right Ans - hoarseness and tired voice
Injury to unilateral internal superior laryngeal nerve Right Ans - decreased
sensation above glottis
bilateral partial recurrent laryngeal nerve injury Right Ans - stridor,
respiratory distress, complete obstruction & hypoxia 2/2 unopposed
adduction
, bilateral complete recurrent laryngeal nerve injury (transection) Right Ans
- aphonia, aspiration, can move air d/t stuck in paramedian position
hypocalcemia EKG change Right Ans - prolonged QTc
external superior laryngeal nerve provides Right Ans - motor cricothyroid
muscle
Fascia Iliaca coverage Right Ans - anterior hip, lateral/anterior/medial
thigh and knee
Femoral coverage Right Ans - anterior thigh, anterior/ medial knee, medial
lower leg to ankle; causes QUAD weakness!
foot eversion/ dorsiflexion nerve Right Ans - common peroneal
foot inversion/ plantar flexion Right Ans - tibial nerve
great cardiac vein runs with Right Ans - LAD
high sciatic coverage Right Ans - posterior thigh and knee, all of leg below
knee except medial strip
How long to wait after once daily enoxaparin for DVT ppx? Right Ans - 12
hrs
How long to wait after twice daily enox/ therapeutic dose Right Ans - 24 hr
How much blood flow does the body compartments receive? Right Ans -
Vessel rich (75%); muscle (20%); fat group (6%); vessel poor (minimal)
how to increase accuracy of nerve stimulator? Right Ans - use insulated
needle (charge from tip only); use a short duration stimulus; connect cathode
(black) to needle; use square wave needle (prevents acomodation)
Hypoglossal nerve innervates Right Ans - Muscles of the tongue
Correct Answers
Absorption of local anesthetics mnemonic Right Ans - ICEBALLS:
intercostal > caudal > epidural > brachial plexus > axillary > LE > SQ
Anterior cardiac vein runs with Right Ans - RCA
Apocrine versus eccrine sweat gland innervation Right Ans - Both are
sympathetic nervous system; but apocrine uses adrenergic receptors; eccrine
has muscarinic receptors (cholinergic)
Axillary nerve block will miss what part of arm? Right Ans - lateral forearm
and biceps (musculocutaneous nerve)
Axillary Nerves blocked Right Ans - Branches - radial, medial, ulnar, Medial
cutaneous nerves (NO axillary)
Carotid body versus carotid sinus Right Ans - Carotid body chemoreceptor
responds to blood pO2 and pCO2 but carotid sinus mechanoreceptor has sinus
n of Hering and increases sympathetic response
Carotid sinus response Right Ans - Sinus n of Hering (IX), senses increased
output and activates parasympathetic activity leading to decreased HR and BP
Caudal anesthesia landmarks Right Ans - PSIS and sacral hiatus
Cough reflex Right Ans - Glossopharyngeal nerve, recurrent laryngeal
nerve
Injury to unilateral external SLN Right Ans - hoarseness and tired voice
Injury to unilateral internal superior laryngeal nerve Right Ans - decreased
sensation above glottis
bilateral partial recurrent laryngeal nerve injury Right Ans - stridor,
respiratory distress, complete obstruction & hypoxia 2/2 unopposed
adduction
, bilateral complete recurrent laryngeal nerve injury (transection) Right Ans
- aphonia, aspiration, can move air d/t stuck in paramedian position
hypocalcemia EKG change Right Ans - prolonged QTc
external superior laryngeal nerve provides Right Ans - motor cricothyroid
muscle
Fascia Iliaca coverage Right Ans - anterior hip, lateral/anterior/medial
thigh and knee
Femoral coverage Right Ans - anterior thigh, anterior/ medial knee, medial
lower leg to ankle; causes QUAD weakness!
foot eversion/ dorsiflexion nerve Right Ans - common peroneal
foot inversion/ plantar flexion Right Ans - tibial nerve
great cardiac vein runs with Right Ans - LAD
high sciatic coverage Right Ans - posterior thigh and knee, all of leg below
knee except medial strip
How long to wait after once daily enoxaparin for DVT ppx? Right Ans - 12
hrs
How long to wait after twice daily enox/ therapeutic dose Right Ans - 24 hr
How much blood flow does the body compartments receive? Right Ans -
Vessel rich (75%); muscle (20%); fat group (6%); vessel poor (minimal)
how to increase accuracy of nerve stimulator? Right Ans - use insulated
needle (charge from tip only); use a short duration stimulus; connect cathode
(black) to needle; use square wave needle (prevents acomodation)
Hypoglossal nerve innervates Right Ans - Muscles of the tongue
