NUR 307
Pharmacology
Comprehensive Finals Review (Qns & Ans)
2025
1. Which of the following is the primary mechanism of action
for beta-blockers?
- A. Inhibiting calcium channels
- B. Blocking adrenergic receptors
- C. Increasing dopamine levels
- D. Enhancing GABA activity
- ANS: B. Blocking adrenergic receptors
- Rationale: Beta-blockers work by blocking adrenergic
receptors, which reduces heart rate and blood pressure.
©2024/2025
,2. What is the main therapeutic use of ACE inhibitors?
- A. Treating asthma
- B. Managing hypertension
- C. Reducing cholesterol levels
- D. Treating diabetes
- ANS: B. Managing hypertension
- Rationale: ACE inhibitors are primarily used to manage
hypertension by relaxing blood vessels and reducing blood
pressure.
3. Which of the following best describes the concept of "first-
pass metabolism"?
- A. The initial distribution of a drug in the body
- B. The rapid elimination of a drug from the body
- C. The metabolism of a drug in the liver before it reaches
systemic circulation
- D. The binding of a drug to plasma proteins
- ANS: C. The metabolism of a drug in the liver before it
reaches systemic circulation
- Rationale: First-pass metabolism refers to the process by
which a drug is metabolized in the liver before it enters the
systemic circulation, reducing its bioavailability.
©2024/2025
,4. What is the primary function of diuretics in pharmacology?
- A. Increasing urine output
- B. Reducing inflammation
- C. Enhancing immune response
- D. Lowering blood glucose levels
- ANS: A. Increasing urine output
- Rationale: Diuretics increase urine output, which helps
reduce fluid retention and lower blood pressure.
5. Which of the following is a common side effect of opioid
analgesics?
- A. Hypertension
- B. Constipation
- C. Increased appetite
- D. Diarrhea
- ANS: B. Constipation
- Rationale: Opioid analgesics commonly cause constipation
due to their effects on the gastrointestinal tract.
Fill-in-the-Blank Questions
©2024/2025
, 6. The ________ is the time it takes for the concentration of a
drug in the blood to decrease by half.
- ANS: half-life
- Rationale: The half-life of a drug is the time required for its
concentration in the blood to decrease by 50%, which influences
dosing intervals.
7. ________ is the process by which a drug is absorbed,
distributed, metabolized, and excreted from the body.
- ANS: Pharmacokinetics
- Rationale: Pharmacokinetics describes the movement of a
drug through the body, including absorption, distribution,
metabolism, and excretion.
8. The ________ is the maximum concentration of a drug in the
blood after administration.
- ANS: peak plasma concentration
- Rationale: Peak plasma concentration is the highest
concentration of a drug in the blood after administration,
indicating the drug's maximum effect.
9. ________ is the study of the biochemical and physiological
effects of drugs on the body.
- ANS: Pharmacodynamics
©2024/2025
Pharmacology
Comprehensive Finals Review (Qns & Ans)
2025
1. Which of the following is the primary mechanism of action
for beta-blockers?
- A. Inhibiting calcium channels
- B. Blocking adrenergic receptors
- C. Increasing dopamine levels
- D. Enhancing GABA activity
- ANS: B. Blocking adrenergic receptors
- Rationale: Beta-blockers work by blocking adrenergic
receptors, which reduces heart rate and blood pressure.
©2024/2025
,2. What is the main therapeutic use of ACE inhibitors?
- A. Treating asthma
- B. Managing hypertension
- C. Reducing cholesterol levels
- D. Treating diabetes
- ANS: B. Managing hypertension
- Rationale: ACE inhibitors are primarily used to manage
hypertension by relaxing blood vessels and reducing blood
pressure.
3. Which of the following best describes the concept of "first-
pass metabolism"?
- A. The initial distribution of a drug in the body
- B. The rapid elimination of a drug from the body
- C. The metabolism of a drug in the liver before it reaches
systemic circulation
- D. The binding of a drug to plasma proteins
- ANS: C. The metabolism of a drug in the liver before it
reaches systemic circulation
- Rationale: First-pass metabolism refers to the process by
which a drug is metabolized in the liver before it enters the
systemic circulation, reducing its bioavailability.
©2024/2025
,4. What is the primary function of diuretics in pharmacology?
- A. Increasing urine output
- B. Reducing inflammation
- C. Enhancing immune response
- D. Lowering blood glucose levels
- ANS: A. Increasing urine output
- Rationale: Diuretics increase urine output, which helps
reduce fluid retention and lower blood pressure.
5. Which of the following is a common side effect of opioid
analgesics?
- A. Hypertension
- B. Constipation
- C. Increased appetite
- D. Diarrhea
- ANS: B. Constipation
- Rationale: Opioid analgesics commonly cause constipation
due to their effects on the gastrointestinal tract.
Fill-in-the-Blank Questions
©2024/2025
, 6. The ________ is the time it takes for the concentration of a
drug in the blood to decrease by half.
- ANS: half-life
- Rationale: The half-life of a drug is the time required for its
concentration in the blood to decrease by 50%, which influences
dosing intervals.
7. ________ is the process by which a drug is absorbed,
distributed, metabolized, and excreted from the body.
- ANS: Pharmacokinetics
- Rationale: Pharmacokinetics describes the movement of a
drug through the body, including absorption, distribution,
metabolism, and excretion.
8. The ________ is the maximum concentration of a drug in the
blood after administration.
- ANS: peak plasma concentration
- Rationale: Peak plasma concentration is the highest
concentration of a drug in the blood after administration,
indicating the drug's maximum effect.
9. ________ is the study of the biochemical and physiological
effects of drugs on the body.
- ANS: Pharmacodynamics
©2024/2025
