NUR176 Test 2
Malignant Hypertension - ANS severe and rapid high blood pressure that can damage internal organs
>180/120, African American Males
#1 Tx: Get the blood pressure down
Immediate tx: IV nitrates
S/S Vision changes, nosebleeds, headaches
What would we educate a DM patient to do to reduce risk of PVD? - ANS Stop smoking, low carb diet,
controlled A1c levels
What is MONA? - ANS Morphine
Oxygen
Nitroglycerin (vasodilator)
Aspirin
Tx for MI
Can also add L- Lopressor or Lisinopril
What does aspirin do? - ANS inhibits platelet aggregation
What is a EKG? - ANS electrocardiogram, measures electrical activity of the heart
looks at the heart rhythm and looks for abnormalities
What is the first emergent care for chest pain? - ANS EKG then meds
, Pernicious anemia - ANS lack of mature erythrocytes caused by inability to absorb vitamin B12 into the
bloodstream
Causes: congenital defect, trauma, gastric bypass, gastric cancer
Tx: B12 injections (sometimes sublingual) forever
Sickle cell anemia? - ANS a genetic disorder that causes abnormal hemoglobin, resulting in some red
blood cells assuming an abnormal sickle shape
Higher in African American Women
sickle cell treatment - ANS HHOP (heat, hydration, oxygen, pain medications)
push fluids, give blood thinners
Bone marrow transplant or stem cell transplant is the only cure
Sickle cell signs and symptoms - ANS Easy fatigue, loss of energy, Unusually rapid heartbeat (most
common with exercise), SOB with headache, Difficulty concentrating, Dizziness, Pale skin, Leg cramps,
Insomnia, RR- Normal to rapid, P- weak and rapid, BP- Low, P/C/C
DIC - ANS disseminated intravascular coagulation
clotting followed by bleeding (going on at the same time)
Tx: give platelets or PRBC
Pulmonary edema - ANS accumulation of fluid in the lungs
Drowning, cardiac, med or trauma induced, can also be caused by a DVT
S/S: SOB, sharp chest pain on inhalation, drop in O2 sat
Pulmonary edema treatment - ANS Get chest x-ray
Give: Lasix, morphine, Nitro, O2
Malignant Hypertension - ANS severe and rapid high blood pressure that can damage internal organs
>180/120, African American Males
#1 Tx: Get the blood pressure down
Immediate tx: IV nitrates
S/S Vision changes, nosebleeds, headaches
What would we educate a DM patient to do to reduce risk of PVD? - ANS Stop smoking, low carb diet,
controlled A1c levels
What is MONA? - ANS Morphine
Oxygen
Nitroglycerin (vasodilator)
Aspirin
Tx for MI
Can also add L- Lopressor or Lisinopril
What does aspirin do? - ANS inhibits platelet aggregation
What is a EKG? - ANS electrocardiogram, measures electrical activity of the heart
looks at the heart rhythm and looks for abnormalities
What is the first emergent care for chest pain? - ANS EKG then meds
, Pernicious anemia - ANS lack of mature erythrocytes caused by inability to absorb vitamin B12 into the
bloodstream
Causes: congenital defect, trauma, gastric bypass, gastric cancer
Tx: B12 injections (sometimes sublingual) forever
Sickle cell anemia? - ANS a genetic disorder that causes abnormal hemoglobin, resulting in some red
blood cells assuming an abnormal sickle shape
Higher in African American Women
sickle cell treatment - ANS HHOP (heat, hydration, oxygen, pain medications)
push fluids, give blood thinners
Bone marrow transplant or stem cell transplant is the only cure
Sickle cell signs and symptoms - ANS Easy fatigue, loss of energy, Unusually rapid heartbeat (most
common with exercise), SOB with headache, Difficulty concentrating, Dizziness, Pale skin, Leg cramps,
Insomnia, RR- Normal to rapid, P- weak and rapid, BP- Low, P/C/C
DIC - ANS disseminated intravascular coagulation
clotting followed by bleeding (going on at the same time)
Tx: give platelets or PRBC
Pulmonary edema - ANS accumulation of fluid in the lungs
Drowning, cardiac, med or trauma induced, can also be caused by a DVT
S/S: SOB, sharp chest pain on inhalation, drop in O2 sat
Pulmonary edema treatment - ANS Get chest x-ray
Give: Lasix, morphine, Nitro, O2
