Test Bank For Concepts of Genetics 12th Edition
Chapter 1 Introduction to Genetics
Chapter 1 Introduction to Genetics
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1) In the 1600s, William Harvey studied reproduction and development. What is the term given to the theory that states
that an organism develops from the fertilized egg by a succession of developmental events that lead to an adult? 1)
_______
A) epigenesis
B) preformation
C) equational transformation
D) transduction
E) sequential pattern formation
2) What is the term given to the theory that states that the fertilized egg contains a complete miniature adult? 2)
_______
A) cell theory
B) preformation
C) conjugation
D) transduction
E) transformation
3) What is the term given to the theory that put forth the idea that living organisms could arise by incubating nonliving
components? 3) _______
A) spontaneous generation
B) collective combination
C) evolution
D) natural selection
E) preformation
4) What is a homunculus? 4) _______
A) a large cyst or growth on a plant due to viral infection
B) a sperm or egg containing a miniature adult, perfect in size and proportion
C) when the mitochondrion grows in size before splitting into two via fission
D) during development sometimes a growing individual's cell can become mutated and one part of the child has different
characteristics than the other
E) the intermediate stage of the DNA after CRISPR-Cas treatment
5) Who, along with Alfred Wallace, formulated the theory of natural selection? 5) _______
A) Charles Darwin
B) Gregor Mendel
C) William Harvey
D) Louis Pasteur
E) James Watson
1
,Test Bank For Concepts of Genetics 12th Edition
Chapter 1 Introduction to Genetics
6) Who was the Augustinian monk that conducted a decade of experiments on the garden pea, eventually showing that
traits are passed from parents to offspring in predictable ways? 6) _______
A) Francis Crick
B) Alfred Wallace
C) Hippocrates
D) Gregor Mendel
E) Aristotle
7) In many species, there are two representatives of each chromosome. In such species, the characteristic number of
chromosomes is called the ________ number. It is usually symbolized as ________. 7) _______
A) monoploid; n
B) haploid; n
C) diploid; n
D) haploid; 2n
E) diploid; 2n
8) Genetics is the study of ________. 8) _______
A) replication and recombination
B) transcription and translation
C) diploid and haploid
D) inheritance and variation
E) mutation and recession
9) Early in the twentieth century, Walter Sutton and Theodor Boveri noted that the behavior of chromosomes during
meiosis is identical to the behavior of genes during gamete formation. They proposed that genes are carried on
chromosomes, which led to the basis of the ________. 9) _______
A) Chromosomal Maintenance Theory
B) Law of Segregation
C) Chromosome Theory of Inheritance
D) First Law of Thermodynamics
E) Law of Independent Assortment
10) What is a mutation? 10) ______
A) an inherited change in a DNA sequence
B) an inherited change in DNA sequences that is the source of all genetic variation
C) the source of all genetic variation
D) an inherited changed in DNA sequence that is always bad for an organism
E) a change in DNA that leads to death
11) Which of the following is TRUE about alleles? 11) ______
A) The phenotype of the individual will always indicate with certainty the alleles of the individual.
2
,Test Bank For Concepts of Genetics 12th Edition
Chapter 1 Introduction to Genetics
B) Alleles come in two forms, the good form and the bad form.
C) An individual will only carry one version of an allele.
D) Individuals carry both forms of each allele.
E) An allele is a variant form of a gene.
12) Until the mid-1940s, many scientists considered proteins to be the likely candidates for the genetic material. Which of
the following characteristics led scientist to believe DNA was NOT the genetic material? 12) ______
A) DNA is less abundant than protein and DNA has less variation than protein.
B) DNA has less variation than protein.
C) DNA is more stable than protein.
D) Protein can fold into may shapes.
E) DNA is less abundant than protein.
13) Name the individual who, while working with the garden pea in the mid-1850s, demonstrated quantitative patterns of
heredity and developed a theory involving the behavior of hereditary factors. 13) ______
A) Gregor Mendel
B) George Wallace
C) Theodor Boveri
D) Walter Sutton
E) Barbara McClintock
14) Which of the following is the subdiscipline of biology concerned with the study of heredity and variation at the
molecular, cellular, developmental, organismal, and populational levels? 14) ______
A) molecular biology
B) genetics
C) biochemistry
D) cell biology
E) cytogenetics
15) Which of the following is an example of natural selection? 15) ______
A) human beings develop freckles from being out in the sun
B) a bird's beak is able to effectively crack the seeds it encounters
C) bacteria can be effectively killed by treatment with bleach
D) depending on the food a turtle eats, it shell may grow faster or slower
E) sometime during human's life they break a bone and it heals
16) What term is used to describe the fact that different genes in an organism often provide differences in observable
features? 16) ______
A) alleles
B) genotype
C) phenotype
3
, Test Bank For Concepts of Genetics 12th Edition
Chapter 1 Introduction to Genetics
D) inheritance
E) natural selection
17) Which of the following is an example of heredity? 17) ______
A) Both moths and birds have wings and can fly.
B) Doberman pinschers and boxers have similar body shapes.
C) Dalmation dogs all have spots.
D) Flying squirrels have a different mechanism of flight than mosquitos.
E) Flies and molluscs both have eyes.
18) Which of the following is NOT an example of variation? 18) ______
A) a child does not have her mother's hair color
B) both monocotyledons and dicotyledons perform the dark reaction
C) cats can have long or short fur
D) giraffes have not been seen in an albino form
E) lobsters can come in many colors including blue, read, and brown
19) What would happen if, during meiosis, the chromosome number was not halved before egg and sperm formation?
19) ______
A) the spindle would be compromised
B) each offspring would have different phenotypes than their parents
C) in each successive generation, the offspring would double their chromosome number
D) n would become halved
E) nothing
20) Alternative forms of a gene are called ________. 20) ______
A) mutants
B) meiotic products
C) alleles
D) phenotypes
E) genotypes
21) The various characteristics of organisms that result from their genetic makeup are collectively referred to as an
organism's ________. 21) ______
A) genotype
B) proteome
C) alleles
D) phenotype
E) genome
22) Name the substance that serves as the hereditary material in eukaryotes and prokaryotes. 22) ______
A) protein
B) RNA or ribonucleic acid
4
Chapter 1 Introduction to Genetics
Chapter 1 Introduction to Genetics
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1) In the 1600s, William Harvey studied reproduction and development. What is the term given to the theory that states
that an organism develops from the fertilized egg by a succession of developmental events that lead to an adult? 1)
_______
A) epigenesis
B) preformation
C) equational transformation
D) transduction
E) sequential pattern formation
2) What is the term given to the theory that states that the fertilized egg contains a complete miniature adult? 2)
_______
A) cell theory
B) preformation
C) conjugation
D) transduction
E) transformation
3) What is the term given to the theory that put forth the idea that living organisms could arise by incubating nonliving
components? 3) _______
A) spontaneous generation
B) collective combination
C) evolution
D) natural selection
E) preformation
4) What is a homunculus? 4) _______
A) a large cyst or growth on a plant due to viral infection
B) a sperm or egg containing a miniature adult, perfect in size and proportion
C) when the mitochondrion grows in size before splitting into two via fission
D) during development sometimes a growing individual's cell can become mutated and one part of the child has different
characteristics than the other
E) the intermediate stage of the DNA after CRISPR-Cas treatment
5) Who, along with Alfred Wallace, formulated the theory of natural selection? 5) _______
A) Charles Darwin
B) Gregor Mendel
C) William Harvey
D) Louis Pasteur
E) James Watson
1
,Test Bank For Concepts of Genetics 12th Edition
Chapter 1 Introduction to Genetics
6) Who was the Augustinian monk that conducted a decade of experiments on the garden pea, eventually showing that
traits are passed from parents to offspring in predictable ways? 6) _______
A) Francis Crick
B) Alfred Wallace
C) Hippocrates
D) Gregor Mendel
E) Aristotle
7) In many species, there are two representatives of each chromosome. In such species, the characteristic number of
chromosomes is called the ________ number. It is usually symbolized as ________. 7) _______
A) monoploid; n
B) haploid; n
C) diploid; n
D) haploid; 2n
E) diploid; 2n
8) Genetics is the study of ________. 8) _______
A) replication and recombination
B) transcription and translation
C) diploid and haploid
D) inheritance and variation
E) mutation and recession
9) Early in the twentieth century, Walter Sutton and Theodor Boveri noted that the behavior of chromosomes during
meiosis is identical to the behavior of genes during gamete formation. They proposed that genes are carried on
chromosomes, which led to the basis of the ________. 9) _______
A) Chromosomal Maintenance Theory
B) Law of Segregation
C) Chromosome Theory of Inheritance
D) First Law of Thermodynamics
E) Law of Independent Assortment
10) What is a mutation? 10) ______
A) an inherited change in a DNA sequence
B) an inherited change in DNA sequences that is the source of all genetic variation
C) the source of all genetic variation
D) an inherited changed in DNA sequence that is always bad for an organism
E) a change in DNA that leads to death
11) Which of the following is TRUE about alleles? 11) ______
A) The phenotype of the individual will always indicate with certainty the alleles of the individual.
2
,Test Bank For Concepts of Genetics 12th Edition
Chapter 1 Introduction to Genetics
B) Alleles come in two forms, the good form and the bad form.
C) An individual will only carry one version of an allele.
D) Individuals carry both forms of each allele.
E) An allele is a variant form of a gene.
12) Until the mid-1940s, many scientists considered proteins to be the likely candidates for the genetic material. Which of
the following characteristics led scientist to believe DNA was NOT the genetic material? 12) ______
A) DNA is less abundant than protein and DNA has less variation than protein.
B) DNA has less variation than protein.
C) DNA is more stable than protein.
D) Protein can fold into may shapes.
E) DNA is less abundant than protein.
13) Name the individual who, while working with the garden pea in the mid-1850s, demonstrated quantitative patterns of
heredity and developed a theory involving the behavior of hereditary factors. 13) ______
A) Gregor Mendel
B) George Wallace
C) Theodor Boveri
D) Walter Sutton
E) Barbara McClintock
14) Which of the following is the subdiscipline of biology concerned with the study of heredity and variation at the
molecular, cellular, developmental, organismal, and populational levels? 14) ______
A) molecular biology
B) genetics
C) biochemistry
D) cell biology
E) cytogenetics
15) Which of the following is an example of natural selection? 15) ______
A) human beings develop freckles from being out in the sun
B) a bird's beak is able to effectively crack the seeds it encounters
C) bacteria can be effectively killed by treatment with bleach
D) depending on the food a turtle eats, it shell may grow faster or slower
E) sometime during human's life they break a bone and it heals
16) What term is used to describe the fact that different genes in an organism often provide differences in observable
features? 16) ______
A) alleles
B) genotype
C) phenotype
3
, Test Bank For Concepts of Genetics 12th Edition
Chapter 1 Introduction to Genetics
D) inheritance
E) natural selection
17) Which of the following is an example of heredity? 17) ______
A) Both moths and birds have wings and can fly.
B) Doberman pinschers and boxers have similar body shapes.
C) Dalmation dogs all have spots.
D) Flying squirrels have a different mechanism of flight than mosquitos.
E) Flies and molluscs both have eyes.
18) Which of the following is NOT an example of variation? 18) ______
A) a child does not have her mother's hair color
B) both monocotyledons and dicotyledons perform the dark reaction
C) cats can have long or short fur
D) giraffes have not been seen in an albino form
E) lobsters can come in many colors including blue, read, and brown
19) What would happen if, during meiosis, the chromosome number was not halved before egg and sperm formation?
19) ______
A) the spindle would be compromised
B) each offspring would have different phenotypes than their parents
C) in each successive generation, the offspring would double their chromosome number
D) n would become halved
E) nothing
20) Alternative forms of a gene are called ________. 20) ______
A) mutants
B) meiotic products
C) alleles
D) phenotypes
E) genotypes
21) The various characteristics of organisms that result from their genetic makeup are collectively referred to as an
organism's ________. 21) ______
A) genotype
B) proteome
C) alleles
D) phenotype
E) genome
22) Name the substance that serves as the hereditary material in eukaryotes and prokaryotes. 22) ______
A) protein
B) RNA or ribonucleic acid
4
