UPDATE
Histogram - when to use - ✔✔ Based on the shape of the
distribution, uses mean +
standard deviation OR
median + IQR to describe
center and spread - Larger data sets; shows
shapes of distribution and
potential outliers; ignores the
individual data valuesl
Histogram Skewed right - ✔✔ Not a symmetric distribution, the tail is on the right
Standard Deviation Rule - ✔✔ 68% of the data are within 1 standard deviation,
95% are within 2,
99.7% are within 3 standard deviations from the mean.
Scatter plot - ✔✔ A graphical representation of Q -> Q
If relationship is linear (confirmed
using the scatterplot), use the
correlation coefficient to describe
strength of relationship and the
least-squares regression line to make
, predictions
Two way table - ✔✔ A graphical representation of C -> C
Relative frequencies OR conditional
percentages for each row/column of
the explanatory variable
Stratified sample - ✔✔ all groups are chosen, only some people within each group arestudied
P(A)*P(B) - ✔✔ independent events: P(A and B) =
P(A|B) or P(BIA) - ✔✔ P(A and B) ÷ P(B) or P(A and B) ÷ P(A)
P(A or B) - ✔✔ P(A) + P(B) - P(A and B)
Box plot - ✔✔ Larger data sets; shows the
5-number summary, shows
spread; ignores individual
data values and the number
of values (allowing to
compare sets of different
sizes)