Fire Investigator - master for TCFP test exam questions and answers correct and verified A+ study tips

Fire Investigator - master for TCFP test exam questions and answers correct and verified A+ study tips 1. Standard An NFPA , the main text of which con- tains only mandatory provisions using the word "shall" to indicate requirements and that is in a form generally suitable for mandatory reference by another standard or code or for adoption into law 2. Guide A document that is advisory or informative in nature and that contains only non-mandatory provisions. May contain mandatory statements suchb as when a guide can be used but the document as a whole is jot suitable for adoption into law. 3. Approved Acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction 4. Code A standard that is an extensive complication of provisions covering broad subject matter or that is suitable for adoption into law independently of other codes and standards. 5. Recommended Prac- tice A document that is similar in content and struc- ture to a code or standard but that contains only non-mandatory provisions using the word "should" to indicate recommendations in the body of the text 6. Heat of Ignition The heat energy that brings about ignition 7. Effective Fire Tech- niques Temperatures reached in fires that produce physi- cal effects that can be related to specific tempera- ture ranges 8. Spontaneous Ignition Imitation of combustion of a material by an internal chemical or biological reaction that has produced sufficient heat to ignite the material 9. British Thermal Unit (Btu) 10. Autoignition The quantity of heat required to raise the tempera- ture of one pound of water 1 degree F At the pressure of 1 atmosphere and temperature of 60 degrees F 11. Ignition Tempera- ture/Kindling 12. Self-Ignition Tempera- ture Initiation of combustion by heat but without spark/flame Minimum temperature a substance should attain in order to ignite under specific test conditions The minimum temperature at which the self-heating properties of a material lead to ignition 13. Absolute Temperature A temperature measured in Kelvins (K) or Rankines (R) 14. Self-Ignition Ignition resulting from self-heating, synonymous with spontaneous ignition 15. First Fuel Ignited The is that which first sustains combustion beyond the ignition 16. Finish Rating The time in minutes, determine under specific lab- oratory conditions, at which the stud or joist in con- tact with the exposed protective membrane in a pro- tected combustible assembly reaches an average temperature rise of 121 degrees C (250 degrees F) or an individual temperature rise of 163 degrees C (325 degrees F) as measured behind the protective membrane nearest the fire on the plane of the wood. 17. Autoignition Tempera- ture The lowest temperature at which a combustible material ignites in air without a spark or flame 18. Ambient Someone's or something's surroundings especially as they pertain to the local environment. 19. Competent Ignition An ignition source that has sufficient energy and is capable of transferring that energy to the fuel long enough to raise the fuel to its ignition temperature 20. Combustible Liquid Any liquid that had a closed cup flash point at or above 37.8 degree C (100 degrees F) 21. Accelerant A fuel or oxidizer often an ignitable liquid intention- ally used to initiate a fire or increase the rate of growth or spread of fire 22. Combustion Products The heat, gases, volatilized liquids and solids, par- ticulate matter and ash generated by combustion 23. Combustible Capable of undergoing combustion 24. Thermoplastic Plastic materials that soften and melt under expo- sure to heat and can reach a flowable state 25. Pyrophoric Material Any substance that spontaneously ignited upon ex- posure to atmospheric oxygen 26. Clean Burn A distinct and visible fire effect generally appar- ent on non combustible surfaces after combustible layer(s) such as soot, paint and paper have been burned away 27. Ignitable Liquid An liquid or the liquid phase of any material that is capable of fueling a fire including flammable liquid, combustible liquid or any other material that can be liquefied and burned 28. Target Fuel A fuel that is subject to ignition by thermal radiation such as from a flame or a hot gas layer 29. BLEVE Boiling liquid expanding vapor explosion 30. Fire A rapid oxidation process which is a chemical re- action resulting in the evolution of light and heat in varying intensities 31. Flashover A transition phase in the development of a com- partment fire in which surfaces exposed to thermal radiation reach ignition temperature more or less simultaneously and fire spread rapidly throughout the space resulting in full room involvement or total involvement of the compartment or enclosed space 32. Flash Fire A fire that spreads by means of a flame front rapidly through a diffuse fuel such as dust, gas or the vapors of an ignitable liquid without the production of damaging pressure 33. Extinguish To cause to cease burning 34. Flammable Capable of burning with a flame 35. Flameover/Rollover The condition where unburned fuel (pyrolysate) from the originating fire has accumulated in the ceiling layer to a sufficient concentration that ignites and burns 36. Flame A body or stream of gaseous material involved in the combustion process and emitting radiant ener- gy at specific wavelength bands determined by the combustion chemistry of the fuel 37. Noncombustible A material that, in the form in which it is used and under the condition anticipated, will not ignite, burn, support combustion or release flammable vapors when subjected to fire or heat 38. Backdraft/Smoke Ex- A deflagration resulting from the sudden introduc- plosion tion of air into a confined space containing oxy- gen-deficient products of incomplete combustion 39. Fire Hazard Any situation, process, material, or condition that can cause a fire or explosion or that can provide a ready fuel supply to augment the spread or intensity of a fire or explosion all of which will pose a threat to life or property 40. Accident An unplanned event that interrupts an activity and sometimes causes injury or damage or a chance occurrence arising from unknown causes 41. Arson The crime of maliciously and intentionally or reck- lessly starting a fire or causing an explosion 42. Fire Analysis The process of determining the origin, cause, de- velopment, responsibility and when required a fail- ure analysis of a fire or explosion 43. Cause The circumstances, conditions, or agencies that brought about or resulted in the fire or explosion incident, damage to property resulting from the fire or explosion incident, or bodily injury or loss of life resulting from the fire or explosion incident 44. Failure Distortion, breakage, deterioration, or other fault in an item, component, system, assembly or structure that results in unsatisfactory performance of the function for which it was designed 45. Fire Dynamics The detailed study of how chemistry, fire science, and the engineering disciplines of fluid mechanics and heat transfer interact to influence fire behavior 46. Fire Effects The observable or measurable changes in or on a material as a result of a fire 47. Fire Cause The circumstances, conditions, or agencies that bring together a fuel, ignition source, and oxidizer resulting in a fire or a combustion explosion 48. Electric Spark A small incandescent particle created by some arcs 49. Ground A conducting connection, whether intentional or ac- cidental between an electrical circuit or equipment and earth or to some conducting body that serves in place of the earth 50. Arc A high temperature luminous electric discharge across a gap or through a medium such as charred insulation