Ornamental and Turfgrass Pest Management for Carolinas and Georgia 2020 (24)

Resistance comes from: · using the same pesticides over and over · applying pesticides at the wrong time of year · applying too much pesticide at a time · applying pesticides to plants that are too dry - ANS · using the same pesticides over and over Pesticides in the soil: · never go away · are eventually broken down by bacteria and fungi · have the same effect as fertilizer · are harmless to beneficial insects - ANS · are eventually broken down by bacteria and fungi You should apply a pesticide: · based on the calendar date · as soon as you see the first pest · when pests are abundant enough to cause unacceptable damage · every 10 days during the growing season - ANS · when pests are abundant enough to cause unacceptable damage What hand lens magnification is recommended for insect identification? · less than 3 power · 5 to 10 power · at least 10 power · the highest power you can find - ANS · 5 to 10 power In an IPM program you should: · control all the insects you see · produce healthy plants that can resist pests · rely totally on natural biological control · never use chemical control - ANS · produce healthy plants that can resist pests Which of these statements is TRUE? · it is legal to use an insecticide on any plant to control insects · different diseases and insects can cause the same symptoms · yellow leaves are always a sign of disease · it is safe to use a broad-spectrum herbicide on plants not listed on the label - ANS · different diseases and insects can cause the same symptoms Which of these statements is FALSE? · records are helpful in knowing when to look for a pest each year · records are a way to know whether a treatment was effective · record keeping takes more time than it's worth · record keeping helps you comply with pesticide regulations - ANS · record keeping takes more time than it's worth Proper mowing means which of the following: · Using sharp mower blades to make a clean cut · Mowing as close as you can for a neat appearance · Collecting all clippings after each mowing · Taking off one-half of the leaf - ANS Using sharp mower blades to make a clean cut To promote healthy turf and reduce disease · Irrigate every day · Irrigate in the late afternoon · Water thoroughly when you first see wilting · Water lightly and often - ANS · Water thoroughly when you first see wilting When fertilizing · Wait until turf goes dormant · Apply nitrogen once a month to get lush growth · Always use a liquid formulation · Determine fertilizer need through results of a soil test - ANS Determine fertilizer need through results of a soil test Which of these statements is FALSE? · Thatch should be at least 2 inches thick to keep soil cool · Thatch should be no more that ½ inch thick · Excess thatch keeps water and fertilizer from reaching roots · Thatch provides a good environment for turf pests - ANS · Thatch provides a good environment for turf pests Cool-season cultivars · Can be mixed to minimize disease · Are a good choice for the coastal plain · Prefer humid conditions · Do well in shady locations - ANS · Can be mixed to minimize disease Good soil drainage · Makes turfgrass areas more susceptible to weeds · Dries on the roots too quickly · Promotes root disease · Promotes healthy turfgrass - ANS · Promotes healthy turfgrass Which of these statements is FALSE? · Too much fertilizer promotes thatch buildup · Too much fertilizer can make grass more susceptible to brown patch and leaf spot · Too little fertilizer makes turf susceptible to bare spots and weed invasions · Do not fertilize turfgrass infected with dollar spot - ANS · Do not fertilize turfgrass infected with dollar spot Which of these methods will NOT help monitor cutworms? · Soap and water · Light traps · Pheromone traps · Pitfall traps - ANS · Pitfall traps Apply an insecticide · To get total eradication of turf pests · When the insect is at its most vulnerable stage · At anytime during the pest life cycle · When granular formulations will stay dry for several days - ANS When the insect is at its most vulnerable stage Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) · Controls Japanese beetles · Attracts predators to the turf · Controls caterpillars · Controls mole crickets - ANS Controls caterpillars The milky spore disease bacterium · Is only effective against Japanese beetle grubs · Give quick results · Controls many species of caterpillar · Makes turf look pale and stunted - ANS Is only effective against Japanese beetle grubs An insecticide applied to control white grubs · Will work best on the leaf surface · Should be applied to dry soil · Should be watered in to reach the soil · Will work best on a thick thatch layer - ANS · Should be watered in to reach the soil