ACS ORGANIC CHEMISTRY FINAL EXAM 2025
ACS ORGANIC CHEMISTRY FINAL EXAM 2025
PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
GRADED A+/ VERIFIED
In oxidative addition products of alkenes and alkynes, which reagents can be used?
Cold, alkaline permanganate, osmium tetroxide and proxy acids.
Chromic acid is an oxidizing reagent that
does not oxidize ketones; but it can oxidize C-C double bonds.
How are reductions of carbonyl compounds usually done?
complex metal hydrides
How are reductions of alkenes usually done?
Catalytic hydrogenation
How are reductions of alkynes usually done?
,ACS ORGANIC CHEMISTRY FINAL EXAM 2025
Catalytic hydrogenation or alkali metals in ammonia (dissolving metal reductions)
What can react with alcohols to produce a ketone?
PCC (converts primary alcohols to aldehydes and secondary alcohols to ketones;
doesn't affect C=C bonds.
What can react with secondary alcohols to give ketones?
KMnO4, NaOH. But it can also react with double bonds.
What are the two types of free-radical reactions?
substitution and addition.
What is the IUPAC priority for naming?
Carboxylic acid > Ketone > Aldehyde > Alcohol
In IUPAC naming, what is the suffix used for ketone groups?
-one
,ACS ORGANIC CHEMISTRY FINAL EXAM 2025
In IUPAC naming, what is the suffix used for alcohol groups?
-nol
In IUPAC naming, what is the suffix used for esters?
-noate
Benzyl group
Phenyl group
ethanoic acid
(E) isomers vs. (Z) isomers. Which one is observed when the higher ranked
molecules are on the same side? opposite?
highest on same side: Z
highest on opposite sides: E
, ACS ORGANIC CHEMISTRY FINAL EXAM 2025
Electron-withdrawing groups are what type of directors? What is the one and only
exception?
Meta (deactivators)
Halogens
If the atom directly attached to the aromatic ring has lone pairs what type of
director is it? what if it does not have lone pairs?
lone pairs: activating, ortho, para director
no lone pairs: deactivating, meta director
When are the terms ortho, meta, para used?
when there are 2 substituents on the aromatic ring
In IUPAC naming, what is NH2 on a phenyl ring referred to as?
anilin
If there is a NO2 group present, what IUPAC prefix will also be evident?
nitro
ACS ORGANIC CHEMISTRY FINAL EXAM 2025
PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
GRADED A+/ VERIFIED
In oxidative addition products of alkenes and alkynes, which reagents can be used?
Cold, alkaline permanganate, osmium tetroxide and proxy acids.
Chromic acid is an oxidizing reagent that
does not oxidize ketones; but it can oxidize C-C double bonds.
How are reductions of carbonyl compounds usually done?
complex metal hydrides
How are reductions of alkenes usually done?
Catalytic hydrogenation
How are reductions of alkynes usually done?
,ACS ORGANIC CHEMISTRY FINAL EXAM 2025
Catalytic hydrogenation or alkali metals in ammonia (dissolving metal reductions)
What can react with alcohols to produce a ketone?
PCC (converts primary alcohols to aldehydes and secondary alcohols to ketones;
doesn't affect C=C bonds.
What can react with secondary alcohols to give ketones?
KMnO4, NaOH. But it can also react with double bonds.
What are the two types of free-radical reactions?
substitution and addition.
What is the IUPAC priority for naming?
Carboxylic acid > Ketone > Aldehyde > Alcohol
In IUPAC naming, what is the suffix used for ketone groups?
-one
,ACS ORGANIC CHEMISTRY FINAL EXAM 2025
In IUPAC naming, what is the suffix used for alcohol groups?
-nol
In IUPAC naming, what is the suffix used for esters?
-noate
Benzyl group
Phenyl group
ethanoic acid
(E) isomers vs. (Z) isomers. Which one is observed when the higher ranked
molecules are on the same side? opposite?
highest on same side: Z
highest on opposite sides: E
, ACS ORGANIC CHEMISTRY FINAL EXAM 2025
Electron-withdrawing groups are what type of directors? What is the one and only
exception?
Meta (deactivators)
Halogens
If the atom directly attached to the aromatic ring has lone pairs what type of
director is it? what if it does not have lone pairs?
lone pairs: activating, ortho, para director
no lone pairs: deactivating, meta director
When are the terms ortho, meta, para used?
when there are 2 substituents on the aromatic ring
In IUPAC naming, what is NH2 on a phenyl ring referred to as?
anilin
If there is a NO2 group present, what IUPAC prefix will also be evident?
nitro
