CPA Review Topics
1. Common signs and symp-
Sore throat, temperature greater than 100.4°F
toms of streptococcal
(38°C), tonsillar exudates, and cer- vical
pharyngitis include?
adenopathy
2. Cough, coryza, and diarrhea
viral pharyngitis
are more common with?
3. Centor score criteria in-
Absence of cough, anterior cervical lymph
clude?
nodes, Temp > 100.4, tonsillar exudates or
swelling, age 3-4 (+1), 15-44 (0), 45 years +
(-1)
4. What centor score do you do a Score of 1 or more optional, and 4 or more for
rapid antigen test AND em- treatment without test.
pirically treat with penicillins
for 10 days PO?
5. What are the clinical features Macular edema, microvascular chanes,
of diabetic retinopathy on blurred/double/distorted vision, floaters,
exam? pain/pressure/red eyes
6. Apply the rule of 9s? head and neck = 9
upper limbs = 9 each = 18
trunk = 36
genitalia = 1
lower limbs = 18 each = 36
7. T/F: Objects that have T
passed the esophagus gen- erally
do not cause symp-
, CPA Review Topics
toms unless complications, such as
bowel perforation or
obstruction, occur.
8. t/f: Button batteries and sharp
objects lodged in the esophagus
require urgent endoscopic Early intervention is indicated for patients who have
removal; all oth- er foreign swallowed button or disc batteries because of the
bodies lodged in the esophagus potential for voltage burns and direct corrosive
should be re- moved or effects. Burns can occur as early as four hours
advanced into the stomach after ingestion. Button batteries that remain in
the stomach for more than 48 hours or that are
larger than 2 cm in diameter should be removed
endoscopically. Once they are past the duodenal
sweep, 85 percent of button batteries pass in less
than 72 hours. Radiographs should be obtained
every three to four days to follow the progress of
the battery until it has been passed
9. Describe the causes for up- Varices esophageal
per GI bleed? (VARICES) alcohol + drugs (mallory weiss tears idiopathic
carcinoma
esophagitis or gastritis
stomach ulcers (gastric or duodenal)
1.Hematemesis/melena
10. Upper GI bleeds proximal to 2.BUN/Cr ratio > 30 or positive gastric
the ligament of Treitz include lavage
what patient presentation? (4) 3.Risk factors cirrhosis, alcohol, NSAIDs, H.
pylori, hiatal hernia, anticoagulants
, CPA Review Topics
11. Lower GI bleeds distal to the 1.Hematochezia
ligament of Treitz in- clude 2.Melena (small bowel or ascending colon)
what patient presenta- tion 3.Blood clots in stool
(4)? 4.Neg gastric lavage
5.Hemodynamic instability
12. List the causes of pharyngi- tis Group A BHS
in children? viral
mono
gerd
13. What is associated with Scarlet fever
GABHS pharyngitis and usu-
ally presents as a punc- tate,
erythematous, blanch- able,
sandpaper-like exan- them.
The rash is found in the neck,
groin, and axillae, and is
accentuated in body folds and
creases (Pastia's lines). The
pharynx and ton- sils are
erythematous and covered with
exudates. The tongue may be
bright red with a white coating
(straw- berry tongue)?
14. Outline the appropriate in-
vestigations for gross hema- 1.Urinalysis, urine C&S, lytes, Cr/kidney
turia (4) function
(R/O infection, cancer, renal failure, stones)
2.Urine cytology
3.Upper tract study - CT or Renal US Imag- ing
4.Urology referral for cystoscopy (gold stan-
dard for evaluating the lower urinary tract)
, CPA Review Topics
15. List cardiac causes for chest Acute MI
pain? Stable angina or UA
Valvular heart disease (mitral valve prolapse and aortic
stenosis)
Pericarditis, myocarditis, endocarditis Cardiac
tamponade
Aortic dissection Hyper or
hypokalemia CHF
Pneumonia bronchitis
16. List respiratory + thorax maligancy pleurisy
causes for chest pain? costochondritis
pneumothorax/hemopneumo/tension pneu- mo
Pulmonary Embolism rib
fractures intercostal
mm. strain
GERD
esophageal spasm
esophageal perf PUD
pancreatitis
17. List GI causes for chest cholecystitis
pain? hiatal hernia
Panic attact Herpes
zoster
1.Premature rupture of membranes (PROM)
occurring e 18 hours before birth
18. List other causes for chest 2.Maternal chorioamnionitis (most com-
pain? monly manifesting as maternal fever short- ly
before or during delivery with mater-
19. List the causes of neonatal nal leukocytosis, tachycardia, uterine tender- ness, and/o
sepsis? foul-smelling amniotic fluid)
1. Common signs and symp-
Sore throat, temperature greater than 100.4°F
toms of streptococcal
(38°C), tonsillar exudates, and cer- vical
pharyngitis include?
adenopathy
2. Cough, coryza, and diarrhea
viral pharyngitis
are more common with?
3. Centor score criteria in-
Absence of cough, anterior cervical lymph
clude?
nodes, Temp > 100.4, tonsillar exudates or
swelling, age 3-4 (+1), 15-44 (0), 45 years +
(-1)
4. What centor score do you do a Score of 1 or more optional, and 4 or more for
rapid antigen test AND em- treatment without test.
pirically treat with penicillins
for 10 days PO?
5. What are the clinical features Macular edema, microvascular chanes,
of diabetic retinopathy on blurred/double/distorted vision, floaters,
exam? pain/pressure/red eyes
6. Apply the rule of 9s? head and neck = 9
upper limbs = 9 each = 18
trunk = 36
genitalia = 1
lower limbs = 18 each = 36
7. T/F: Objects that have T
passed the esophagus gen- erally
do not cause symp-
, CPA Review Topics
toms unless complications, such as
bowel perforation or
obstruction, occur.
8. t/f: Button batteries and sharp
objects lodged in the esophagus
require urgent endoscopic Early intervention is indicated for patients who have
removal; all oth- er foreign swallowed button or disc batteries because of the
bodies lodged in the esophagus potential for voltage burns and direct corrosive
should be re- moved or effects. Burns can occur as early as four hours
advanced into the stomach after ingestion. Button batteries that remain in
the stomach for more than 48 hours or that are
larger than 2 cm in diameter should be removed
endoscopically. Once they are past the duodenal
sweep, 85 percent of button batteries pass in less
than 72 hours. Radiographs should be obtained
every three to four days to follow the progress of
the battery until it has been passed
9. Describe the causes for up- Varices esophageal
per GI bleed? (VARICES) alcohol + drugs (mallory weiss tears idiopathic
carcinoma
esophagitis or gastritis
stomach ulcers (gastric or duodenal)
1.Hematemesis/melena
10. Upper GI bleeds proximal to 2.BUN/Cr ratio > 30 or positive gastric
the ligament of Treitz include lavage
what patient presentation? (4) 3.Risk factors cirrhosis, alcohol, NSAIDs, H.
pylori, hiatal hernia, anticoagulants
, CPA Review Topics
11. Lower GI bleeds distal to the 1.Hematochezia
ligament of Treitz in- clude 2.Melena (small bowel or ascending colon)
what patient presenta- tion 3.Blood clots in stool
(4)? 4.Neg gastric lavage
5.Hemodynamic instability
12. List the causes of pharyngi- tis Group A BHS
in children? viral
mono
gerd
13. What is associated with Scarlet fever
GABHS pharyngitis and usu-
ally presents as a punc- tate,
erythematous, blanch- able,
sandpaper-like exan- them.
The rash is found in the neck,
groin, and axillae, and is
accentuated in body folds and
creases (Pastia's lines). The
pharynx and ton- sils are
erythematous and covered with
exudates. The tongue may be
bright red with a white coating
(straw- berry tongue)?
14. Outline the appropriate in-
vestigations for gross hema- 1.Urinalysis, urine C&S, lytes, Cr/kidney
turia (4) function
(R/O infection, cancer, renal failure, stones)
2.Urine cytology
3.Upper tract study - CT or Renal US Imag- ing
4.Urology referral for cystoscopy (gold stan-
dard for evaluating the lower urinary tract)
, CPA Review Topics
15. List cardiac causes for chest Acute MI
pain? Stable angina or UA
Valvular heart disease (mitral valve prolapse and aortic
stenosis)
Pericarditis, myocarditis, endocarditis Cardiac
tamponade
Aortic dissection Hyper or
hypokalemia CHF
Pneumonia bronchitis
16. List respiratory + thorax maligancy pleurisy
causes for chest pain? costochondritis
pneumothorax/hemopneumo/tension pneu- mo
Pulmonary Embolism rib
fractures intercostal
mm. strain
GERD
esophageal spasm
esophageal perf PUD
pancreatitis
17. List GI causes for chest cholecystitis
pain? hiatal hernia
Panic attact Herpes
zoster
1.Premature rupture of membranes (PROM)
occurring e 18 hours before birth
18. List other causes for chest 2.Maternal chorioamnionitis (most com-
pain? monly manifesting as maternal fever short- ly
before or during delivery with mater-
19. List the causes of neonatal nal leukocytosis, tachycardia, uterine tender- ness, and/o
sepsis? foul-smelling amniotic fluid)
