WGU D236: Pathophysiology Exam Study Guide with Complete solutions | Latest 2025/2026 Update.

WGU D236: Pathophysiology Exam i,- i,- i,- i,-




Study Guide with Complete solutions | i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-




Latest 2025/2026 Update. i,- i,-




Respiratory rate increases during exercise. How does this i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-



increased respiratory rate allow the body to maintain a
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homeostatic pH level? The increased exhalation of CO2 helps i,- i,- i,-i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-



to increase pH
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The increased respiratory rate allows more CO2 to be exhaled.
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Since CO2 reacts with water to form carbonic acid, getting rid of
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more CO2 through increased respiration will raise pH
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An ICU patient's arterial blood gas results show low pH and low
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CO2 levels. The patient's respiratory rate is increased. What is the
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name of this condition? i,-Metabolic acidosis
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Since the pH is low, and the pH and CO2 are trending in the same
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direction, the condition is metabolic acidosis. The low CO2
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indicates that CO2 is not causing the acidosis. The increased
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respiratory rate lowers blood CO2 in an attempt to compensate
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for the metabolic acidosis
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,Your patient has pulmonary edema, which raises levels of CO2 in
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the blood. What helps the patient's body to compensate for this
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increase? The kidneys excrete more H+ and conserve HCO3-
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The increased CO2 level will generate more carbonic acid. The
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body must compensate for the decreased pH. Excreting more H+
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and conserving HCO3- will both help to increase pH.
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Arthritis i,-i,- i,- inflammation of a joint i,- i,- i,-




Osteoarthritis i,-i,- i,- inflammation of the bone and joint i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-




Most common type of degenerative joint disease, most
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commonly affected are the cervical, lumbosacral spine, hip, knee,
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and first metatarsal phalangeal joint
i,- i,- osteoarthritis i,- i,- i,-i,- i,-




Pressure that is due to albumin in the bloodstream?
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-i,- i,- Oncotic


Oncotic i,-i,- i,- a form of osmotic pressure exerted by proteins
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In the blood, _____ is the most common plasma protein and is,
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therefore, a primary determinant of oncotic pressure
i,- albumin
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,_____ controls osmotic pressure in vascular system, builds volume
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Albumin
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One question was about the difference in children and adult
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immunity Possible answer: naive T cells
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Learning check question: Which differences in immunity make
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children and older adult patients more susceptible to infections?
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Choose 2 answers i,- i,-




Younger patients have fewer memory cells to combat infection
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Older adult patients have a dwindling population of naive T cells
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Older adult patients have more memory cells to combat infection
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Younger patients have a large population of naive T cells
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Older adult patients have a large population of naive T cells
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Younger patients have fewer memory cells to combat infection
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Older adult patients have a dwindling population of naive T cells
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, Rationale: younger patients have not been exposed to many
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pathogens, which means that they have fewer memory cells than
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adults. The primary immune response is relatively weak compared
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to a secondary response mediated by memory cells.
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Older adult patients do not have as many T cells compared to
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younger patients. When these patients encounter novel
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pathogens, the reduced number of naive T cells gives clonal
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selection fewer opportunities to "find" T cells that will be effective.
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Fluid and electrolyte levels are regulated by _______, which
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regulates actions such as thirst, ADH, the kidneys, and RAAS.
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osmoreceptors


Fluid deficit causes
i,- i,- i,-i,- i,- -Excessive loss i,-




-Inadequate intake i,-




-Or combination of both
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Fluid deficit risk factors
i,- i,- i,- i,-i,- i,- -Vomiting/diarrhea
-Excessive sweating i,-




-Insufficient water intake i,- i,-