Insurance Midterm (1) 2025
Riska-aANSWERaUncertaintyaconcerningatheaoccurrenceaofaaaloss
Riska(Insurance)a-
aANSWERaUsedatoaidentifyatheapropertyaofalifeathataisabeingaconsideredaforainsurance
Riska(EconomicsaandaFinance)a-
aANSWERaUsedainasituationsawhereatheaprobabilitiesaofapossibleaoutcomesaareaknown;auncertaintyaisa
usedainasituationsawhereasuchaprobabilitiesacannotabeaestimated
LossaExposurea-
aANSWERaAnyasituationaoracircumstanceainawhichaaalossaisapossible,aregardlessaofawhetheraaalossaocc
urs
EX:aLifeainsurance;aaayoungaindividualacouldadieaprematurely
ObjectiveaRiska-
aANSWERaThearelativeavariationaofaactualalossafromaexpectedalossa(canabeacalculatedabyasomeameasu
reaofadispersion,asuchaasastandardadeviation)
Subjectivea(Perceived)aRiska-
aANSWERaUncertaintyabasedaonaaaperson'samentalaconditionaorastateaofaminda---
aPerceptionaofawhetheraoranotaaariskaisalikelyatoaoccur
EX:aDealaoraNoaDeal
ChanceaofaLossa(Frequency)a-aANSWERaTheaprobabilityathataanaeventawillaoccur
,ObjectiveaProbabilitya-aANSWERaThealong-
runarelativeafrequencyaofaanaeventabasedaonatheaassumptionsaofaanainfiniteanumberaofaobservationsa
andaofanoachangeainatheaunderlyingaconditions
SubjectiveaProbabilitya-
aANSWERaTheaindividual'sapersonalaestimateaofatheachanceaofalossa(theaprobabilityathataanaeventawill
aoccur)
ChanceaofaLossavs.aObjectiveaRiska-aANSWERa-
aChanceaofaLoss:aProbabilityathataanaeventathatacausesaaalossawillaoccur
-aObjectiveaRisk:aThearelativeavariationaofaactualalossafromaexpectedaloss
-aTheachanceaofalossamayabeaidenticalaforatwoagroups,abutaobjectiveariskamayabeaquiteadifferent
Perila-aANSWERaTheacauseaofathealoss
EX:aPropertyadamageabecauseaofafire,awindstorm,aoralightening;aor,adamageatoayouracarabecauseaofaa
acollisionawithaanotheravehicle
Hazarda-aANSWERaAaconditionathataincreasesatheachanceaofaloss
TypesaofaHazardsa-aANSWERa1.aPhysicalaHazard
2.aMoralaHazard
3.aAttitudinala(Morale)aHazard
4.aLegalaHazard
PhysicalaHazarda-aANSWERaAaphysicalaconditionathataincreasesatheafrequencyaoraseverityaofaaaloss
EX:aIceaonatheasidewalk
, MoralaHazarda-
aANSWERaDishonestyaoracharacteradefectsainaanaindividualathataincreasesatheafrequencyaoraseverityao
faaaloss
EX:aFrauda--
aYourahouseaburnsadownaandawhenatheyaaskayouawhatayoualostainatheafire,ayoualieaandamakeaitaseem
alikeayouahadaaalotaofavaluableaitemsathatagotadestroyed
Attitudinala(Morale)aHazarda-
aANSWERaCarelessnessaoraindifferenceatoaaaloss,awhichaincreasesatheafrequencyaoraseverityaofaaaloss
EX:aTheafactathatayouahaveainsuranceamayacauseayouatoabeamorearecklessabecauseayouahaveainsuranc
easoayouadriveafaster
LegalaHazarda-
aANSWERaCharacteristicsaofathealegalasystemaoraregulatoryaenvironmentathataincreasesatheafrequency
aoraseverityaofaaaloss
EX:aThealegalasystemafavorsaoneapartyaoratheaothera--
aJury'sainaCaliforniaarewardapeopleamoreamoneyathanainaIowaaoraMissouri
ClassificationaofaRiska-aANSWERa-aPureavs.aSpeculativeaRisk
-aDiversifiableavs.aNondiversifiableaRisk
-aEnterpriseaRisk
PureaRiska-aANSWERaAasituationainawhichathereaareaonlyatheapossibilitiesaofaaalossaoranoalossa
EX:aEarthquake;aFirea--
aYouainsureayourahomeainacaseaitaburnsadown,abutayouareallyadon'tawantayourahouseatoaburnadown
SpeculativeaRiska-
aANSWERaAasituationainawhichaeitheraprofitaoralossaisapossiblea(theyadon'taexistaunlessayouaenterainto
athem)
EX:aGambling