CARN-AP CERTIFICATION EXAM 2025
LATEST EXAM STUDYGUIDE
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS |
A+ GRADE STUDYGUIDE
Four major parts of the neuron Correct Answer - dendrites
- cell body
- axon
- terminal
In what direction do electrical signals travel in a neuron
Correct Answer - cell body to terminal
Four primary areas of the brain in addiction Correct
Answer - ventral tegmental area
- nucleus accumbens
- amygdala
- prefrontal cortex
Neurons communicate by Correct Answer - sending
signals to each other at specialized connections
What is the connection between two neurons called
Correct Answer - synapse
Terminals of the sending neuron Correct Answer - have
vesicles packed with neurotransmitters
,Neurotransmitters are released Correct Answer - when the
sending neuron fires
Neurotransmitters send the signal by Correct Answer -
binding to specific receptors on dendrites of the receiving
neuron
Neuroplasticity Correct Answer - brains have the ability to
rewire themselves
- can actually change structure and function in response to
changes in the environment and experience
Natural rewards Correct Answer - food
- water
- sex
-nurturing
Dependence Correct Answer - a state in which an
organism functions normally only in the presence of a drug
Dependence is manifested by Correct Answer - a physical
disturbance when the drug is removed
Tolerance Correct Answer - state in which an organism no
longer responds to a drug
- higher dose is required to achieve the same effect
Addiction Correct Answer - engages in compulsive
behavior
- behavior is reinforcing
- loss of control in limiting intake
,Substance Abuse Correct Answer - a pattern of pathologic
use that produces impaired social or occupation
functioning
Symptoms of dependence Correct Answer - physiologic
symptoms of tolerance and withdrawal
- drug seeking behavior
- inability to limit intake
- continued despite social, psychological, and occupational
problems
Withdrawal Correct Answer - when substances are
abruptly discontinued
- tremor
- tachy and HTN
- insomnia
- hyperreflexia
- seizures
- febrile states
- diaphoresis
- hallucinations
- muscle cramping and pain
- nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea,
Substances with long half lives Correct Answer - require
more prolonged use to cause dependence than
substances with short half-life
Withdrawal symptoms associated with long-acting
substances Correct Answer - are generally milder
, - appear later than those related to short-acting
substances
Factors linked to substance abuse Correct Answer - peer
pressure
- thrill seeking behavior
- depression
- personality disorders
- family discord
- family hx of dependence
- environmental factors
What is CH3-CH2-OH? Correct Answer ETOH
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Correct Answer - most common
preventable cause of adverse CNS development
FAS characteristics Correct Answer - growth retardation
- facial malformations
- small head
- greatly reduce intelligence
Fetal Alcohol Effect Correct Answer - milder form of FAS
FAE characteristics Correct Answer - growth deficiency
- learning dysfunction
- nervous system disbailities
Effects of prenatal alcohol Correct Answer - undeveloped
pinna
- short nose
LATEST EXAM STUDYGUIDE
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS |
A+ GRADE STUDYGUIDE
Four major parts of the neuron Correct Answer - dendrites
- cell body
- axon
- terminal
In what direction do electrical signals travel in a neuron
Correct Answer - cell body to terminal
Four primary areas of the brain in addiction Correct
Answer - ventral tegmental area
- nucleus accumbens
- amygdala
- prefrontal cortex
Neurons communicate by Correct Answer - sending
signals to each other at specialized connections
What is the connection between two neurons called
Correct Answer - synapse
Terminals of the sending neuron Correct Answer - have
vesicles packed with neurotransmitters
,Neurotransmitters are released Correct Answer - when the
sending neuron fires
Neurotransmitters send the signal by Correct Answer -
binding to specific receptors on dendrites of the receiving
neuron
Neuroplasticity Correct Answer - brains have the ability to
rewire themselves
- can actually change structure and function in response to
changes in the environment and experience
Natural rewards Correct Answer - food
- water
- sex
-nurturing
Dependence Correct Answer - a state in which an
organism functions normally only in the presence of a drug
Dependence is manifested by Correct Answer - a physical
disturbance when the drug is removed
Tolerance Correct Answer - state in which an organism no
longer responds to a drug
- higher dose is required to achieve the same effect
Addiction Correct Answer - engages in compulsive
behavior
- behavior is reinforcing
- loss of control in limiting intake
,Substance Abuse Correct Answer - a pattern of pathologic
use that produces impaired social or occupation
functioning
Symptoms of dependence Correct Answer - physiologic
symptoms of tolerance and withdrawal
- drug seeking behavior
- inability to limit intake
- continued despite social, psychological, and occupational
problems
Withdrawal Correct Answer - when substances are
abruptly discontinued
- tremor
- tachy and HTN
- insomnia
- hyperreflexia
- seizures
- febrile states
- diaphoresis
- hallucinations
- muscle cramping and pain
- nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea,
Substances with long half lives Correct Answer - require
more prolonged use to cause dependence than
substances with short half-life
Withdrawal symptoms associated with long-acting
substances Correct Answer - are generally milder
, - appear later than those related to short-acting
substances
Factors linked to substance abuse Correct Answer - peer
pressure
- thrill seeking behavior
- depression
- personality disorders
- family discord
- family hx of dependence
- environmental factors
What is CH3-CH2-OH? Correct Answer ETOH
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Correct Answer - most common
preventable cause of adverse CNS development
FAS characteristics Correct Answer - growth retardation
- facial malformations
- small head
- greatly reduce intelligence
Fetal Alcohol Effect Correct Answer - milder form of FAS
FAE characteristics Correct Answer - growth deficiency
- learning dysfunction
- nervous system disbailities
Effects of prenatal alcohol Correct Answer - undeveloped
pinna
- short nose
