Inhaled Anesthesia Agents Review
UPDATED ACTUAL Exam Questions and
CORRECT Answers
Determinants of delivery to the alveoli - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. Setting on vaporizer
2. Time Constant
3. Anatomic Dead Space
4. Alveolar Ventilation - (@ least 6L FGF)
5. Functional Residual Capacity
Is the MAC effect at the Brain? - CORRECT ANSWER - None, the effect is at the spinal cord
not the brain
Why are hypothyroid patients more at risk for anethetic overdose? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Hypothyroid patient will have a decreased CO leading to a decreased uptake and a faster rate of
rise in the FA/FI = more susceptible to anesthetic overdose.
How much more MAC do you often have to give to red heads (excess pheomelanin)? -
CORRECT ANSWER - ~ 19% more
What percentage of patient will not move with 1.3 MAC? - CORRECT ANSWER - 95% of
the patients @ 1 atm
List the Factors that increase MAC - CORRECT ANSWER - Drugs that Increased
catecholamines (MAOI, ETOH, levodopa, cocaine, ephedrine)
Transplant Patients on cyclosporine
Hyperthermia
,Hypernatremia
Chronic ETOH
excess pheomelanin (red heads)
List the factors that decrease MAC - CORRECT ANSWER - Hypothermia
Age
Hyponatremia
Hypoxia
CABG
Acute ETOH
pregnancy & postpartum
MAP <40mmhg
Drugs (nitrous oxide, opioids, IV anesthetics, Alpha-2-agonist/clonidine/precedex, lithium,
lidocaine, neuraxial opioids, verapamil, hydroxyzine, and THC)
The speed of induction, the recovery from inhalation anesthesia is dependent upon what three
things - CORRECT ANSWER - solubility of agent
cardiac output
minute ventilation
How does increasing our flow rate affect alveolar concentration? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Increasing flow rate increases PA/FA = increased concentration
, How do Volatile Anesthtics effect the respiratory system? - CORRECT ANSWER - depress
the respiratory system in a dose-dependent fashion
tidal volume is primarily affected, followed by the respiratory rate.
tidal volume is decreased
respiratory rate increases,
Determinants of removal of anesthetics from the aveoli - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. Solubility
of gas
2. Cardiac Output
3. Aveolar-Venous partial pressure difference
Blood:Gas Partition Coefficient - CORRECT ANSWER - a measure of the solubility of the
anesthetic agent
increased solubility = increased uptake
The amount of molecules of anesthetic in the blood vs the Gas.
Will an increase or decrease in the cardiac output increase the rate of FA/FI? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Decreased cardiac output.
Time Constant - CORRECT ANSWER - Capacity/Flow
How would an increase in aveolar-venous partial pressure difference, affect uptake? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Increased uptake. More is being taken up into the tissues.
UPDATED ACTUAL Exam Questions and
CORRECT Answers
Determinants of delivery to the alveoli - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. Setting on vaporizer
2. Time Constant
3. Anatomic Dead Space
4. Alveolar Ventilation - (@ least 6L FGF)
5. Functional Residual Capacity
Is the MAC effect at the Brain? - CORRECT ANSWER - None, the effect is at the spinal cord
not the brain
Why are hypothyroid patients more at risk for anethetic overdose? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Hypothyroid patient will have a decreased CO leading to a decreased uptake and a faster rate of
rise in the FA/FI = more susceptible to anesthetic overdose.
How much more MAC do you often have to give to red heads (excess pheomelanin)? -
CORRECT ANSWER - ~ 19% more
What percentage of patient will not move with 1.3 MAC? - CORRECT ANSWER - 95% of
the patients @ 1 atm
List the Factors that increase MAC - CORRECT ANSWER - Drugs that Increased
catecholamines (MAOI, ETOH, levodopa, cocaine, ephedrine)
Transplant Patients on cyclosporine
Hyperthermia
,Hypernatremia
Chronic ETOH
excess pheomelanin (red heads)
List the factors that decrease MAC - CORRECT ANSWER - Hypothermia
Age
Hyponatremia
Hypoxia
CABG
Acute ETOH
pregnancy & postpartum
MAP <40mmhg
Drugs (nitrous oxide, opioids, IV anesthetics, Alpha-2-agonist/clonidine/precedex, lithium,
lidocaine, neuraxial opioids, verapamil, hydroxyzine, and THC)
The speed of induction, the recovery from inhalation anesthesia is dependent upon what three
things - CORRECT ANSWER - solubility of agent
cardiac output
minute ventilation
How does increasing our flow rate affect alveolar concentration? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Increasing flow rate increases PA/FA = increased concentration
, How do Volatile Anesthtics effect the respiratory system? - CORRECT ANSWER - depress
the respiratory system in a dose-dependent fashion
tidal volume is primarily affected, followed by the respiratory rate.
tidal volume is decreased
respiratory rate increases,
Determinants of removal of anesthetics from the aveoli - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. Solubility
of gas
2. Cardiac Output
3. Aveolar-Venous partial pressure difference
Blood:Gas Partition Coefficient - CORRECT ANSWER - a measure of the solubility of the
anesthetic agent
increased solubility = increased uptake
The amount of molecules of anesthetic in the blood vs the Gas.
Will an increase or decrease in the cardiac output increase the rate of FA/FI? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Decreased cardiac output.
Time Constant - CORRECT ANSWER - Capacity/Flow
How would an increase in aveolar-venous partial pressure difference, affect uptake? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Increased uptake. More is being taken up into the tissues.
