A&P LECTURE EXAM 2 EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
2025
all living matter are made up of - ✔✔✔-carbon compound and
ions like O,H,N
what carbon bonds are stable? - ✔✔✔-C-C and C-H
what carbon bonds are reactive - ✔✔✔-C-O and C-N
what are the functional groups - ✔✔✔-1. Hydroxyl
2. Amino
,3. Phosphate
4. Methyl
5. Carboxyl
hydroxyl - ✔✔✔--OH
sugars, alcohols
amino - ✔✔✔--NH2
in amino acids, proteins
nitrogen forms 3 bonds but the 4-bond act as a base
Phosphate - ✔✔✔--H2PO4, in nucleic acids, ATP
methyl - ✔✔✔-CH3, in fats, oils, steroids, amino acids, carbon
atoms always for 4 bonds
carboxyl - ✔✔✔--COOH, in amino acids, sugars, proteins
,macromolecules - ✔✔✔-A very large organic molecule
composed of many smaller molecules
what are the macromolecules - ✔✔✔-carbohydrates, lipids,
proteins, nucleic acids
polymers - ✔✔✔-natural or synthetic substance form of
combination of 2 or more molecules of the same or similar
substance
monomer - ✔✔✔-A simple compound whose molecules can
join together to form polymers
how are the monomers put together - ✔✔✔-1. dehydration
synthesis reaction
2. hydrolysis reaction
dehydration synthesis reaction - ✔✔✔-combining monomer
using H2O being removed and becomes a product
, hydrolysis reaction - ✔✔✔-taking a polymer and adding H2O to
break the bond
Isomers - ✔✔✔-biomolecules have similar or same properties.
The structure is different but same chemical formula
Carbohydrates - ✔✔✔-CH2On (3-7) is n
polar molecules because of the H2O
used for energy, pre-cursor molecules, structural molecules, cell
to cell interaction
General monosaccharide formula - ✔✔✔-3 C- triose
4 C- tertose
5 C- pentose
6 C- hexose
general disaccharide - ✔✔✔-1. sucrose
2. lactose
3. maltose
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
2025
all living matter are made up of - ✔✔✔-carbon compound and
ions like O,H,N
what carbon bonds are stable? - ✔✔✔-C-C and C-H
what carbon bonds are reactive - ✔✔✔-C-O and C-N
what are the functional groups - ✔✔✔-1. Hydroxyl
2. Amino
,3. Phosphate
4. Methyl
5. Carboxyl
hydroxyl - ✔✔✔--OH
sugars, alcohols
amino - ✔✔✔--NH2
in amino acids, proteins
nitrogen forms 3 bonds but the 4-bond act as a base
Phosphate - ✔✔✔--H2PO4, in nucleic acids, ATP
methyl - ✔✔✔-CH3, in fats, oils, steroids, amino acids, carbon
atoms always for 4 bonds
carboxyl - ✔✔✔--COOH, in amino acids, sugars, proteins
,macromolecules - ✔✔✔-A very large organic molecule
composed of many smaller molecules
what are the macromolecules - ✔✔✔-carbohydrates, lipids,
proteins, nucleic acids
polymers - ✔✔✔-natural or synthetic substance form of
combination of 2 or more molecules of the same or similar
substance
monomer - ✔✔✔-A simple compound whose molecules can
join together to form polymers
how are the monomers put together - ✔✔✔-1. dehydration
synthesis reaction
2. hydrolysis reaction
dehydration synthesis reaction - ✔✔✔-combining monomer
using H2O being removed and becomes a product
, hydrolysis reaction - ✔✔✔-taking a polymer and adding H2O to
break the bond
Isomers - ✔✔✔-biomolecules have similar or same properties.
The structure is different but same chemical formula
Carbohydrates - ✔✔✔-CH2On (3-7) is n
polar molecules because of the H2O
used for energy, pre-cursor molecules, structural molecules, cell
to cell interaction
General monosaccharide formula - ✔✔✔-3 C- triose
4 C- tertose
5 C- pentose
6 C- hexose
general disaccharide - ✔✔✔-1. sucrose
2. lactose
3. maltose
