MEDSURG COMPREHENSIVE FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS RATIONALES

MEDSURG COMPREHENSIVE FINAL
EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS RATIONALES
AOclientOadmittedOforOacuteOpyelonephritisOisOaboutOtoOstartOantibioticOtherapy.OWhichOsymptomOwouldOb
eOexpectedOinOthisOclient?

1)OHypertension

2)OFlankOpainOonOtheOaffectedOside

3)OPainOthatOradiatesOtowardOtheOunaffectedOside

4)ONoOtendernessOwithOdeepOpalpationOoverOthe

CVAO-OcorrectOanswer-
RATIONAL:O2)OTheOclientOmayOcomplainOofOpainOonOtheOaffectedOsideObecauseOtheOkidneyOisOenlargedOand
OmightOhaveOformedOanOabscess.



HypertensionOisOassociatedOwithOchronicOpyelonephritis.OPainOmayOradiateOdownOtheOuretersOorOtoOtheOe
pigastrium.OTheOclientOwouldOhaveOtendernessOwithOdeepOpalpationOoverOtheOCVA.



DischargeOinstructionsOforOaOclientOtreatedOforOacuteOpyelonephritisOshouldOincludeOwhichOstatement?

-O1.OAvoidOtakingOanyOdairyOproducts.

-O2.OReturnOforOfollow-upOurineOcultures.

-O3.OStopOtakingOtheOprescribedOantibioticsOwhenOtheOsymptomsOsubside.

-O4.ORecurrenceOisOunlikelyObecauseOyou'veObeenOtreatedOwithOantibiotics.O-OcorrectOanswer-
RATIONALE:O2)OTheOclientOneedsOtoOreturnOforOfollow-
upOurineOculturesObecauseObacteriuriaOmayObeOpresentObutOasymptomatic.OIntakeOofOdairyOproductsOwon'
tOcontributeOtoOpyelonephritis.OAntibioticsOneedOtoObeOtakenOforOtheOfullOcourseOofOtherapyOregardlessOofO
theOsymptoms.OPyelonephritisOtypicallyOrecursOasOaOrelapseOorOnewOinfectionOandOfrequentlyOrecursOwithi
nO2OweeksOofOcompletingOtherapy.



AOclientOisOcomplainingOofOsevereOflankOandOabdominalOpain.OAOflatOplateOofOtheOabdomenOshowsOurolithi
asis.OWhichOinterventionOisOimportant?

-O1.OStrainOallOurine

-O2.OLimitOfluidOintake

-O3.OEnforceOstrictObedOrest.

,-O4.OEncourageOaOhigh-calciumOdietO-OcorrectOanswer-
RATIONALE:O1)OUrineOshouldObeOstrainedOforOcalculiOandOsentOtoOtheOlaboratoryOforOanalysis.OFluidOintakeO
ofO3OtoO4Oqt.O3OtoO4OL/dayOisOencouragedOtoOflushOtheOurinaryOtractOandOpreventOfurtherOcalculiOformation
.OAmbulationOisOencouragedOtoOhelpOpassOtheOcalculiOthroughOgravity.OAOlow-
calciumOformationOofOcalciumOcalculi.



DuringOaOhealthOhistory,OwhichOstatementObyOaOclientOindicatesOaOriskOofOrenalOcalculi?

-O1.O"I'veObeenOdrinkingOaOlotOofOcolaOsoftOdrinksOlately."

-O2.O"I'veObeenOjoggingOmoreOthanOusual."

-O3.O"I'veOhadOmoreOstressOsinceOweOadoptedOaOchildOlastOyear."

-O4.O"I'mOaOvegetarianOandOeatOcheeseOtwoOorOthreeOtimesOeachOday."O-
OcorrectOanswer-

RATIONALE:O4)ORenalOcalculiOareOcommonlyOcomposedOofOcalcium.ODietsOhighOinOcalciumOmayOpredispose
OaOpersonOtoOrenalOcalculi.OMilkOandOmilkOproductsOareOhighOinOcalcium.OColaOsoftOdrinksOdon'tOcontainOin

gredientsOthatOwouldOincreaseOtheOriskOofOrenalOcalculi.OJoggingOandOincreasedOstressOaren'tOconsideredOr
iskOfactorsOforOrenalOcalculiOformation.



AOnurseOisOinstructingOaOclientOwithOoxalateOrenalOcalculi.OWhatOfoodsOshouldOtheOnurseOurgeOtheOclientOt
oOeliminateOfromOhisOdiet?

1)OCitrusOfruits,Omolasses,OandOdriedOapricots

2)OMilk,Ocheese,OandOiceOcream

3)OSardines,OliverOandOkidney

4)OSpinachOrhubarbOandOasparagusO-OcorrectOanswer-
RATIONALE:O4)OToOreduceOtheOformationOofOoxalateOcalculi,OurgeOtheOclientOtoOavoidOfoodsOhighOinOoxalat
e,OsuchOasOspinach,Orhubarb,OandOasparagus.OOtherOoxalate-
OrichOfoodsOtoOavoidOincludeOtomatoes,Obeets,Ochocolate,Ococoa,Ocelery,OandOparsley.



CitrusOfruits,Omolasses,OdriedOapricots,Omilk,Ocheese,OiceOcream,OsardinesOandOorganOmeatsOdoONOTOprod
uceOoxalateOandOdoONOTOneedOtoObeOomittedOfromOtheOclient'sOdiet.



AOnurseOisOassessingOaOclientOdiagnosedOwithOacuteOpyelonephritis.OWhichOofOtheOfollowingOsymptomsOdo
esOtheOnurseOexpectOtoOsee?

1)OJaundiceOandOflankOpain

2)OCostovertebralOangleOtendernessOandOchills

3)OBurningOsensationOonOurination

, 4)OPolyuriaOandOnocturiaO-OcorrectOanswer-
RATIONALE:O2)OCostovertebralOangleOtendernessOandOchillsOareOsymptomsOofOacuteOpyelonephritisO(infla
mmationOofOtheOkidneyOandOrenalOpelvis).O

JaundiceOindicatesOgallbladderOorOliverOobstruction.

AOburningOsensationOonOurinationOisOaOsignOofOlowerOurinaryOtractOinfectionO(UTI).

NocturiaOisOassociatedOwithOaOlowerOUTIOorObenignOprostaticOhyperplasia.

PolyuriaOisOseenOwithOdiabetesOmellitus,OdiabetesOinsipidus,OorOtheOuseOofOdiuretics.



AOnurseOisOassessingOaOclientOwhoOmightOhaveOaOUTI.OWhatOstatementObyOtheOclientOsuggestsOthatOaOUTIOi
sOlikely?

1)OIOurinateOlargeOamounts.

2)OItOburnsOwhenOIOurinate.

3)OIOgoOforOhoursOwithoutOtheOurgeOtoOurinate.

4)OMyOurineOhasOaOsweetOsmell.O-OcorrectOanswer-
RATIONALE:O2)ODysuriaO(painfulOurination)OisOaOcommonOsymptomOofOaOUTI.

VoidingOlargeOamountsOofOurineOisn'tOassociatedOwithOUTI's;OclientsOwithOUTI'sOcommonlyOreportOfrequen
tOvoidingOofOsmallOamountsOofOurine.

AOclientOwithOaOUTIOisOunlikelyOtoObeOableOtoOgoOforOhoursOwithoutOurinatingObecauseOUTI'sOincreaseOfeeli
ngsOofOurgencyOtoOvoid.

UrineOwithOaOsweetOacetoneOodorOisOassociatedOwithOdiabeticOketoacidosis.

Foul-smellingOurineOmayObeOaOsignOofOinfection.



WhileOundergoingOhemodialysis,OaOclientOcomplainsOofOmuscleOcramps.OWhatOinterventionOisOeffectiveOinO
relievingOmuscleOcramps?

1)OEncourageOactiveOROMOexercises.

2)OAdministerOaO5%OdextroseOsolution.

3)OInfuseOnormalOsalineOsolution.

4)OIncreaseOtheOrateOofOdialysis.O-OcorrectOanswer-
RATIONALE:O3)OBecauseOmuscleOcrampsOcanOoccurOwhenOsodiumOandOwaterOareOremovedOtooOquicklyOdu
ringOdialysis,OtreatmentOincludesOadministeringOnormalOsalineOorOhypertonicOnormalOsalineOsolution.

ROMOexercisesOandOanOinfusionOofO5%OdextroseOsolutionOwouldn'tOreduceOmuscleOcramps.

Reducing,OnotOincreasing,OtheOrateOofOdialysisOmayOalsoOalleviateOmuscleOcramps.