A&P EXAM 1 THE CELL BMCC BIO 425 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (100% PASS)

A&P EXAM 1 THE CELL BMCC BIO 425 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (100% PASS) Describe the plasma membrane of a eukaryotic cell. - ANSWER -the outer boundary of the cell What is (are) the functions of the plasma membrane? - ANSWER -to keep shape of the cell. to keep the material in and foreign objects out What is the chemical composition of the plasma membrane? - ANSWER -double layer of phospholipids in which proteins are embedded. What is the name of the cellular compartment located between the nucleus and the cell membrane? - ANSWER -cytoplasm-the fluid material between the nucleus and the plasma membrane Name the 2 components of the cytoplasm. - ANSWER -organelles and cytoskeleton Give a description of the cytosol? - ANSWER -Intracellular fluid, What is the cytosol made of? - ANSWER -contains dissolved nutrients, ions, soluble and insoluble proteins, and waste products Describe 3 anatomical features of the nucleus. - ANSWER -1) Nucleus: sphere structure 2) nuclear envelope: separates the nucleus from the cytoplasm 3)Pores: controls movement between the nucleus & cytoplasm Explain what is (are) the function(s) of the nucleus? - ANSWER -Ribosome synthesis & Stores DNA Describe 3 anatomical features of mitochondria. - ANSWER -1) matrix 2)ribosomes 3) cristae Explain what is the function of the mitochondria? - ANSWER -site of ATP synthesis; powerhouse of the cell. List 3 anatomical features of the ribosomes. - ANSWER -small particles of RNA and protein found through out the cytoplasm in all cells, produce proteins by following coded instructions from the DNA Explain what is (are) the function (s) of the ribosomes? - ANSWER -The sites of protein synthesis. List 3 anatomical features of the endoplasmic reticulum. - ANSWER -Smooth ER Rough ER *has robosomes Explain what is (are) the function (s) of the endoplasmic reticulum? - ANSWER - A network of channels running through the cytoplasm of a cell that serves in intracellular transportation, support, storage, synthesis, and packaging of molecules. Portions of ER where ribosomes are attached to the outer surface are called rough ER; portions that have no ribosomes are called smooth ER. List 3 anatomical features of the Golgi complex. - ANSWER -Smooth flattened, disk-like membrane-bound cisternae Explain what is (are) the function (s) of the Golgi complex? - ANSWER -1) Synthesis of complex polysaccharides 2) Modification of proteins and lipids 3) Transport of proteins 4) Sorting of proteins List 3 anatomical features of the lysosomes. - ANSWER -membrane-bound organelles that contain enzymes Explain what is (are) the function (s) of the lysosomes? - ANSWER -digest food, clean up and recycle List 3 anatomical features of the cellular vesicles. - ANSWER -1) moves molecules in the cell 2) composed of lipids 3) transports materials Explain what is (are) the function (s) of the cellular vesicles? - ANSWER - Vesicles are used to transport materials within a cell between the RER, Golgi and plasma membrane. - Cells manufacture molecules to be secreted outside of the cell, which are sometimes a complex combination of proteins, lipids and carbohydrates. List 3 anatomical features of the peroxisomes. - ANSWER -1) contain many enzymes 2) crystalloid core 3) present in all tissue Explain what is (are) the function (s) of the peroxisomes? - ANSWER -1) Lipid metabolism 2) breaks down H202 3) Neutralize free radicals Explain what is the cytoskeleton? - ANSWER -Internal protein framework that provides support and structure for the cell List 3 elements of the cytoskeleton - ANSWER -1) Microfilaments 2) microtubules 3)intermediate filaments Explain what is the function of the microtubules? - ANSWER -maintaining cell structure. (railroad tracks) What are the microtubules made of? - ANSWER -largest strands of cytoskeleton Explain what is the function of the microfilaments? - ANSWER -cell mobility