STUDY GUIDE FOR
UNDERSTANDING
MEDICAL SURGICAL
th
NURSING 6 EDITION.
, Answers
CHAPTER 1 Subjective Data
CRITICAL THINKING AND Definition: Information that is provided verbally by the
THE NURSING PROCESS
patient and referred to as symptoms.
Nursing Diagnosis
AUDIO CASE STUDY
Definition: Per NANDA International, a nursing diagnosis is
Jane and the Nursing Process a “clinical judgment concerning a human response to health
1. Assessment/data collection, diagnosis, planning, imple- conditions/life processes, or a vulnerability for that response,
mentation, and evaluation. by an individual, family, group or community. A nursing diag-
2. Jane was exhausted, failed a test, and was pulled in too nosis provides the basis for selection of nursing interventions
many directions. to achieve outcomes for which the nurse has accountability”
3. Jane’s resources included a good friend, sick time from (from www.nanda.org/glossary-of-terms).
work, and wasted time between classes that she could
better utilize. Your resources will be different, but they’re
Evaluation
there!
Definition: Examination of outcomes and interventions to de-
VOCABULARY termine progress toward desired outcomes and effectiveness of
interventions.
Nursing Process
Definition: An organizing framework that links thinking with
nursing actions. Steps include assessment/data collection,
Vigilance
nursing diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation. Definition: The act of being attentive, alert, and watchful.
Critical Thinking SUBJECTIVE AND OBJECTIVE DATA
Definition: The use of those cognitive (knowledge) skills or 1. Subjective (symptom)
strategies that increase the probability of a desirable outcome. 2. Subjective (symptom)
Also involves reflection, problem-solving, and related think- 3. Objective (sign)
ing skills. 4. Objective (sign)
5. Subjective (symptom)
6. Objective (sign)
Assessment 7. Subjective (symptom)
Definition: Gathering subjective and objective data to plan care. 8. Objective (sign)
9. Subjective (symptom)
10. Subjective (symptom)
Objective Data 11. Objective (sign)
Definition: Factual information obtained through physical as- 12. Objective (sign)
sessment and diagnostic tests. Objective data are observable 13. Subjective (symptom)
or knowable through the health care worker’s five senses. 14. Objective (sign)
Referred to as signs. 15. Objective (sign)
1
,2 Chapterok1 Answers
CRITICALokTHINKING
Thisokisokjustokoneokpossibleokwayoktookcompleteokaokcognitiveokmap.
Couldokitokbeoklow Frontalokare "Sick"okfeelin Hard Tylenolokhelps
AmokIokdiabetic a g Hungerokmake
? blood sugar? s
Patient'so Whereokisokit Quality Aggravatingokan
kperceptio ? dokalleviatingokfac
n tors
Foodokhelp
Headache s
Usefulokothe Severity Timing
rokdata
Sometimesokfee Motheroki 7–8okonok0– Lastsok1– Beforeokmeal Earlyokinokth
loksickoktookstom sokdiabet 10 2okhoursokonc s eokmornin
ach ic scale e starts g
REVIEWokQUESTIONS—CONTENTokREVIEWoksigns;okassessmentokisoktheokfirstokstepokinoktheoknursingokprocess.
(2,ok3,ok4)okareokallokstepsokinoktheoknursingokprocess,okforokwhich
Theokcorrectokanswersokareokinokboldface. theokregisteredoknurseokisokresponsible;oktheoklicensedokpract
1. (3)okisokaoknursingokdiagnosis.ok(1,ok2,ok4)okareokmedicalokdiag icaloknurse/licensedokvocationaloknurseokmayokassistoktheokr
noses. egis-okteredoknurseokwithokthese.
2. (1)okisokaokmedicalokdiagnosis.ok(2,ok3,ok4)okareoknursingokdiag 8. (1,ok4,ok5)okcanokbeokobservedokthroughokuseokofoktheokfiveok
noses. senses.ok(2,ok3)okareoksubjectiveokdataokthatoktheokpatientok
3. (1)okisokcorrect.okTheoknurseokwhookkeepsoktryingokuntiloktheo mustokreport.
kprob- 9. (2)okindicatesokthatoktheokpatientokisokconcernedokaboutokfree
oklemokisoksolved okisokexhibitingokperseverance.ok(2,ok3,ok4) ok domokfromokinjuryokandokharm.ok(1)okrelatesoktookbasicoknee
areokincorrect. dsoksuchokasokair,okoxygen,okandokwater.ok(3)okrelatesoktookfee
4. (3,ok4,ok5,ok1,ok2)okisoktheokcorrectokorder. lingokloved.ok(4)okisokrelatedoktookhavingokpositiveokself-
5. (1)okisoktheokbestokdefinition.ok(2,ok3,ok4)okdooknotokdefineok esteem.
criticalokthinkingokbutokareokexamplesokofokgoodokthinkin 10. (4)okisokobjective,okrealistic,okandokmeasurableokwithokaoktime
g.
REVIEWokQUESTIONS—TESTokPREPARATION
f rame. ok(1,ok2,ok3)okareokallokgoodokoutcomes,okbutoktheyokrelateokto
airwayokclearance,oknutrition,okandokstrength,oknotokdirectlyo
Theokcorrectokanswersokareokinokboldface.
ktookswallowing.
6. (4)okisokcorrect.okEvaluationokdeterminesokwhetherokgoalsoka 11.ok(2)okisokcorrect.okTheokthreeokpartsokofokaokdiagnosisokinclu
reokachievedokandokinterventionsokeffective.ok(2)okisoktheokrol deoktheokproblemok(fromoktheokNANDAokInternationalok[
eokofoktheokphysician.ok(1,ok3)okencompassokdataokcollectionok NANDA-
andokimple- I]oklist),oketiologyok(“relatedokto”),okandoksymptomsok(“aso
okmentation, okwhichokareokearlierokstepsokinoktheoknursingokpr kevi-
ocess. okdencedokby”).ok(1)okdoesoknotokincludeoksymptoms.ok(3)ok
7. (1)okisokcorrect.okTheoklicensedokpracticaloknurse/licensedokv isokaokmedicalokdiagnosis.ok(4)okisoknotokaokNANDA-
oca- Iokdiagnosis,okandoktheokevidenceokisoknotokrelatedoktookdys
oktionaloknurseokcanokcollectokdata,okwhichokincludesoktaking pnea.
okvital
, Answers
CHAPTER 2 ok 6.okHealthokliteracy:okDegreeoktookwhichokaokpersonokhasoktheokcapac-
ityoktookobtain,okprocess,okandokunderstandokbasicokhealthokinfor-
EVIDENCE- mationokandokservicesoktookmakeoktheokbest-
BASED PRACTICE
informedokhealthokdecisions.
AUDIO CASE STUDY
ok 5. Systematicokreview:okAokreviewokofokrelevantokresearchokusingokg
ok ok
idelines.
MarieokandokEvidence-BasedokPractice
1. Thirdhandoksmokeokisoktheokdangerousoktoxinsokofoksmokeo
kthatoklingerokonokhair, okclothing,okfurniture, okand okother oks
urfacesokinokanokareaokafterokaokcigaretteokisokputokout.okMar
ieoklearnedokthatokexposureoktooktheseoktoxinsokcanokbeokne
urotoxicoktookchildrenokandokcanoktriggerokasthmaokattackso
kinoksensitiveokpeople.
2. Evidence-
basedokpracticeokisokconsideredoktheokgoldokstandardokofokhe
althokcare.
3. Stepok1:okAskoktheokburningokquestion.okStepok2:okSearchokan
dokcollectoktheokmostokrelevantokandokbestokevidenceokavaila
ble.okStepok3:okThinkokcritically.okAppraiseoktheokevidenceokf
orokvalidity,okrelevanceoktooktheoksituation,okandokapplicabili
ty.o k Stepok4:okMeasureoktheokoutcomesokbeforeokandokafteroki
nstitutingoktheokchange.okStepok5:okMakeokitokhappen.okStepok
6:okEvaluateoktheokpracticeokdecisionokorokchange.
4. Combinationoktherapyokwithokaoknicotineokpatchokandoknicot
ineoklozengesokworkedokbest,okalthoughokbupropionok(Zyba
n)okandoknicotineoklozengesokworkedokwell,oktoo.okAokCochr
aneokReviewokfoundokthatokadviceokandoksupportokfromoknur
singokstaffokcanokincreaseokpatients’oksuccessokinokquittingoks
moking,okespeciallyokinokaokhospitaloksetting.
VOCABULARY
1. Evidence-
basedokpractice:okAoksystematicokprocessokthatokusesokcurre
ntokevidenceokinokmakingokdecisionsokaboutokpatientokcare.
2. Evidence-
informedokpractice:okConsiderationokofokpatientokfac-
oktorsokalongokwithoktheokuseokofokevidence okfor oksharedokdeci
sion-
okmakingokbetweenoktheokhealthokcareokproviderokandoktheokpa
tient.
3. Randomizedokcontrolledoktrials:okTrueokexperimentalokstud
iesokinokwhichokasokmanyokfactorsokasokpossibleokthatokcould
okfalselyokchange oktheokresultsokareokcontrolled.
4. Research:okScientificokstudy,okinvestigation,okorokexperimen
ta-
oktionokto okestablishokfactsokand okanalyze oktheir oksignificance
.
1
UNDERSTANDING
MEDICAL SURGICAL
th
NURSING 6 EDITION.
, Answers
CHAPTER 1 Subjective Data
CRITICAL THINKING AND Definition: Information that is provided verbally by the
THE NURSING PROCESS
patient and referred to as symptoms.
Nursing Diagnosis
AUDIO CASE STUDY
Definition: Per NANDA International, a nursing diagnosis is
Jane and the Nursing Process a “clinical judgment concerning a human response to health
1. Assessment/data collection, diagnosis, planning, imple- conditions/life processes, or a vulnerability for that response,
mentation, and evaluation. by an individual, family, group or community. A nursing diag-
2. Jane was exhausted, failed a test, and was pulled in too nosis provides the basis for selection of nursing interventions
many directions. to achieve outcomes for which the nurse has accountability”
3. Jane’s resources included a good friend, sick time from (from www.nanda.org/glossary-of-terms).
work, and wasted time between classes that she could
better utilize. Your resources will be different, but they’re
Evaluation
there!
Definition: Examination of outcomes and interventions to de-
VOCABULARY termine progress toward desired outcomes and effectiveness of
interventions.
Nursing Process
Definition: An organizing framework that links thinking with
nursing actions. Steps include assessment/data collection,
Vigilance
nursing diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation. Definition: The act of being attentive, alert, and watchful.
Critical Thinking SUBJECTIVE AND OBJECTIVE DATA
Definition: The use of those cognitive (knowledge) skills or 1. Subjective (symptom)
strategies that increase the probability of a desirable outcome. 2. Subjective (symptom)
Also involves reflection, problem-solving, and related think- 3. Objective (sign)
ing skills. 4. Objective (sign)
5. Subjective (symptom)
6. Objective (sign)
Assessment 7. Subjective (symptom)
Definition: Gathering subjective and objective data to plan care. 8. Objective (sign)
9. Subjective (symptom)
10. Subjective (symptom)
Objective Data 11. Objective (sign)
Definition: Factual information obtained through physical as- 12. Objective (sign)
sessment and diagnostic tests. Objective data are observable 13. Subjective (symptom)
or knowable through the health care worker’s five senses. 14. Objective (sign)
Referred to as signs. 15. Objective (sign)
1
,2 Chapterok1 Answers
CRITICALokTHINKING
Thisokisokjustokoneokpossibleokwayoktookcompleteokaokcognitiveokmap.
Couldokitokbeoklow Frontalokare "Sick"okfeelin Hard Tylenolokhelps
AmokIokdiabetic a g Hungerokmake
? blood sugar? s
Patient'so Whereokisokit Quality Aggravatingokan
kperceptio ? dokalleviatingokfac
n tors
Foodokhelp
Headache s
Usefulokothe Severity Timing
rokdata
Sometimesokfee Motheroki 7–8okonok0– Lastsok1– Beforeokmeal Earlyokinokth
loksickoktookstom sokdiabet 10 2okhoursokonc s eokmornin
ach ic scale e starts g
REVIEWokQUESTIONS—CONTENTokREVIEWoksigns;okassessmentokisoktheokfirstokstepokinoktheoknursingokprocess.
(2,ok3,ok4)okareokallokstepsokinoktheoknursingokprocess,okforokwhich
Theokcorrectokanswersokareokinokboldface. theokregisteredoknurseokisokresponsible;oktheoklicensedokpract
1. (3)okisokaoknursingokdiagnosis.ok(1,ok2,ok4)okareokmedicalokdiag icaloknurse/licensedokvocationaloknurseokmayokassistoktheokr
noses. egis-okteredoknurseokwithokthese.
2. (1)okisokaokmedicalokdiagnosis.ok(2,ok3,ok4)okareoknursingokdiag 8. (1,ok4,ok5)okcanokbeokobservedokthroughokuseokofoktheokfiveok
noses. senses.ok(2,ok3)okareoksubjectiveokdataokthatoktheokpatientok
3. (1)okisokcorrect.okTheoknurseokwhookkeepsoktryingokuntiloktheo mustokreport.
kprob- 9. (2)okindicatesokthatoktheokpatientokisokconcernedokaboutokfree
oklemokisoksolved okisokexhibitingokperseverance.ok(2,ok3,ok4) ok domokfromokinjuryokandokharm.ok(1)okrelatesoktookbasicoknee
areokincorrect. dsoksuchokasokair,okoxygen,okandokwater.ok(3)okrelatesoktookfee
4. (3,ok4,ok5,ok1,ok2)okisoktheokcorrectokorder. lingokloved.ok(4)okisokrelatedoktookhavingokpositiveokself-
5. (1)okisoktheokbestokdefinition.ok(2,ok3,ok4)okdooknotokdefineok esteem.
criticalokthinkingokbutokareokexamplesokofokgoodokthinkin 10. (4)okisokobjective,okrealistic,okandokmeasurableokwithokaoktime
g.
REVIEWokQUESTIONS—TESTokPREPARATION
f rame. ok(1,ok2,ok3)okareokallokgoodokoutcomes,okbutoktheyokrelateokto
airwayokclearance,oknutrition,okandokstrength,oknotokdirectlyo
Theokcorrectokanswersokareokinokboldface.
ktookswallowing.
6. (4)okisokcorrect.okEvaluationokdeterminesokwhetherokgoalsoka 11.ok(2)okisokcorrect.okTheokthreeokpartsokofokaokdiagnosisokinclu
reokachievedokandokinterventionsokeffective.ok(2)okisoktheokrol deoktheokproblemok(fromoktheokNANDAokInternationalok[
eokofoktheokphysician.ok(1,ok3)okencompassokdataokcollectionok NANDA-
andokimple- I]oklist),oketiologyok(“relatedokto”),okandoksymptomsok(“aso
okmentation, okwhichokareokearlierokstepsokinoktheoknursingokpr kevi-
ocess. okdencedokby”).ok(1)okdoesoknotokincludeoksymptoms.ok(3)ok
7. (1)okisokcorrect.okTheoklicensedokpracticaloknurse/licensedokv isokaokmedicalokdiagnosis.ok(4)okisoknotokaokNANDA-
oca- Iokdiagnosis,okandoktheokevidenceokisoknotokrelatedoktookdys
oktionaloknurseokcanokcollectokdata,okwhichokincludesoktaking pnea.
okvital
, Answers
CHAPTER 2 ok 6.okHealthokliteracy:okDegreeoktookwhichokaokpersonokhasoktheokcapac-
ityoktookobtain,okprocess,okandokunderstandokbasicokhealthokinfor-
EVIDENCE- mationokandokservicesoktookmakeoktheokbest-
BASED PRACTICE
informedokhealthokdecisions.
AUDIO CASE STUDY
ok 5. Systematicokreview:okAokreviewokofokrelevantokresearchokusingokg
ok ok
idelines.
MarieokandokEvidence-BasedokPractice
1. Thirdhandoksmokeokisoktheokdangerousoktoxinsokofoksmokeo
kthatoklingerokonokhair, okclothing,okfurniture, okand okother oks
urfacesokinokanokareaokafterokaokcigaretteokisokputokout.okMar
ieoklearnedokthatokexposureoktooktheseoktoxinsokcanokbeokne
urotoxicoktookchildrenokandokcanoktriggerokasthmaokattackso
kinoksensitiveokpeople.
2. Evidence-
basedokpracticeokisokconsideredoktheokgoldokstandardokofokhe
althokcare.
3. Stepok1:okAskoktheokburningokquestion.okStepok2:okSearchokan
dokcollectoktheokmostokrelevantokandokbestokevidenceokavaila
ble.okStepok3:okThinkokcritically.okAppraiseoktheokevidenceokf
orokvalidity,okrelevanceoktooktheoksituation,okandokapplicabili
ty.o k Stepok4:okMeasureoktheokoutcomesokbeforeokandokafteroki
nstitutingoktheokchange.okStepok5:okMakeokitokhappen.okStepok
6:okEvaluateoktheokpracticeokdecisionokorokchange.
4. Combinationoktherapyokwithokaoknicotineokpatchokandoknicot
ineoklozengesokworkedokbest,okalthoughokbupropionok(Zyba
n)okandoknicotineoklozengesokworkedokwell,oktoo.okAokCochr
aneokReviewokfoundokthatokadviceokandoksupportokfromoknur
singokstaffokcanokincreaseokpatients’oksuccessokinokquittingoks
moking,okespeciallyokinokaokhospitaloksetting.
VOCABULARY
1. Evidence-
basedokpractice:okAoksystematicokprocessokthatokusesokcurre
ntokevidenceokinokmakingokdecisionsokaboutokpatientokcare.
2. Evidence-
informedokpractice:okConsiderationokofokpatientokfac-
oktorsokalongokwithoktheokuseokofokevidence okfor oksharedokdeci
sion-
okmakingokbetweenoktheokhealthokcareokproviderokandoktheokpa
tient.
3. Randomizedokcontrolledoktrials:okTrueokexperimentalokstud
iesokinokwhichokasokmanyokfactorsokasokpossibleokthatokcould
okfalselyokchange oktheokresultsokareokcontrolled.
4. Research:okScientificokstudy,okinvestigation,okorokexperimen
ta-
oktionokto okestablishokfactsokand okanalyze oktheir oksignificance
.
1
