S
cells use lots of energy just to stay alive
energy is the capacity to cause change or to perform work
cells use chemical energy
original source of all chemical energy -> light energy (through photosynthesis)
first law of thermodynamics: energy can't be created or destroyed
energy is transformed
second law of thermodynamics: all energy conversions increase the disorder (entropy) of the universe
universe always becomes more chaotic
if things become more ordered, energy is being spent
spontaneous vs not spontaneous processes
building molecules uses work, breaking bonds releases energy
photosynthesis - plants/producers build energy storing molecules using light energy
cellular respiration - living cells break down glucose molecules into water & carbon dioxide, releasing energy
ALL things do cellular respiration, ONLY plants do photosynthesis
CO2 & H2O -> glucose & O2 (photosynthesis), glucose & O2 -> H2o & CO2 (cellular respiration in mitochondria)
input for one is output for another
chemical reactions either:
release energy (exergonic reaction) — GONIC for energy, not THERMIC (for heat)
require energy (endergonic reactions)
photosynthesis (light, build)
plants use carbon & water to build large energy-storing molecules using light energy
6CO2 & 6H2O -> C6H12O6
CO2 increasing bc global warming — photosynthesis is useful to remove CO2 from air
passing phosphate =
providing energy ATP
motor protein moving down filament
-
-
① +
15
homeostasis
pretty much every time a cell works ,
it uses a P provided by ATP --A
+
⑰
Cellular respiration
AOP +
⑬
- for glucose : 1 + 32 ATP
if an electron is moving , energy is moving
When glucose's C-H bonds broken , electrons transferred + o CH1206 +
602 + 6202 +
GHz0 + ATP
intermediate molecules ,
which passe-to Oxygen
When transferred ,
electrons lose potential energy + stored in ATP
redox reactions
-
OIL RIG
-
hydrogen accompanies electrons
~
if a molecule loses an election ,
it loses a hydrogen
NADT , FAB-accept electrons (NAP-NATH , FAD +
FADH) +high energy electron carrier
cells use lots of energy just to stay alive
energy is the capacity to cause change or to perform work
cells use chemical energy
original source of all chemical energy -> light energy (through photosynthesis)
first law of thermodynamics: energy can't be created or destroyed
energy is transformed
second law of thermodynamics: all energy conversions increase the disorder (entropy) of the universe
universe always becomes more chaotic
if things become more ordered, energy is being spent
spontaneous vs not spontaneous processes
building molecules uses work, breaking bonds releases energy
photosynthesis - plants/producers build energy storing molecules using light energy
cellular respiration - living cells break down glucose molecules into water & carbon dioxide, releasing energy
ALL things do cellular respiration, ONLY plants do photosynthesis
CO2 & H2O -> glucose & O2 (photosynthesis), glucose & O2 -> H2o & CO2 (cellular respiration in mitochondria)
input for one is output for another
chemical reactions either:
release energy (exergonic reaction) — GONIC for energy, not THERMIC (for heat)
require energy (endergonic reactions)
photosynthesis (light, build)
plants use carbon & water to build large energy-storing molecules using light energy
6CO2 & 6H2O -> C6H12O6
CO2 increasing bc global warming — photosynthesis is useful to remove CO2 from air
passing phosphate =
providing energy ATP
motor protein moving down filament
-
-
① +
15
homeostasis
pretty much every time a cell works ,
it uses a P provided by ATP --A
+
⑰
Cellular respiration
AOP +
⑬
- for glucose : 1 + 32 ATP
if an electron is moving , energy is moving
When glucose's C-H bonds broken , electrons transferred + o CH1206 +
602 + 6202 +
GHz0 + ATP
intermediate molecules ,
which passe-to Oxygen
When transferred ,
electrons lose potential energy + stored in ATP
redox reactions
-
OIL RIG
-
hydrogen accompanies electrons
~
if a molecule loses an election ,
it loses a hydrogen
NADT , FAB-accept electrons (NAP-NATH , FAD +
FADH) +high energy electron carrier
