Biological Anthropology Chapters
1-4 Questions and Answers 100%
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What is physical (biological) anthropology? - ✔✔The study of evolution and variation
in humans
What is anthropology? - ✔✔The study of humankind, viewed from the perspective of
all people and times.
What are the four branches of anthropology? - ✔✔Cultural, Archaeology, physical,
linguistic
Franz Boas - ✔✔-American anthropology pioneer
-Trained influential anthropologists such as Margaret Mead and Ruth Benedict.
- Emphasized the importance of scientific method
- Linguistic Anthropology
Sub-disciplines of Physical Anthropology - ✔✔-Primate biology and behavior
-Osteology and Skeletal Biology; Forensic Anthropology
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,-Paleoanthropology
-Human variation and adaption
-Human growth and development & nutrition
-Genetics
Biocultural Approach - ✔✔Humans are a result of a combination of inherited
(biological) traits and cultural (learned) traits.
Anthropology - ✔✔Focuses on broad, comparative (holistic) approach
Biological/Physical Anthropology - ✔✔The study of human biological evolution and
bio-cultural variation.
Biological/Physical Anthropology Key Concepts - ✔✔- All humans are a product of
their evolutionary history
- All humans are a product of their individual life history
Six Steps to Humanness - ✔✔Bipedalism, Non-honing chewing, Material cultural and
tools, Speech, Hunting, Domestication, Brain Size and Intelligence
The Scientific Method - ✔✔Science: A question driven evidence based understanding of
the natural world.
Hypothesis: A testable statement that could potentially explain specific phenomena
observed in the natural world
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, Scientific Method Charles Darwin - ✔✔Consider Charles Darwin as an example of the
scientific method at work.
Origin of Bipedalism: Darwin's hypothesis: Environmental change, Freed hands for tool
use
Origin of Bipedalism - ✔✔How do we know if Darwin in is right or wrong?
- Data
- Fossils reveal upright walking evolved in forest habitats.
- Stone tool use
How did the theory of evolution come to be? - ✔✔Aristotle, Greek
What was Darwins contribution to the theory of evolution? - ✔✔He was wrong with a
lot of things, but right with the information that he had
Darwin and the HMS Beagle - ✔✔-5 year voyage around the world
- Collected samples of plants, animals, fossils, and rocks.
- Observed that finches were adapted for specific environments.
Darwins Main Idea of Natural Selection/Evolution - ✔✔Animals came from south
america and into the Galapagos islands. He collected many samples.
Emily Charlene © All Rights Reserved 2025. 3
1-4 Questions and Answers 100%
Pass
What is physical (biological) anthropology? - ✔✔The study of evolution and variation
in humans
What is anthropology? - ✔✔The study of humankind, viewed from the perspective of
all people and times.
What are the four branches of anthropology? - ✔✔Cultural, Archaeology, physical,
linguistic
Franz Boas - ✔✔-American anthropology pioneer
-Trained influential anthropologists such as Margaret Mead and Ruth Benedict.
- Emphasized the importance of scientific method
- Linguistic Anthropology
Sub-disciplines of Physical Anthropology - ✔✔-Primate biology and behavior
-Osteology and Skeletal Biology; Forensic Anthropology
Emily Charlene © All Rights Reserved 2025. 1
,-Paleoanthropology
-Human variation and adaption
-Human growth and development & nutrition
-Genetics
Biocultural Approach - ✔✔Humans are a result of a combination of inherited
(biological) traits and cultural (learned) traits.
Anthropology - ✔✔Focuses on broad, comparative (holistic) approach
Biological/Physical Anthropology - ✔✔The study of human biological evolution and
bio-cultural variation.
Biological/Physical Anthropology Key Concepts - ✔✔- All humans are a product of
their evolutionary history
- All humans are a product of their individual life history
Six Steps to Humanness - ✔✔Bipedalism, Non-honing chewing, Material cultural and
tools, Speech, Hunting, Domestication, Brain Size and Intelligence
The Scientific Method - ✔✔Science: A question driven evidence based understanding of
the natural world.
Hypothesis: A testable statement that could potentially explain specific phenomena
observed in the natural world
Emily Charlene © All Rights Reserved 2025. 2
, Scientific Method Charles Darwin - ✔✔Consider Charles Darwin as an example of the
scientific method at work.
Origin of Bipedalism: Darwin's hypothesis: Environmental change, Freed hands for tool
use
Origin of Bipedalism - ✔✔How do we know if Darwin in is right or wrong?
- Data
- Fossils reveal upright walking evolved in forest habitats.
- Stone tool use
How did the theory of evolution come to be? - ✔✔Aristotle, Greek
What was Darwins contribution to the theory of evolution? - ✔✔He was wrong with a
lot of things, but right with the information that he had
Darwin and the HMS Beagle - ✔✔-5 year voyage around the world
- Collected samples of plants, animals, fossils, and rocks.
- Observed that finches were adapted for specific environments.
Darwins Main Idea of Natural Selection/Evolution - ✔✔Animals came from south
america and into the Galapagos islands. He collected many samples.
Emily Charlene © All Rights Reserved 2025. 3
