CH 1-4 Essentials of Biological Anthropology 5th edition Questions and Answers

CH 1-4 Essentials of Biological Anthropology 5th edition Questions and Answers The four branches of anthropology - cultural, archaeology, linguistic, biological Focus of Cultural Anthropology - Study living populations, spend time with cultural groups to gain more intimate perspectives on cultures. focus of archeological anthropology - study past human behaviours, investigate material remains left behind by humans focus of linguistic anthropology - study all aspects of language and language use. focus of biological anthropology - study human evolution and variation. what is anthropology - The study of humankind, viewed from the perspective of all people and all times. define culture - learned behaviour that is transmitted from person to person- unifying theme of study in cultural anthropology. define artifacts - material objects from past cultures. 2Emily Charlene © All Rights Reserved 2025. define language - set of written or spoken symbols used by humans to refer to things other than themselves. define sociolinguistics - the science of investigating language's social contexts. biocultural approach - the scientific study of the interrelationship between what humans have inherited genetically and culturally. hominins - humans and humanlike ancestors. earliest human ancestor appearance - first appearing in Africa around 6-8 mya genome - the complete set of genetic information— chromosomal and mitochondrial DNA—for an organism or species that represents all of the inheritable traits primates - A group of mammals in the order Primates that have complex behavior, varied forms of locomotion, and a unique suite of traits, including large brains, forward-facing eyes, fingernails, and reduced snouts. forensic anthropology - The branch of physical anthropology pertaining to the recovery, analysis, and identification of human remains. what kind of science do bioanthropologists practise? - interdisciplinary science. What makes humans different from animals? - six big events; Bipedalism, loss of honing canine, tools/material culture, speech, hunting & domestication of plants and animals, brains 3Emily Charlene © All Rights Reserved 2025. bipedalism - walking upright on two feet 6-8 mya nonhoning canine tooth - An upper canine tooth that, as part of a nonhoning chewing mechanism, is not sharpened against the lower third premolar, 5.5 mya material culture - the part of culture that is expressed as material objects that humans use to manipulate environments. 2.6 mya speech - oral expression of language. 2.5 mya hunting - the catching and killing of wildlife for food. 1 mya domesticated food - think: domestication, rai