1/55
,Test Bank - Pediatric Nursing: A Case-
Based Approach,2nd Edition (Tagher,
2024), Chapter 1-34 | All Chapters graded
A
Chapter81:8 Bronchiolitis
1. Which8 intervention8 is8appropriate8 for8 the8 infant8 hospitalized8with8bronchi
olitis?
a. Position8on8the8side8with8neck8slightly8flexed.
b. Administer8 antibiotics8 as8ordered.
c. Restrict8oral8and8parenteral8fluids8if8tachypneic.
d. Give8cool,8humidifi
ed8oxygen.8ANSWER:8D
Cool,8humidified8oxygen8is8given8to8relieve8dyspnea,8hypoxemia,8 and8inse
nsible8fluid8 loss8from
tachypnea.8 The8 infant8should8be8 positioned8 with8the8 head8an
d8 chest8 elevated8 at8 a830-8to8 40-
degree8angle8and8 the8 neck8 slightly8extended8 to8 maintain8 an8
open8 airway8and8 decrease8pressure8 on8the8diaphragm.8The8e
tiology8of8bronchiolitis8is8 viral.8Antibiotics8are8 given8only8if8the
re8is8a8secondary8bacterial8infection.8Tachypnea8increases8ins
ensible8fluid8loss.8If8the8 infant8is8 tachypneic,8 fluids8are8given8
parenterally8to8prevent8dehydration.
2. An8infant8 with8bronchiolitis8is8hospitalized.8The8causativ
e8organism8is8respiratory8syncytial8virus8(RSV).8The8nurse8knows8
that8 a8child8infected8with8this8virus8requires8what8type8of8isolatio
n?
a. Reverse8isolation
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, b. Airborne8isolation
c. Contact8Precautions
d. Standard8Pr
ecautions8ANSWER:8C
RSV8is8transmitted8through8droplets.8 In8 addition8to8Standard8
Precautions8 and8 hand8 washing,8Contact8Precautions8are8re
quired.8Caregivers8must8use8gloves8and8gowns8when8enter
ing8the8room.8Care8 is8 taken8 not8 to8 touch8their8 own8 eyes8or8
mucous8 membranes8 with8 a8 contaminated8 gloved8 hand.8Childr
en8are8placed8in8a8private8room8or8in8a8room8with8other8ch
ildren8with8RSV8 infections.
Reverse8isolation8 focuses8 on8keeping8 bacteria8away8 from8the
8 infant.8 With8RSV,8 other8 children8need8to8be8protected8from
8exposure8to8the8virus.8The8virus8 is8not8airborne.
3. A8child8 has8 a8chronic8cough8 and8 diffuse8 wheezing8 durin
g8the8 expiratory8phase8 of8respiration.8This8suggests8what8conditio
n?
a. Asthma
b. Pneumonia
c. Bronchiolitis
d. Foreign8body8i
n8trachea8ANSWER:8A
Asthma8 may8have8these8 chronic8 signs8and8 symptoms.8 Pneu
monia8appears8 with8an8 acute8onset,8 fever,8and8general8malais
e.8Bronchiolitis8is8an8acute8condition8caused8by8respiratory8sy
ncytial
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, virus.8Foreign8body8in8the8trachea8 occurs8with8acute8respiratory8distress8
or8failure8 and8maybe8 stridor.
4. Which8nursing8diagnosis8is8most8appropriate8for8an8i
nfant8with8acute8bronchiolitis8due8to8respiratory8syncytial8virus8
(RSV)?
a. Activity8Intolerance
b. Decreased8Cardiac8Output
c. Pain,8Acute
d. Tissue8Perfusion,8Ineffect
ive8(peripheral)8ANS.8A
Rationale81:8Activity8intolerance8is8a8problem8because8of8the8
imbalance8between8oxygen8supply8and8demand.8Cardiac8out
put8is8not8compromised8during8an8acute8phase8of8bronchio
litis.8Pain8is8not8usually8associated8with8acute8bronchiolitis.8T
issue8perfusion8(peripheral)8 is8not8 affected8by8 this8respiratory
-disease8process.
Rationale8 2:8 Activity8intolerance8 is8a8 problem8because8 of8the
8 imbalance8between8oxygen8supply8 and8demand.8Cardiac8ou
tput8is8not8compromised8during8an8acute8phase8of8bronchi
olitis.8Pain8is8not8usually8associated8with8acute8bronchiolitis.8
Tissue8perfusion8(peripheral)8 is8not8 affected8by8 this8respirator
y-disease8process.
Rationale83:8Activity8intolerance8 is8a8problem8because8of8the
8 imbalance8between8 oxygen8 supply8 and8demand.8Cardiac8ou
tput8is8not8compromised8during8an8acute8phase8of8bronchi
olitis.8Pain8is8not8usually8associated8with8acute8bronchiolitis.8
Tissue8perfusion8(peripheral)8 is8not8 affected8by8 this8respirator
y-disease8process.
Rationale8 4:8 Activity8intolerance8 is8a8 problem8because8 of8the
8 imbalance8between8oxygen8supply8 and8demand.8Cardiac8ou
tput8is8not8compromised8during8an8acute8phase8of8bronchi
olitis.8Pain8is8not8usually8associated8with8acute8bronchiolitis.8
Tissue8perfusion8(peripheral)8 is8not8 affected8by8 this8respirator
y-disease8process.
Global8Rationale:8Activity8intolerance8is8a8problem8because8
of8the8imbalance8between8oxygen8supply8and8demand.8Cardi
4/55
,Test Bank - Pediatric Nursing: A Case-
Based Approach,2nd Edition (Tagher,
2024), Chapter 1-34 | All Chapters graded
A
Chapter81:8 Bronchiolitis
1. Which8 intervention8 is8appropriate8 for8 the8 infant8 hospitalized8with8bronchi
olitis?
a. Position8on8the8side8with8neck8slightly8flexed.
b. Administer8 antibiotics8 as8ordered.
c. Restrict8oral8and8parenteral8fluids8if8tachypneic.
d. Give8cool,8humidifi
ed8oxygen.8ANSWER:8D
Cool,8humidified8oxygen8is8given8to8relieve8dyspnea,8hypoxemia,8 and8inse
nsible8fluid8 loss8from
tachypnea.8 The8 infant8should8be8 positioned8 with8the8 head8an
d8 chest8 elevated8 at8 a830-8to8 40-
degree8angle8and8 the8 neck8 slightly8extended8 to8 maintain8 an8
open8 airway8and8 decrease8pressure8 on8the8diaphragm.8The8e
tiology8of8bronchiolitis8is8 viral.8Antibiotics8are8 given8only8if8the
re8is8a8secondary8bacterial8infection.8Tachypnea8increases8ins
ensible8fluid8loss.8If8the8 infant8is8 tachypneic,8 fluids8are8given8
parenterally8to8prevent8dehydration.
2. An8infant8 with8bronchiolitis8is8hospitalized.8The8causativ
e8organism8is8respiratory8syncytial8virus8(RSV).8The8nurse8knows8
that8 a8child8infected8with8this8virus8requires8what8type8of8isolatio
n?
a. Reverse8isolation
2/55
, b. Airborne8isolation
c. Contact8Precautions
d. Standard8Pr
ecautions8ANSWER:8C
RSV8is8transmitted8through8droplets.8 In8 addition8to8Standard8
Precautions8 and8 hand8 washing,8Contact8Precautions8are8re
quired.8Caregivers8must8use8gloves8and8gowns8when8enter
ing8the8room.8Care8 is8 taken8 not8 to8 touch8their8 own8 eyes8or8
mucous8 membranes8 with8 a8 contaminated8 gloved8 hand.8Childr
en8are8placed8in8a8private8room8or8in8a8room8with8other8ch
ildren8with8RSV8 infections.
Reverse8isolation8 focuses8 on8keeping8 bacteria8away8 from8the
8 infant.8 With8RSV,8 other8 children8need8to8be8protected8from
8exposure8to8the8virus.8The8virus8 is8not8airborne.
3. A8child8 has8 a8chronic8cough8 and8 diffuse8 wheezing8 durin
g8the8 expiratory8phase8 of8respiration.8This8suggests8what8conditio
n?
a. Asthma
b. Pneumonia
c. Bronchiolitis
d. Foreign8body8i
n8trachea8ANSWER:8A
Asthma8 may8have8these8 chronic8 signs8and8 symptoms.8 Pneu
monia8appears8 with8an8 acute8onset,8 fever,8and8general8malais
e.8Bronchiolitis8is8an8acute8condition8caused8by8respiratory8sy
ncytial
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, virus.8Foreign8body8in8the8trachea8 occurs8with8acute8respiratory8distress8
or8failure8 and8maybe8 stridor.
4. Which8nursing8diagnosis8is8most8appropriate8for8an8i
nfant8with8acute8bronchiolitis8due8to8respiratory8syncytial8virus8
(RSV)?
a. Activity8Intolerance
b. Decreased8Cardiac8Output
c. Pain,8Acute
d. Tissue8Perfusion,8Ineffect
ive8(peripheral)8ANS.8A
Rationale81:8Activity8intolerance8is8a8problem8because8of8the8
imbalance8between8oxygen8supply8and8demand.8Cardiac8out
put8is8not8compromised8during8an8acute8phase8of8bronchio
litis.8Pain8is8not8usually8associated8with8acute8bronchiolitis.8T
issue8perfusion8(peripheral)8 is8not8 affected8by8 this8respiratory
-disease8process.
Rationale8 2:8 Activity8intolerance8 is8a8 problem8because8 of8the
8 imbalance8between8oxygen8supply8 and8demand.8Cardiac8ou
tput8is8not8compromised8during8an8acute8phase8of8bronchi
olitis.8Pain8is8not8usually8associated8with8acute8bronchiolitis.8
Tissue8perfusion8(peripheral)8 is8not8 affected8by8 this8respirator
y-disease8process.
Rationale83:8Activity8intolerance8 is8a8problem8because8of8the
8 imbalance8between8 oxygen8 supply8 and8demand.8Cardiac8ou
tput8is8not8compromised8during8an8acute8phase8of8bronchi
olitis.8Pain8is8not8usually8associated8with8acute8bronchiolitis.8
Tissue8perfusion8(peripheral)8 is8not8 affected8by8 this8respirator
y-disease8process.
Rationale8 4:8 Activity8intolerance8 is8a8 problem8because8 of8the
8 imbalance8between8oxygen8supply8 and8demand.8Cardiac8ou
tput8is8not8compromised8during8an8acute8phase8of8bronchi
olitis.8Pain8is8not8usually8associated8with8acute8bronchiolitis.8
Tissue8perfusion8(peripheral)8 is8not8 affected8by8 this8respirator
y-disease8process.
Global8Rationale:8Activity8intolerance8is8a8problem8because8
of8the8imbalance8between8oxygen8supply8and8demand.8Cardi
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