Exam
STRAIGHTERLINE INTRODUCTION
TO STATISTICS QUIZ (GRADED A)
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2024
Four steps in the process of statistics - ANSWER ✓✓✓1. Producing Data
2. Exploratory Data Analysis
3. Probability
4. Inference
Interpreting Scatterplots:
Least Squares Regression Line - ANSWER ✓✓✓Has the smallest sum of squared
vertical deviations of the data points from the line.
Categorical variable - ANSWER ✓✓✓places individuals into one of several groups
Two types: nominal and ordinal
Quantitative Variable - ANSWER ✓✓✓represents a measurement or a count
Two types: Interval and ratio
Nominal Variable - ANSWER ✓✓✓categorical variables where there is no natural
order among the categories
Ordinal variable - ANSWER ✓✓✓categorical variables where there is natural order
among the categories
, Interval Variable - ANSWER ✓✓✓a measurement or count for which it makes sense to
talk about the difference between values, but it does not make sense to talk about the
ratio between values; 0 does not represent the absence of quanitity
Ratio Variable - ANSWER ✓✓✓quantitative variables for which it makes sense to talk
about the difference between values AND the ratio between values; 0 represents the
absence of quantity
What type of variable?:
eye color - ANSWER ✓✓✓nominal
What type of variable?:
socioeconomic status with categories low, med, high - ANSWER ✓✓✓Ordinal
What type of variable?:
Temperature - ANSWER ✓✓✓Interval
What type of variable?:
Income - ANSWER ✓✓✓Ratio
Visual display and numerical summary for a single categorical variable - ANSWER ✓✓
✓pie chart or bar chart
and category percentages
Visual display and numerical summary for a single quantitative variable - ANSWER ✓✓
✓histogram or stemplot
and descriptive statistics
Visual display and numerical summary for C->C - ANSWER ✓✓✓Two way table and
conditional percentages
Visual display and numerical summary for C->Q - ANSWER ✓✓✓Side by side box
plots and descriptive statistics
Visual display and numerical summary for Q->Q - ANSWER ✓✓✓Scatterplot and
correlation coefficient (r)
Standard Deviation Rule - ANSWER ✓✓✓Approximately
68% of observations fall within 1 sd of the mean,
95% within 2 sd,
99.7% (or virtually all) within 3 sds
Interquartile Range (IQR) - ANSWER ✓✓✓Middle 50% of the data
IQR= Q3-Q1
STRAIGHTERLINE INTRODUCTION
TO STATISTICS QUIZ (GRADED A)
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2024
Four steps in the process of statistics - ANSWER ✓✓✓1. Producing Data
2. Exploratory Data Analysis
3. Probability
4. Inference
Interpreting Scatterplots:
Least Squares Regression Line - ANSWER ✓✓✓Has the smallest sum of squared
vertical deviations of the data points from the line.
Categorical variable - ANSWER ✓✓✓places individuals into one of several groups
Two types: nominal and ordinal
Quantitative Variable - ANSWER ✓✓✓represents a measurement or a count
Two types: Interval and ratio
Nominal Variable - ANSWER ✓✓✓categorical variables where there is no natural
order among the categories
Ordinal variable - ANSWER ✓✓✓categorical variables where there is natural order
among the categories
, Interval Variable - ANSWER ✓✓✓a measurement or count for which it makes sense to
talk about the difference between values, but it does not make sense to talk about the
ratio between values; 0 does not represent the absence of quanitity
Ratio Variable - ANSWER ✓✓✓quantitative variables for which it makes sense to talk
about the difference between values AND the ratio between values; 0 represents the
absence of quantity
What type of variable?:
eye color - ANSWER ✓✓✓nominal
What type of variable?:
socioeconomic status with categories low, med, high - ANSWER ✓✓✓Ordinal
What type of variable?:
Temperature - ANSWER ✓✓✓Interval
What type of variable?:
Income - ANSWER ✓✓✓Ratio
Visual display and numerical summary for a single categorical variable - ANSWER ✓✓
✓pie chart or bar chart
and category percentages
Visual display and numerical summary for a single quantitative variable - ANSWER ✓✓
✓histogram or stemplot
and descriptive statistics
Visual display and numerical summary for C->C - ANSWER ✓✓✓Two way table and
conditional percentages
Visual display and numerical summary for C->Q - ANSWER ✓✓✓Side by side box
plots and descriptive statistics
Visual display and numerical summary for Q->Q - ANSWER ✓✓✓Scatterplot and
correlation coefficient (r)
Standard Deviation Rule - ANSWER ✓✓✓Approximately
68% of observations fall within 1 sd of the mean,
95% within 2 sd,
99.7% (or virtually all) within 3 sds
Interquartile Range (IQR) - ANSWER ✓✓✓Middle 50% of the data
IQR= Q3-Q1
