Test Bank for Huether and McCance's Understanding
Pathophysiology, Canadian Edition,
2nd Edition by Kelly Power-Kean,
,Chapter 01: Cellular Biology
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. A student is observing a cell under the microscope. It is observed to have supercoiled DNA
with histones. Which of the following would also be observed by the student?
a. A single circular chromosome
b. A nucleus
c. Free-floating nuclear material
d. No organelles
ANS: B
The cell described is a eukaryotic cell, so it has histones and a supercoiled DNA within its
nucleus; thus, the nucleus should be observed. A single circular chromosome called a
prokaryote contains free-floating nuclear material but has no organelles.
REF: p. 2
2. A nurse is instructing the staff about cellular functions. Which cellular function is the nurse
describing when an isolated cell absorbs oxygen and uses it to transform nutrients to energy?
a. Metabolic absorption
b. Communication
c. Secretion
d. Respiration
ANS: D NURSINGTB.COM
The cell’s ability to absorb oxygen is referred to as respiration while its communication ability
involves maintenance of a steady dynamic state, metabolic absorption provides nutrition, and
secretion allows for the synthesizing of new substances.
REF: p. 2
3. A eukaryotic cell is undergoing DNA replication. In which region of the cell would most of
the genetic information be contained?
a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Nucleus Cytoplasm
ANS: C
The region of the cell that contains genetic material, including a large amount of ribonucleic
acid, most of the DNA, and DNA-binding proteins, is the nucleolus, which is located within
the cell’s nucleus. Mitochondria is associated with cellular respiration, while ribosomes are
involved with protein manufacturing. Cytoplasm is a fluid filling that is a component of the
cell.
REF: p. 2
NURSINGTB.COM
,4. Which of the following can remove proteins attached to the cell’s bilayer by dissolving the
layer itself?
a. Peripheral membrane proteins
b. Integral membrane proteins
c. Glycoproteins
d. Cell adhesion molecules
ANS: B
Proteins directly attached to the membrane bilayer can be removed by the action of integral
membrane proteins that dissolve the bilayer. Peripheral membrane proteins reside at the
surface while cell adhesion molecules are on the outside of the membrane. Glycoprotein
marks cells and does not float.
REF: p. 7
5. Which of the following can bind to plasma membrane receptors?
a. Oxygen
b. Ribosomes
c. Amphipathic lipids
d. Ligands
ANS: D
Ligands are the only specific molecules that can bind with receptors on the cell membrane.
REF: p. 9
6. A nurse is reviewing a report from a patient with metastatic cancer. What alternation in the
extracellular matrix would s uNp p oRr t t hIe dG
a. Decreased fibronectin U S N TiagnBo. siC
s ofM
metastatic cancer?
b. Increased collagen
c. Decreased elastin
d. Increased glycoproteins
ANS: A
Only a reduced amount of fibronectin is found in some types of cancerous cells, allowing
them to travel or metastasize.
REF: p. 10
7. Which form of cell communication is used to relate to other cells in direct physical contact?
a. Cell junction
b. Gap junction
c. Desmosome
d. Tight junction
ANS: A
Cell junctions hold cells together and permit molecules to pass from cell to cell.
Gap junctions allow for cellular communication between cells. Neither desmosomes nor tight
junctions are associated with cellular communication.
REF: p. 11
NURSINGTB.COM
, 8. Pancreatic tbeta tcells tsecrete tinsulin, twhich tinhibits tsecretion tof tglucagon tfrom
tneighboring talpha tcells. tThis taction tis tan texample tof twhich tof tthe tfollowing tsignaling
ttypes?
a. Paracrine
b. Autocrine
c. Neurohormonal
d. Hormonal
ANS: t A
Paracrine tsignaling tinvolves tthe trelease tof tlocal tchemical tmediators tthat tare tquickly ttaken
tup, tdestroyed, tor timmobilized, tas tin tthe tcase tof tinsulin tand tthe tinhibition tof tthe tsecretion
tof tglucagon. tNone tof tthe tother toptions tinvolve tsignaling tthat tis tassociated twith ta tlocal
tchemical tmediator tlike tinsulin.
REF: t p. t12
9. In tcellular tmetabolism, teach tenzyme thas ta thigh taffinity tfor ta:
a. solute.
b. substrate.
c. receptor.
d. ribosome.
ANS: t B
Each tenzyme thas ta thigh taffinity tfor ta tsubstrate, ta tspecific tsubstance tconverted tto ta tproduct
tof tthe treaction. tCellular tmetabolism tis tnot tdependent ton tan tattraction tbetween tan tenzyme
tand tany tof tthe tremaining toptions.
REF: t t p.
t16 NURSINGTB.COM
10. An tathlete truns ta tmarathon, tafter twhich this tmuscles tfeel tfatigued tand tunable tto tcontract.
tThe tathlete tasks tthe tnurse twhy tthis thappened. tThe tnurse’s tresponse tis tbased ton tthe
tknowledge tthat tthe tproblem tis tresult tof ta tdeficiency tof:
a. GTP
b. AMP
c. ATP
d. GMP
ANS: t C
When tATP tis tdeficient, timpaired tmuscle tcontraction tresults. tNone tof tthe tother toptions tare
tinvolved tin tmuscle tcontraction.
REF: t p. t16
11. Which tphase tof tcatabolism tproduces tthe tmost tATP?
a. Digestion
b. Glycolysis
c. Oxidation
d. Citric tacid tcycle
ANS: t D
While tsome tATP tis tproduced tduring tthe toxidation tand tglycolysis tphases, tmost tof tthe tATP tis
tgenerated tduring tthe tcitric tacid tcycle. tDigestion tdoes tnot tproduce tany tATP.
NURSINGTB.COM
Pathophysiology, Canadian Edition,
2nd Edition by Kelly Power-Kean,
,Chapter 01: Cellular Biology
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. A student is observing a cell under the microscope. It is observed to have supercoiled DNA
with histones. Which of the following would also be observed by the student?
a. A single circular chromosome
b. A nucleus
c. Free-floating nuclear material
d. No organelles
ANS: B
The cell described is a eukaryotic cell, so it has histones and a supercoiled DNA within its
nucleus; thus, the nucleus should be observed. A single circular chromosome called a
prokaryote contains free-floating nuclear material but has no organelles.
REF: p. 2
2. A nurse is instructing the staff about cellular functions. Which cellular function is the nurse
describing when an isolated cell absorbs oxygen and uses it to transform nutrients to energy?
a. Metabolic absorption
b. Communication
c. Secretion
d. Respiration
ANS: D NURSINGTB.COM
The cell’s ability to absorb oxygen is referred to as respiration while its communication ability
involves maintenance of a steady dynamic state, metabolic absorption provides nutrition, and
secretion allows for the synthesizing of new substances.
REF: p. 2
3. A eukaryotic cell is undergoing DNA replication. In which region of the cell would most of
the genetic information be contained?
a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Nucleus Cytoplasm
ANS: C
The region of the cell that contains genetic material, including a large amount of ribonucleic
acid, most of the DNA, and DNA-binding proteins, is the nucleolus, which is located within
the cell’s nucleus. Mitochondria is associated with cellular respiration, while ribosomes are
involved with protein manufacturing. Cytoplasm is a fluid filling that is a component of the
cell.
REF: p. 2
NURSINGTB.COM
,4. Which of the following can remove proteins attached to the cell’s bilayer by dissolving the
layer itself?
a. Peripheral membrane proteins
b. Integral membrane proteins
c. Glycoproteins
d. Cell adhesion molecules
ANS: B
Proteins directly attached to the membrane bilayer can be removed by the action of integral
membrane proteins that dissolve the bilayer. Peripheral membrane proteins reside at the
surface while cell adhesion molecules are on the outside of the membrane. Glycoprotein
marks cells and does not float.
REF: p. 7
5. Which of the following can bind to plasma membrane receptors?
a. Oxygen
b. Ribosomes
c. Amphipathic lipids
d. Ligands
ANS: D
Ligands are the only specific molecules that can bind with receptors on the cell membrane.
REF: p. 9
6. A nurse is reviewing a report from a patient with metastatic cancer. What alternation in the
extracellular matrix would s uNp p oRr t t hIe dG
a. Decreased fibronectin U S N TiagnBo. siC
s ofM
metastatic cancer?
b. Increased collagen
c. Decreased elastin
d. Increased glycoproteins
ANS: A
Only a reduced amount of fibronectin is found in some types of cancerous cells, allowing
them to travel or metastasize.
REF: p. 10
7. Which form of cell communication is used to relate to other cells in direct physical contact?
a. Cell junction
b. Gap junction
c. Desmosome
d. Tight junction
ANS: A
Cell junctions hold cells together and permit molecules to pass from cell to cell.
Gap junctions allow for cellular communication between cells. Neither desmosomes nor tight
junctions are associated with cellular communication.
REF: p. 11
NURSINGTB.COM
, 8. Pancreatic tbeta tcells tsecrete tinsulin, twhich tinhibits tsecretion tof tglucagon tfrom
tneighboring talpha tcells. tThis taction tis tan texample tof twhich tof tthe tfollowing tsignaling
ttypes?
a. Paracrine
b. Autocrine
c. Neurohormonal
d. Hormonal
ANS: t A
Paracrine tsignaling tinvolves tthe trelease tof tlocal tchemical tmediators tthat tare tquickly ttaken
tup, tdestroyed, tor timmobilized, tas tin tthe tcase tof tinsulin tand tthe tinhibition tof tthe tsecretion
tof tglucagon. tNone tof tthe tother toptions tinvolve tsignaling tthat tis tassociated twith ta tlocal
tchemical tmediator tlike tinsulin.
REF: t p. t12
9. In tcellular tmetabolism, teach tenzyme thas ta thigh taffinity tfor ta:
a. solute.
b. substrate.
c. receptor.
d. ribosome.
ANS: t B
Each tenzyme thas ta thigh taffinity tfor ta tsubstrate, ta tspecific tsubstance tconverted tto ta tproduct
tof tthe treaction. tCellular tmetabolism tis tnot tdependent ton tan tattraction tbetween tan tenzyme
tand tany tof tthe tremaining toptions.
REF: t t p.
t16 NURSINGTB.COM
10. An tathlete truns ta tmarathon, tafter twhich this tmuscles tfeel tfatigued tand tunable tto tcontract.
tThe tathlete tasks tthe tnurse twhy tthis thappened. tThe tnurse’s tresponse tis tbased ton tthe
tknowledge tthat tthe tproblem tis tresult tof ta tdeficiency tof:
a. GTP
b. AMP
c. ATP
d. GMP
ANS: t C
When tATP tis tdeficient, timpaired tmuscle tcontraction tresults. tNone tof tthe tother toptions tare
tinvolved tin tmuscle tcontraction.
REF: t p. t16
11. Which tphase tof tcatabolism tproduces tthe tmost tATP?
a. Digestion
b. Glycolysis
c. Oxidation
d. Citric tacid tcycle
ANS: t D
While tsome tATP tis tproduced tduring tthe toxidation tand tglycolysis tphases, tmost tof tthe tATP tis
tgenerated tduring tthe tcitric tacid tcycle. tDigestion tdoes tnot tproduce tany tATP.
NURSINGTB.COM
