Psychology Study notes
Psychology Study Guide - correct answers ...
• - correct answers Using Erikson's theories as a guide, the best explanation for the notion that
adolescent "identity crisis" is the single most significant conflict a person must fact because, resolving
the identity crisis will allow you to plan for, and make decisions about, future endeavors.
• - correct answers Infancy is associated with Trust vs. Mistrust
• - correct answers Young adulthood is associated with Intimacy vs. Isolation
• - correct answers Toddler is associated with Autonomy (Independence) vs. Doubt (or shame)
• - correct answers Early childhood is associated with Initiative vs. Guilt
• - correct answers Elementary and middle school years are associated with Competence (aka
"Industry") vs. Inferiority
• - correct answers Adolescence is associated with Identity vs. Role Confusion
• - correct answers Middle Adulthood is associated with Generativity vs. Stagnation
• - correct answers Late Adulthood is associated with Integrity vs. Despair
• - correct answers Like Freud, Erik Erikson believed that individuals achieve a sense of identity through
a series of conflicts.
• - correct answers Piaget's theory is based upon the idea that children gradually acquire the ability to
understand the world around them through active engagement with it.
• - correct answers In the concrete operation stage, children begin to process abstract concepts such as
numbers
• - correct answers In stage two of Piaget's model, the main focus of intellectual development is
language and using symbols
• - correct answers In the formal operation stage of Piaget's model, children learn to reason
hypothetically and deductively
• - correct answers The sensorimotor stage best describes this situation. After an accident, a man is left
comatose and partially paralyzed. When he awakens he finds that he has lost the use of his legs and is
unfamiliar with almost everything and everyone around him. After some time has passed, he regains
sensation in his legs and must learn how to walk all over again. He also begins to become familiar with
his friends and family, and looks forward to seeing them.
Schema - A child's inability to view a situation from any other perspective beside their own. - correct
answers ...
, Assimilation - Is the process of trying to fit new objects into an existing schema - correct answers ...
Accommodation - The process of changing schema to fit the characteristics of a new object - correct
answers ...
A child's inability to view a situation from any other perspective beside their own is known as
preoperational egocentrism - correct answers ...
Symbolic pay occurs when a child fits a concrete object into an existing schema. - correct answers ...
• - correct answers You must repeat steps three and four in the scientific method to ensure that there
are no discrepancies between theory and experiment and/or observation.
• - correct answers Physiological psychology is the best example of psychology as a basic science
• - correct answers If an American psychologist describes a woman from another country as possibly
"sneaky" or "deceptive" because she hides her hands behind her back and refuses to make eye contact,
how has the psychologist failed in their description of that woman? The psychologist has failed to
account for their own cultural bias.
• - correct answers Explanation is represented in the scenario "A psychologist examines the possible
causes for a patient's fear of heights"
• - correct answers Greeks used observation to begin to know the world.
• - correct answers Dualism - The view that they physical and mental are separate and distinct
• - correct answers The best interpretation of presence of dualism in this, "The brain is wider than the
sky, for, put them side by side, the one the other will include with ease, and you beside." Is by placing
the "you" beside the brain, the poem suggests that the physical person is separate and distinct from the
mental capacities of the brain.
• - correct answers According to phrenological science, if one of your brain organs was enlarged it got
more use than the others.
• - correct answers One of the major advances in psychology that occurred in the 19th century was the
acceptance of the idea that specific mental processes are associated with discrete regions of the brain.
• - correct answers Phrenology was most popular during the 1800s
• - correct answers Aristotle wrote Para Psyche, considered to be the first book on psychology
• - correct answers Dr. Franz Joseph Gall is known for his work with phrenology.
• - correct answers Wilhelm Wundt established the first official psychology laboratory.
• - correct answers Thomas Aquinas was a medieval scholar who wrote about the ventricular theory of
the brain.
Psychology Study Guide - correct answers ...
• - correct answers Using Erikson's theories as a guide, the best explanation for the notion that
adolescent "identity crisis" is the single most significant conflict a person must fact because, resolving
the identity crisis will allow you to plan for, and make decisions about, future endeavors.
• - correct answers Infancy is associated with Trust vs. Mistrust
• - correct answers Young adulthood is associated with Intimacy vs. Isolation
• - correct answers Toddler is associated with Autonomy (Independence) vs. Doubt (or shame)
• - correct answers Early childhood is associated with Initiative vs. Guilt
• - correct answers Elementary and middle school years are associated with Competence (aka
"Industry") vs. Inferiority
• - correct answers Adolescence is associated with Identity vs. Role Confusion
• - correct answers Middle Adulthood is associated with Generativity vs. Stagnation
• - correct answers Late Adulthood is associated with Integrity vs. Despair
• - correct answers Like Freud, Erik Erikson believed that individuals achieve a sense of identity through
a series of conflicts.
• - correct answers Piaget's theory is based upon the idea that children gradually acquire the ability to
understand the world around them through active engagement with it.
• - correct answers In the concrete operation stage, children begin to process abstract concepts such as
numbers
• - correct answers In stage two of Piaget's model, the main focus of intellectual development is
language and using symbols
• - correct answers In the formal operation stage of Piaget's model, children learn to reason
hypothetically and deductively
• - correct answers The sensorimotor stage best describes this situation. After an accident, a man is left
comatose and partially paralyzed. When he awakens he finds that he has lost the use of his legs and is
unfamiliar with almost everything and everyone around him. After some time has passed, he regains
sensation in his legs and must learn how to walk all over again. He also begins to become familiar with
his friends and family, and looks forward to seeing them.
Schema - A child's inability to view a situation from any other perspective beside their own. - correct
answers ...
, Assimilation - Is the process of trying to fit new objects into an existing schema - correct answers ...
Accommodation - The process of changing schema to fit the characteristics of a new object - correct
answers ...
A child's inability to view a situation from any other perspective beside their own is known as
preoperational egocentrism - correct answers ...
Symbolic pay occurs when a child fits a concrete object into an existing schema. - correct answers ...
• - correct answers You must repeat steps three and four in the scientific method to ensure that there
are no discrepancies between theory and experiment and/or observation.
• - correct answers Physiological psychology is the best example of psychology as a basic science
• - correct answers If an American psychologist describes a woman from another country as possibly
"sneaky" or "deceptive" because she hides her hands behind her back and refuses to make eye contact,
how has the psychologist failed in their description of that woman? The psychologist has failed to
account for their own cultural bias.
• - correct answers Explanation is represented in the scenario "A psychologist examines the possible
causes for a patient's fear of heights"
• - correct answers Greeks used observation to begin to know the world.
• - correct answers Dualism - The view that they physical and mental are separate and distinct
• - correct answers The best interpretation of presence of dualism in this, "The brain is wider than the
sky, for, put them side by side, the one the other will include with ease, and you beside." Is by placing
the "you" beside the brain, the poem suggests that the physical person is separate and distinct from the
mental capacities of the brain.
• - correct answers According to phrenological science, if one of your brain organs was enlarged it got
more use than the others.
• - correct answers One of the major advances in psychology that occurred in the 19th century was the
acceptance of the idea that specific mental processes are associated with discrete regions of the brain.
• - correct answers Phrenology was most popular during the 1800s
• - correct answers Aristotle wrote Para Psyche, considered to be the first book on psychology
• - correct answers Dr. Franz Joseph Gall is known for his work with phrenology.
• - correct answers Wilhelm Wundt established the first official psychology laboratory.
• - correct answers Thomas Aquinas was a medieval scholar who wrote about the ventricular theory of
the brain.
