ATI PHARMACOLOGY PROCTORED EXAM 2025
A nurse is preparing to administer medications to a 4‑month‑old infant. Which
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of the following pharmacokinetic principles should the nurse consider when
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administering medications to this client? (Select all that apply.)
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A. Infants have a more rapid gastric emptying time.
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B. Infants have immature liver function.| | | |
C. Infants' blood‑brain barrier is poorly developed.
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D. Infants have an increased ability to absorb topical medications.
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E. Infants have an increased number of protein‑binding sites. - ANSWERS-
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B. Infants have immature liver function.
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C. Infants' blood‑brain barrier is poorly developed.
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D. Infants have an increased ability to absorb topical medications.
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EXP- (B. Infants have immature liver function until 1 year of age. The nurse
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should administer medications the liver metabolizes in smaller dosages.
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C. Infants have a poorly developed blood‑brain barrier, which places them at
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risk for adverse effects from medications that pass through the blood‑brain
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barrier. The nurse should administer these medications in smaller dosages.
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D. Because infants have more blood flowing to the skin and their skin is thin,
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their medication absorption is increased, making them prone to toxicity from
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topical medications)
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,A nurse is assessing a male client who recently began taking Haloperidol. Which
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of the following findings is the highest priority to report to the provider?
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,A. Shuffling gait |
B. Neck spasms |
C. Drowsiness
D. Impotence - ANSWERS-B. Neck spasms | | | |
EXP-(Neck spasms are an indication of acute dystonia which is a crisis
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situation requiring rapid treatment. This is the greatest risk to the client and
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is therefore the priority finding.)
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A nurse is preparing to administer eye drops to a client. Which of the
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following actions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply.)
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A. Have the client lie on her side.
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B. Ask the client to look up at the ceiling.
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C. Tell the client to blink when the drops enter her eye.
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D. Drop the medication into the center of the client's conjunctival sac.
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E. Instruct the client to close her eye gently after instillation - ANSWERS-B. Ask
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the client to look up at the ceiling.
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D. Drop the medication into the center of the client's conjunctival sac.
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E. Instruct the client to close her eye gently after instillation
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EXP- (B. The client should look upward to keep the drops from falling onto
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her cornea.
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D. The nurse should drop the medication into the
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, center of the conjunctival sac to promote distribution.
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E. The client should close her eye gently to promote distribution of the
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medication)
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A nurse is completing discharge teaching for a client who has a new prescription
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for transdermal patches. Which of the following statements should the nurse
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identify as an indication that the client understands the instructions?
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A. "I will clean the site with an alcohol swab before I apply the patch."
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B. "I will rotate the application sites weekly."
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C. "I will apply the patch to an area of skin with no hair."
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D. "I will place the new patch on the site of the old patch. - ANSWERS-C. "I will
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apply the patch to an area of skin with no hair."
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EXP- (The client should apply the patch to a hairless area of skin to promote
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absorption of the medication.)
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A nurse reviewing a client's medical record notes a new prescription for
| | | | | | | | | | |
verifying the trough level of the client's medication. Which of the following
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actions should the nurse take?
| | | | |
A. Obtain a blood specimen immediately prior to administering the next dose
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of medication.
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B. Verify that the client has been taking the medication for 24 hr before
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obtaining a blood specimen.
| | | |
C. Ask the client to provide a urine specimen after the next dose of medication.
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A nurse is preparing to administer medications to a 4‑month‑old infant. Which
| | | | | | | | | | |
of the following pharmacokinetic principles should the nurse consider when
| | | | | | | | | |
administering medications to this client? (Select all that apply.)
| | | | | | | | |
A. Infants have a more rapid gastric emptying time.
| | | | | | |
B. Infants have immature liver function.| | | |
C. Infants' blood‑brain barrier is poorly developed.
| | | | |
D. Infants have an increased ability to absorb topical medications.
| | | | | | | |
E. Infants have an increased number of protein‑binding sites. - ANSWERS-
| | | | | | | | |
B. Infants have immature liver function.
| | | | |
C. Infants' blood‑brain barrier is poorly developed.
| | | | | |
D. Infants have an increased ability to absorb topical medications.
| | | | | | | | |
EXP- (B. Infants have immature liver function until 1 year of age. The nurse
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
should administer medications the liver metabolizes in smaller dosages.
| | | | | | | | |
C. Infants have a poorly developed blood‑brain barrier, which places them at
| | | | | | | | | | |
risk for adverse effects from medications that pass through the blood‑brain
| | | | | | | | | | |
barrier. The nurse should administer these medications in smaller dosages.
| | | | | | | | | |
D. Because infants have more blood flowing to the skin and their skin is thin,
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
their medication absorption is increased, making them prone to toxicity from
| | | | | | | | | | |
topical medications)
| |
,A nurse is assessing a male client who recently began taking Haloperidol. Which
| | | | | | | | | | | |
of the following findings is the highest priority to report to the provider?
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
,A. Shuffling gait |
B. Neck spasms |
C. Drowsiness
D. Impotence - ANSWERS-B. Neck spasms | | | |
EXP-(Neck spasms are an indication of acute dystonia which is a crisis
| | | | | | | | | | |
situation requiring rapid treatment. This is the greatest risk to the client and
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
is therefore the priority finding.)
| | | | |
A nurse is preparing to administer eye drops to a client. Which of the
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
following actions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply.)
| | | | | | | | | |
A. Have the client lie on her side.
| | | | | |
B. Ask the client to look up at the ceiling.
| | | | | | | |
C. Tell the client to blink when the drops enter her eye.
| | | | | | | | | |
D. Drop the medication into the center of the client's conjunctival sac.
| | | | | | | | | |
E. Instruct the client to close her eye gently after instillation - ANSWERS-B. Ask
| | | | | | | | | | | |
the client to look up at the ceiling.
| | | | | | | |
D. Drop the medication into the center of the client's conjunctival sac.
| | | | | | | | | | |
E. Instruct the client to close her eye gently after instillation
| | | | | | | | | |
EXP- (B. The client should look upward to keep the drops from falling onto
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
her cornea.
| |
D. The nurse should drop the medication into the
| | | | | | | |
, center of the conjunctival sac to promote distribution.
| | | | | | |
E. The client should close her eye gently to promote distribution of the
| | | | | | | | | | | |
medication)
|
A nurse is completing discharge teaching for a client who has a new prescription
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
for transdermal patches. Which of the following statements should the nurse
| | | | | | | | | | |
identify as an indication that the client understands the instructions?
| | | | | | | | | |
A. "I will clean the site with an alcohol swab before I apply the patch."
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
B. "I will rotate the application sites weekly."
| | | | | | |
C. "I will apply the patch to an area of skin with no hair."
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
D. "I will place the new patch on the site of the old patch. - ANSWERS-C. "I will
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
apply the patch to an area of skin with no hair."
| | | | | | | | | | |
EXP- (The client should apply the patch to a hairless area of skin to promote
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
absorption of the medication.)
| | | |
A nurse reviewing a client's medical record notes a new prescription for
| | | | | | | | | | |
verifying the trough level of the client's medication. Which of the following
| | | | | | | | | | | |
actions should the nurse take?
| | | | |
A. Obtain a blood specimen immediately prior to administering the next dose
| | | | | | | | | |
of medication.
| |
B. Verify that the client has been taking the medication for 24 hr before
| | | | | | | | | | | |
obtaining a blood specimen.
| | | |
C. Ask the client to provide a urine specimen after the next dose of medication.
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