BTEC Applied Science Unit 1 Biology test
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Describe the function of the nucleolus - ANS Produces ribosomes and RNA
Describe the function of the cell wall - ANS Provides rigidity and protection to the cell
Describe the function of the chloroplasts - ANS Site of photosynthesis as they
contain chlorophyll
Describe the function of the plasmodesmata - ANS A channel through the cell wall
the allows transport of materials from one cell to another
Describe the function of the amyoplasts - ANS Stores starch and converts starch
back into glucose when the plant needs energy
Describe the function of the vacuole - ANS Stores water and chemicals for cell use.
Also maintains turgor of cell
Describe the function of the tonoplasts - ANS Membrane the surrounds the vacuole.
Protects the vacuole, isolates it from harmful substances and controls water flow in and
out of the vacuole
Why are gram positive bacteria more susceptible to antibiotics? - ANS Permeable
cell wall whereas gram negative bacteria has a semi-permeable cell wall
Describe the adaptations found in a palisade cell - ANS Closely packed together
Chloroplasts
Large vacuole
Explain why the palisade cell has a large amount of chloroplasts - ANS To absorb
lots of light for photosynthesis
Explain why palisade cells are closely packed together - ANS To form a continuous
layer in the leaf
, Explain why palisade cells have a large vacuole - ANS To maintain turgor (pushes
against the cell wall to maintain rigid shape)
Describe the adaptations of a root hair cell - ANS Root hair shape
Large vacuole
Thin cellulose walls
Explain why root hair cells have an elongated section known as the root hair - ANS
Increased surface area for maximum movement of water into the cell
Explain why root hair cells have a large vacuole - ANS Contains cell sap with low
water potential to encourage water into the cell
Explain why root hair cells have thin cellulose walls - ANS Encourage movement of
water and minerals into the cell. Short distance for osmosis and diffusion
Describe the adaptations of a sperm cell - ANS Lots of mitochondria
Shaped head containing acrosome (with enzymes)
Haploid nucleus
Tail for movement
Explain why a sperm cell has an undulipodium (tail) - ANS To allow the sperm to
move to the egg
Explain why sperm cells contain large numbers of mitochondria - ANS To produce
the large amounts of energy needed for movement
Explain why sperm cells have a shaped head - ANS To push through the protective
layer of the egg cell
Explain why sperm cells contain acrosome in the head - ANS To digest the zona
pellucida to allow entry into the egg cell
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Describe the function of the nucleolus - ANS Produces ribosomes and RNA
Describe the function of the cell wall - ANS Provides rigidity and protection to the cell
Describe the function of the chloroplasts - ANS Site of photosynthesis as they
contain chlorophyll
Describe the function of the plasmodesmata - ANS A channel through the cell wall
the allows transport of materials from one cell to another
Describe the function of the amyoplasts - ANS Stores starch and converts starch
back into glucose when the plant needs energy
Describe the function of the vacuole - ANS Stores water and chemicals for cell use.
Also maintains turgor of cell
Describe the function of the tonoplasts - ANS Membrane the surrounds the vacuole.
Protects the vacuole, isolates it from harmful substances and controls water flow in and
out of the vacuole
Why are gram positive bacteria more susceptible to antibiotics? - ANS Permeable
cell wall whereas gram negative bacteria has a semi-permeable cell wall
Describe the adaptations found in a palisade cell - ANS Closely packed together
Chloroplasts
Large vacuole
Explain why the palisade cell has a large amount of chloroplasts - ANS To absorb
lots of light for photosynthesis
Explain why palisade cells are closely packed together - ANS To form a continuous
layer in the leaf
, Explain why palisade cells have a large vacuole - ANS To maintain turgor (pushes
against the cell wall to maintain rigid shape)
Describe the adaptations of a root hair cell - ANS Root hair shape
Large vacuole
Thin cellulose walls
Explain why root hair cells have an elongated section known as the root hair - ANS
Increased surface area for maximum movement of water into the cell
Explain why root hair cells have a large vacuole - ANS Contains cell sap with low
water potential to encourage water into the cell
Explain why root hair cells have thin cellulose walls - ANS Encourage movement of
water and minerals into the cell. Short distance for osmosis and diffusion
Describe the adaptations of a sperm cell - ANS Lots of mitochondria
Shaped head containing acrosome (with enzymes)
Haploid nucleus
Tail for movement
Explain why a sperm cell has an undulipodium (tail) - ANS To allow the sperm to
move to the egg
Explain why sperm cells contain large numbers of mitochondria - ANS To produce
the large amounts of energy needed for movement
Explain why sperm cells have a shaped head - ANS To push through the protective
layer of the egg cell
Explain why sperm cells contain acrosome in the head - ANS To digest the zona
pellucida to allow entry into the egg cell
