QMA MEDICATIONS EXAM 2025
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS
Stool Softeners - Answer-Actions: increases moisture in stool making making
evacuation easier
Side effects: mild abminal cramping, can cause diarrhea
Considerations: take 1-3 days to work.
Bulk laxatives - Answer-Actions: absorbs water and expands to increase bulk and
moisturize content of stool, promotes regular stool evacuation
Side effects: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea c excessive use, esophageal, gastric, small
intestine and rectal obstruction when med taken in dry form
Considerations: administer c 8 oz of pleasant tasting liquid, encourage fluids, acts within
12hrs-3days
Colonic acidifires - Answer-Actions: (man made sugar solution) decreases amount of
ammonia in the blood, increases water content in stool, treats constipation
Side effects: abdominal cramping, diarrhea and flatulence
Considerations: store at room temp and can be given with fruit juice or food.
Osmotic laxatives - Answer-Actions: draws water into stool, increases number or bowel
movements, treats severe constipation
Side effects: abdominal cramping, urgency
Considerations: take in morning, bm within 4 hours
Enemas - Answer-Actions: draw fluid into bowel promoting evacuation of stool, colon
prep or severe constipation
Side effects: abdominal cramping
Considerations: large hemorrhoids or anal excoriation, notify nurse to assess
, Crohn's or ulcerative colitis - Answer-Actions: reduces tissue inflammation and damage,
treats pain and diarrhea, treats chronic constipation or opioid induces constipation
Side effects: diarrhea, constipation, fever, headache, flu-like symptoms, abnormal liver
tests, nausea
Considerations: notify nurse or severe abdominal cramping, swelling of face and lips.
Contradicted in those without a gall bladder. Results within 2-4 hrs
Antacids medication examples - Answer--aluminum hydroxide gel (Amphojel)
-magnesium hydroxide (Milk of Magnesia)
-mylicon (simethicone)
-maalox, malanga, riopan (combination of magnesium and aluminum)
-TUMS, Rolaids (calcium carbonate)
Anti-ulcer medication examples - Answer--Pepcid (famotidine)
-protonix (pantoprazole)
-Prilosec (omeprazole)
-carafate (sucralfate)
-Prevacid (lansoprazole)
-nexium (esomeprazole magnesium
-Zantac (ranitidine)
Antiemetics medication examples - Answer--antivert (meclizine)
-compazine (prochlorperazine)
-phenergan (promethazine hydrochloride)
-Dramamine (dimenhydrinate)
-Tigan (trimethobenzamide)
Emetics medication example - Answer--Syrup of Ipecac
Antidiarrheals medication examples - Answer--Pepto-bismol (bismuth)
-Kaopectate (kaolin and pectin)
-pectin (from apples)
-lomotil (atropine/diphenoxylate
-Imodium (loperamide)
Opiates (slow down intestinal mobility) medication example - Answer--paregoric
(anhydrous morphine)
GI meds that alter mobility examples - Answer--atropine sulfate
-lomotil (dipenoxylate/atropine)
-donnatal (phenobarbital)
-Imodium (loperamide)
-bentyl (dicyclomine)
-raglan (metoclopramide)
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS
Stool Softeners - Answer-Actions: increases moisture in stool making making
evacuation easier
Side effects: mild abminal cramping, can cause diarrhea
Considerations: take 1-3 days to work.
Bulk laxatives - Answer-Actions: absorbs water and expands to increase bulk and
moisturize content of stool, promotes regular stool evacuation
Side effects: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea c excessive use, esophageal, gastric, small
intestine and rectal obstruction when med taken in dry form
Considerations: administer c 8 oz of pleasant tasting liquid, encourage fluids, acts within
12hrs-3days
Colonic acidifires - Answer-Actions: (man made sugar solution) decreases amount of
ammonia in the blood, increases water content in stool, treats constipation
Side effects: abdominal cramping, diarrhea and flatulence
Considerations: store at room temp and can be given with fruit juice or food.
Osmotic laxatives - Answer-Actions: draws water into stool, increases number or bowel
movements, treats severe constipation
Side effects: abdominal cramping, urgency
Considerations: take in morning, bm within 4 hours
Enemas - Answer-Actions: draw fluid into bowel promoting evacuation of stool, colon
prep or severe constipation
Side effects: abdominal cramping
Considerations: large hemorrhoids or anal excoriation, notify nurse to assess
, Crohn's or ulcerative colitis - Answer-Actions: reduces tissue inflammation and damage,
treats pain and diarrhea, treats chronic constipation or opioid induces constipation
Side effects: diarrhea, constipation, fever, headache, flu-like symptoms, abnormal liver
tests, nausea
Considerations: notify nurse or severe abdominal cramping, swelling of face and lips.
Contradicted in those without a gall bladder. Results within 2-4 hrs
Antacids medication examples - Answer--aluminum hydroxide gel (Amphojel)
-magnesium hydroxide (Milk of Magnesia)
-mylicon (simethicone)
-maalox, malanga, riopan (combination of magnesium and aluminum)
-TUMS, Rolaids (calcium carbonate)
Anti-ulcer medication examples - Answer--Pepcid (famotidine)
-protonix (pantoprazole)
-Prilosec (omeprazole)
-carafate (sucralfate)
-Prevacid (lansoprazole)
-nexium (esomeprazole magnesium
-Zantac (ranitidine)
Antiemetics medication examples - Answer--antivert (meclizine)
-compazine (prochlorperazine)
-phenergan (promethazine hydrochloride)
-Dramamine (dimenhydrinate)
-Tigan (trimethobenzamide)
Emetics medication example - Answer--Syrup of Ipecac
Antidiarrheals medication examples - Answer--Pepto-bismol (bismuth)
-Kaopectate (kaolin and pectin)
-pectin (from apples)
-lomotil (atropine/diphenoxylate
-Imodium (loperamide)
Opiates (slow down intestinal mobility) medication example - Answer--paregoric
(anhydrous morphine)
GI meds that alter mobility examples - Answer--atropine sulfate
-lomotil (dipenoxylate/atropine)
-donnatal (phenobarbital)
-Imodium (loperamide)
-bentyl (dicyclomine)
-raglan (metoclopramide)
