Study guide
CLC-222 Contracting certified
lactation counselor exam questions
and answerd verified A+
AAP - ANSWER ✓✓✓American Academy of Pediatrics
ABM - ANSWER ✓✓✓Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine
AGA - ANSWER ✓✓✓Appropriate for gestational age.
Alveoli - ANSWER ✓✓✓Small glands in the breast that produce breast milk.
Amenorrhea - ANSWER ✓✓✓The absence of menstruation.
Aysemmetric latch - ANSWER ✓✓✓Optimal attachment to the breast, where the
babies lips are not centered in relationship to the areola, but rather vertically off
centered, with the babies chin and lower lip closer to the edge of the areola and the
babies upper lip.
Atopy - ANSWER ✓✓✓And allergy for which there is a genetic predisposition, such as
asthma, eczema, or rhinitis.
(BFHI) Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative - ANSWER ✓✓✓The UNICEF baby friendly
hospital initiative, an international program recognizing hospitals and birth centers that
implement the 10 steps to successful breastfeeding.
Bilirubin - ANSWER ✓✓✓The byproduct of the breakdown of the hemoglobin portion
of red blood cells.
Bilirubin Encephalopathy - ANSWER ✓✓✓Damage to the brain and central nervous
system related to hyperbilirubinemia (Jaundice); Also known as "Kernicterus."
,Milk Bleb - ANSWER ✓✓✓A firm, small, white spot near the nipple pore opening
containing accumulated milk solids. Also referred to as a milk blister.
Block Feeding - ANSWER ✓✓✓A pattern of feeding: used to deal with an over-
abundant milk supply. In block feeding, the mother offers the baby only one breast for
one, two, or three feedings to generate mild local pressure to slow down milk
production. Then she offers the other breast for another block of time.
Blocked Duct - ANSWER ✓✓✓A condition in which milk from one part of the breast
does not flow well and forms a lump of solidified milk that blocks the milk duct.
Brachial Plexus Injury - ANSWER ✓✓✓Decreased movement or sensation in the arm
caused by injury to the bundle of nerves passing through the shoulder area. This may
be caused during birth by pressure to the shoulder area.
Bradycardia - ANSWER ✓✓✓Slow heart rate, less than 100 bpm in an infant.
Breast Abscess - ANSWER ✓✓✓An area in the breast that feels hot and painful and is
full of fluid. Typically resulting from unresolved mastitis.
Breast Compression - ANSWER ✓✓✓A hands-on method used during nursing or
pumping to increase the flow of milk. The mother gently sneezes, or compresses gently,
her breast. Typically used when milk flow stops or slows, to increase milk flow again.
Also called "alternate massage."
Breastmilk Jaundice - ANSWER ✓✓✓Jaundice occurring in the breast fed infant after
10-14 days of life. The cause of breastmilk jaundice is unknown and the incident is less
than 1%.
Brucellosis - ANSWER ✓✓✓Bacterial infection from contact with animals carrying the
Brucella bacteria. Infection causes an undulating fever that spikes in waves.
Candida - ANSWER ✓✓✓A family of parasitic fungi occurring especially in the mouth,
vagina, and intestinal tract. They are usually benign but can become pathogenic and
include the caustive agent (candida albicans) of thrush.
Caput Succedaneum - ANSWER ✓✓✓Swelling of the soft tissues of a newborn baby's
scalp that develops as a baby travels through the birth canal.
CDC - ANSWER ✓✓✓Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Cephalohematoma - ANSWER ✓✓✓A lump that rises on the head of a newborn with
an hours of birth due to bleeding beneath the bones of the skull.
, Chorioamniotis - ANSWER ✓✓✓Inflammation of the fetal membrane due to infection.
Cleft Lip and/or Palate - ANSWER ✓✓✓A congenital birth defect causing a division or
opening in the roof of the mouth and/or split in the lip.
Cyanosis - ANSWER ✓✓✓A bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes.
Colostrum - ANSWER ✓✓✓The first milk, produced in the breast by the seventh
month of pregnancy. It is thick, sticky, and clear to yellowish in color; is high in protein
and vitamin A; causes a laxative effect, thus, helping the baby to pass meconium stools.
Immunoglobulins (mostly IgA) In colostrum provide an anti-infection protection to the
baby and their gut microbiome.
Contraindication - ANSWER ✓✓✓A condition or factor that makes something in
advisable.
Craniofacial - ANSWER ✓✓✓Involving the head and skull.
Cooper's Ligaments - ANSWER ✓✓✓The triangular-shaped ligaments underlying the
breasts.
Cytomegalovirus - ANSWER ✓✓✓A virus of the herpes family that is relatively
harmless and adults but can cause severe systemic infection in infants, particularly
those born premature.
Dehydration Signs - ANSWER ✓✓✓Symptoms include, but are not limited to the
following: Dry or sticky mouth, low or no urine output, concentrated urine that appears
dark yellow, non-production of tears, sunken eyes, markedly sunken fontanelles in an
infant, lethargic or coma (severe).
Diabetes Mellitus - ANSWER ✓✓✓A group of diseases in which the body has difficulty
managing stable blood sugar.
Discordant Twins - ANSWER ✓✓✓Twin pairs with a marked difference in size at birth.
Discrepancy Breasts - ANSWER ✓✓✓A condition in which a woman's breast are
markedly different in size and/or shape. This is associated with potential milk supply
problems. Also called "asymmetric "breasts.
Down Syndrome - ANSWER ✓✓✓A congenital condition characterized by moderate to
severe mental retardation *[textbook definition]*. Also called trisomy 21.
Dyad - ANSWER ✓✓✓A group of two. In lactation terms, usually refers to a nursing
mother and baby.
CLC-222 Contracting certified
lactation counselor exam questions
and answerd verified A+
AAP - ANSWER ✓✓✓American Academy of Pediatrics
ABM - ANSWER ✓✓✓Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine
AGA - ANSWER ✓✓✓Appropriate for gestational age.
Alveoli - ANSWER ✓✓✓Small glands in the breast that produce breast milk.
Amenorrhea - ANSWER ✓✓✓The absence of menstruation.
Aysemmetric latch - ANSWER ✓✓✓Optimal attachment to the breast, where the
babies lips are not centered in relationship to the areola, but rather vertically off
centered, with the babies chin and lower lip closer to the edge of the areola and the
babies upper lip.
Atopy - ANSWER ✓✓✓And allergy for which there is a genetic predisposition, such as
asthma, eczema, or rhinitis.
(BFHI) Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative - ANSWER ✓✓✓The UNICEF baby friendly
hospital initiative, an international program recognizing hospitals and birth centers that
implement the 10 steps to successful breastfeeding.
Bilirubin - ANSWER ✓✓✓The byproduct of the breakdown of the hemoglobin portion
of red blood cells.
Bilirubin Encephalopathy - ANSWER ✓✓✓Damage to the brain and central nervous
system related to hyperbilirubinemia (Jaundice); Also known as "Kernicterus."
,Milk Bleb - ANSWER ✓✓✓A firm, small, white spot near the nipple pore opening
containing accumulated milk solids. Also referred to as a milk blister.
Block Feeding - ANSWER ✓✓✓A pattern of feeding: used to deal with an over-
abundant milk supply. In block feeding, the mother offers the baby only one breast for
one, two, or three feedings to generate mild local pressure to slow down milk
production. Then she offers the other breast for another block of time.
Blocked Duct - ANSWER ✓✓✓A condition in which milk from one part of the breast
does not flow well and forms a lump of solidified milk that blocks the milk duct.
Brachial Plexus Injury - ANSWER ✓✓✓Decreased movement or sensation in the arm
caused by injury to the bundle of nerves passing through the shoulder area. This may
be caused during birth by pressure to the shoulder area.
Bradycardia - ANSWER ✓✓✓Slow heart rate, less than 100 bpm in an infant.
Breast Abscess - ANSWER ✓✓✓An area in the breast that feels hot and painful and is
full of fluid. Typically resulting from unresolved mastitis.
Breast Compression - ANSWER ✓✓✓A hands-on method used during nursing or
pumping to increase the flow of milk. The mother gently sneezes, or compresses gently,
her breast. Typically used when milk flow stops or slows, to increase milk flow again.
Also called "alternate massage."
Breastmilk Jaundice - ANSWER ✓✓✓Jaundice occurring in the breast fed infant after
10-14 days of life. The cause of breastmilk jaundice is unknown and the incident is less
than 1%.
Brucellosis - ANSWER ✓✓✓Bacterial infection from contact with animals carrying the
Brucella bacteria. Infection causes an undulating fever that spikes in waves.
Candida - ANSWER ✓✓✓A family of parasitic fungi occurring especially in the mouth,
vagina, and intestinal tract. They are usually benign but can become pathogenic and
include the caustive agent (candida albicans) of thrush.
Caput Succedaneum - ANSWER ✓✓✓Swelling of the soft tissues of a newborn baby's
scalp that develops as a baby travels through the birth canal.
CDC - ANSWER ✓✓✓Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Cephalohematoma - ANSWER ✓✓✓A lump that rises on the head of a newborn with
an hours of birth due to bleeding beneath the bones of the skull.
, Chorioamniotis - ANSWER ✓✓✓Inflammation of the fetal membrane due to infection.
Cleft Lip and/or Palate - ANSWER ✓✓✓A congenital birth defect causing a division or
opening in the roof of the mouth and/or split in the lip.
Cyanosis - ANSWER ✓✓✓A bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes.
Colostrum - ANSWER ✓✓✓The first milk, produced in the breast by the seventh
month of pregnancy. It is thick, sticky, and clear to yellowish in color; is high in protein
and vitamin A; causes a laxative effect, thus, helping the baby to pass meconium stools.
Immunoglobulins (mostly IgA) In colostrum provide an anti-infection protection to the
baby and their gut microbiome.
Contraindication - ANSWER ✓✓✓A condition or factor that makes something in
advisable.
Craniofacial - ANSWER ✓✓✓Involving the head and skull.
Cooper's Ligaments - ANSWER ✓✓✓The triangular-shaped ligaments underlying the
breasts.
Cytomegalovirus - ANSWER ✓✓✓A virus of the herpes family that is relatively
harmless and adults but can cause severe systemic infection in infants, particularly
those born premature.
Dehydration Signs - ANSWER ✓✓✓Symptoms include, but are not limited to the
following: Dry or sticky mouth, low or no urine output, concentrated urine that appears
dark yellow, non-production of tears, sunken eyes, markedly sunken fontanelles in an
infant, lethargic or coma (severe).
Diabetes Mellitus - ANSWER ✓✓✓A group of diseases in which the body has difficulty
managing stable blood sugar.
Discordant Twins - ANSWER ✓✓✓Twin pairs with a marked difference in size at birth.
Discrepancy Breasts - ANSWER ✓✓✓A condition in which a woman's breast are
markedly different in size and/or shape. This is associated with potential milk supply
problems. Also called "asymmetric "breasts.
Down Syndrome - ANSWER ✓✓✓A congenital condition characterized by moderate to
severe mental retardation *[textbook definition]*. Also called trisomy 21.
Dyad - ANSWER ✓✓✓A group of two. In lactation terms, usually refers to a nursing
mother and baby.
