Multidimensional Care 1 - Exam 2
Questions and Complete Solutions
Graded A+
Joints - Answer: Articulations between adjoining bones
Different classifications of joints based on the amount of movement - Answer: -Synarthroses:
Immovable joints
(i.e. sutures between cranial bones)
-Amphiarthroses: Limited mobility
(i.e. pubic, vertebrae)
-Diarthroses (Synovial Joints): Free movement
Types of Synovial Joints (Diarthroses) - Answer: -Ball & Socket: Shoulders & Hips
-Condyloid: Wrist
-Gliding: Inter-vertebral joints
-Hinge: Knees & Elbows
-Pivot: 1st Vertebrae & Base of Skull
-Saddle: Carpal
Joint Mobility - Answer: The movement of a joint through its normal range of motion (ROM)
Flexion - Answer: Bending the hinge joint at a 90 degree angle
Extension - Answer: Straightening the hinge joint to 180 degrees
Abduction - Answer: Moving the joint away from the midline of the body
, Adduction - Answer: Moving joint toward the midline of the body
Circumduction - Answer: Movement of the ball-and-socket joint in a circular motion
Internal and External Rotation - Answer: Turning palm of hand towards the ceiling (supination), and then
towards the floor (pronation)
Opposition - Answer: Touching the thumb to each finger of the hand one at a time
Non-pharmacological interventions for joint pain - Answer: -Rest (not over-working inflamed joints,
which causes risk for injury)
-Exercise (ROM, exercises that increase strength, and endurance exercises [swimming, walking, cycling])
-Physical and Occupational Therapy
-Hot/cold compresses as ordered
-Nutrition & Dietary Intake
Types of Range of Motion (ROM) - Answer: -ROM: Maximum movement
-Passive ROM (PROM): Dependent joint movement; Therapist or equipment moves the joint w/ no effort
from patient
-Active ROM (AROM): Independent joint movement; Patient performs joint movement with no
assistance
Interventions to promote patient independence - Answer: -Allow them to do things themselves (assist
but do not do it for them)
-Involve client in daily care
-Provide stimuli (i.e. newspapers, TV, magazines)
-Assist w/ grooming & hygiene (such as makeup and shaving)
-Involve client in planning of daily routine
-Teach use of assistive devices
-Prevent complications of immobility
Questions and Complete Solutions
Graded A+
Joints - Answer: Articulations between adjoining bones
Different classifications of joints based on the amount of movement - Answer: -Synarthroses:
Immovable joints
(i.e. sutures between cranial bones)
-Amphiarthroses: Limited mobility
(i.e. pubic, vertebrae)
-Diarthroses (Synovial Joints): Free movement
Types of Synovial Joints (Diarthroses) - Answer: -Ball & Socket: Shoulders & Hips
-Condyloid: Wrist
-Gliding: Inter-vertebral joints
-Hinge: Knees & Elbows
-Pivot: 1st Vertebrae & Base of Skull
-Saddle: Carpal
Joint Mobility - Answer: The movement of a joint through its normal range of motion (ROM)
Flexion - Answer: Bending the hinge joint at a 90 degree angle
Extension - Answer: Straightening the hinge joint to 180 degrees
Abduction - Answer: Moving the joint away from the midline of the body
, Adduction - Answer: Moving joint toward the midline of the body
Circumduction - Answer: Movement of the ball-and-socket joint in a circular motion
Internal and External Rotation - Answer: Turning palm of hand towards the ceiling (supination), and then
towards the floor (pronation)
Opposition - Answer: Touching the thumb to each finger of the hand one at a time
Non-pharmacological interventions for joint pain - Answer: -Rest (not over-working inflamed joints,
which causes risk for injury)
-Exercise (ROM, exercises that increase strength, and endurance exercises [swimming, walking, cycling])
-Physical and Occupational Therapy
-Hot/cold compresses as ordered
-Nutrition & Dietary Intake
Types of Range of Motion (ROM) - Answer: -ROM: Maximum movement
-Passive ROM (PROM): Dependent joint movement; Therapist or equipment moves the joint w/ no effort
from patient
-Active ROM (AROM): Independent joint movement; Patient performs joint movement with no
assistance
Interventions to promote patient independence - Answer: -Allow them to do things themselves (assist
but do not do it for them)
-Involve client in daily care
-Provide stimuli (i.e. newspapers, TV, magazines)
-Assist w/ grooming & hygiene (such as makeup and shaving)
-Involve client in planning of daily routine
-Teach use of assistive devices
-Prevent complications of immobility
