Questions And Answers 2025
Commercial real estate assets have a number of attributes that make them unique
relative to other types of investments. These attributes include the following: (x10)
- ✔✔✔ANSWER-1. They involve land
2.Transaction time frames are long
3. Transaction costs are high
4. they are expensive
5. They are long lasting
6. Highly regulated
,7. have a long production cycle
8. are management intensive
9. are heterogeneous
10. Involve measuring return on investment
1. Long-lasting, Durable Goods
2. Expensive, High-valued (left for well capitalized investors)
3. Transaction Costs: Due diligence and commissions alone comprise about three
to five percent of transaction costs.
4. Transaction Time Frame
5. Land
6. Heterogeneous: every parcel of land is unique so every commercial real estate
asset is unique. However, improvements are rarely identical as unique site
characteristics, land use regulations, and the market often require different
solutions from developers.
7. Return Measures
8. Management Intensive
9. Long Production Cycle: it takes time to develop and construct new commercial
real estate assets to meet the needs of the expanding population. This results in the
real estate supply being relatively slow to respond to changes in demand (i.e.
inelastic supply).
10. Highly Regulated
Inelastic supply - ✔✔✔ANSWER-there is a limited supply. To illustrate, many
cities are geographically constrained and have a Land Use Bylaw that limits the
ability to change the use of a parcel of land. This results in a relatively inelastic
,supply of land for commercial purposes. Inelastic supply means the supply cannot
readily adjust to changes in demand or price.
four major commercial real estate asset product types according to Real Capital
Analytics - ✔✔✔ANSWER-Office: Refers to real estate primarily used for office
space
Retail: Refers to retail properties, such as strip centres or neighbourhood,
community, regional and super-regional shopping malls
Industrial: Refers to real estate for industrial use, such as distribution,
manufacturing, or warehouse facilities and data centres
Apartment: Refers to multi-family rental properties.
Other miscellaneous product types include hotels, leisure (e.g golf courses), and
special use (e.g. casinos)
3 miscellaneous product types - ✔✔✔ANSWER-hotel, leisure (e.g. golf courses),
and special use (e.g. casinos).
Categorization by Building Class - ✔✔✔ANSWER-For example, office properties
are often categorized as Class A, B, or C.
Categorization by Number of Storeys - ✔✔✔ANSWER-For example, apartment
properties are classified as either garden complexes (one or more low-rise
, buildings consisting of four storeys or less) or mid/high-rise projects (one or more
buildings consisting of four storeys or greater).
Categorization by building's Property Location - ✔✔✔ANSWER-For example, in
addition to building class, office properties are often categorized based on their
location as either central business district (CBD) or suburban.
Categorization by building's Type - ✔✔✔ANSWER-For example, the International
Council of Shopping Centres (ICSC) defines different types of shopping centres
according to size (gross leasable area and land area), types of tenants, and trade
area.
The length of time for the Commercial Real Estate Asset Life Cycle process varies
considerably depending on a number of factors, including the following: (x5) -
✔✔✔ANSWER-The real estate asset's product type
The size and complexity of the project
The regulatory environment
The need for related infrastructure
The financial and operational capability of the investor(s)
A typical commercial real estate asset undergoes three phases during its life cycle:
- ✔✔✔ANSWER-Phase I: Land Acquisition and Development
Phase II: Building Construction