ERSC 144 Midterm 2 Questions with
complete solution
Sediment load and three components
total volume of sediment carried by a stream.
1. Bed load (largest)
2.Suspended load (medium)
3. Dissolved load (smallest)
Arrival time
The time in which a P or S wave arrives at a seismic station
Earthquake
An episode of shaking caused by sudden breaking or fractional sliding of rock
in the Earth
seismicity
the occurrence of earthquakes
Fault
a fracture on which one body of rock slides/slips past another
,Slip
the sliding involved in an earthquake
Displacement
the amount of movement or slip across a fault plane
Seismic waves
Vibrations generated by an earthquake that pass through the Earth or along
its surface
Active faults
faults that have moved recently or are likely to move in the near future
Inactive faults
Faults that have moves but are unlikely to move in the near future
What two ways does faulting produce seismic waves?
1. When previously intact rock suddenly breaks forming anew fault
2. When an pre-existing fault suddenly slips again
,Elastic deformation
a change in shape of material that can be reversed
Elastic rebound theory
theory that rocks that are strained past a certain point will fracture and spring
back to their original shape
How do new Faults develop?
1. Elastic Deformation
2. Elastic deformation cracks link and fracture cuts through rock
3. The Rock Breaks into two pieces and slip happens
4. The energy released, Elastic Rebound, generates seismic waves.
Focus (Hypocenter)
the place within Earth where earthquake waves originate
Epicenter
Point on Earth's surface directly above an earthquake's focus
, Seismic Waves
Vibrations generated by the slippage along a fault
Strike slip behavior
start stop movement along a fault caused by the interplay between stress and
friction
Main shock
the main or largest earthquake of a sequence. can be preceded by foreshocks
and is always followed by aftershocks
Foreshocks
a smaller earthquake that precedes a major one
Aftershock
An earthquake that occurs after a larger earthquake in the same area
Body waves
A seismic wave that travels through Earth's interior.
Surface waves
complete solution
Sediment load and three components
total volume of sediment carried by a stream.
1. Bed load (largest)
2.Suspended load (medium)
3. Dissolved load (smallest)
Arrival time
The time in which a P or S wave arrives at a seismic station
Earthquake
An episode of shaking caused by sudden breaking or fractional sliding of rock
in the Earth
seismicity
the occurrence of earthquakes
Fault
a fracture on which one body of rock slides/slips past another
,Slip
the sliding involved in an earthquake
Displacement
the amount of movement or slip across a fault plane
Seismic waves
Vibrations generated by an earthquake that pass through the Earth or along
its surface
Active faults
faults that have moved recently or are likely to move in the near future
Inactive faults
Faults that have moves but are unlikely to move in the near future
What two ways does faulting produce seismic waves?
1. When previously intact rock suddenly breaks forming anew fault
2. When an pre-existing fault suddenly slips again
,Elastic deformation
a change in shape of material that can be reversed
Elastic rebound theory
theory that rocks that are strained past a certain point will fracture and spring
back to their original shape
How do new Faults develop?
1. Elastic Deformation
2. Elastic deformation cracks link and fracture cuts through rock
3. The Rock Breaks into two pieces and slip happens
4. The energy released, Elastic Rebound, generates seismic waves.
Focus (Hypocenter)
the place within Earth where earthquake waves originate
Epicenter
Point on Earth's surface directly above an earthquake's focus
, Seismic Waves
Vibrations generated by the slippage along a fault
Strike slip behavior
start stop movement along a fault caused by the interplay between stress and
friction
Main shock
the main or largest earthquake of a sequence. can be preceded by foreshocks
and is always followed by aftershocks
Foreshocks
a smaller earthquake that precedes a major one
Aftershock
An earthquake that occurs after a larger earthquake in the same area
Body waves
A seismic wave that travels through Earth's interior.
Surface waves
