Nutrition and Diet Therapy Exam 2

hunger - the first internal cue that influences eating behavior; appetite can trigger your desire for a specific type of food thermic affect of food - the energy used to digest absorb and metabolize energy how to determine the estimated energy expenditure (EER) - you have to look at age, height, weight, and physical activity level risk factors for obesity - chronic diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, cancer, etc. positive energy balance - when people eat more than what they need; taking in more calories than what's truly needed fat soluble vitamins - A D E K primary role of vitamin A - in vision and the development of body cells vitamin D deficiency can lead to - rickets and covid primary role of vitamin K - responsible for blood clotting inadequate levels of vitamin C is associated with - scurvy edema - too much water in spaces surrounding cells functions of water - carry and transport nutrients to cells and tissues, and serve as a shock absorber and cleaning agent lowering sodium - how to reduce systolic blood pressure bones and teeth - where is 99% if calcium found in the body? iron - what mineral is known for transporting oxygen in the blood? calcium - What mineral is responsible for muscle contractions? 7 - how many calories are in a gram of alcohol? the liver - where is the majority of alcohol metabolized in the body? by repeated episodes of chronic eating; along with the feeling of loss of control - how is a binge eating disorder marked? Adenosine Triphosphate-creatine phosphate (ATP-CP) - what energy system can power in all effort from 3 to 15 seconds? the oxygen energy system - what energy system is the only aerobic energy system in the body? fat and glucose - from what can the oxygen energy system extract energy from? you are rapidly depleting your creatine phosphate and glycogen reserves and exercising anaerobically - when your exercise rate exceeds your body's ability to supply oxygen to your muscles, what happens? slow twitch muscle fibers - what can maintain low intensity, muscular activities for prolonged periods of time, and usually means that when athletes have this they typically make better marathoners carbohydrates - what should a pre workout meal consist of? proteins combined with carbohydrates - what should a post workout meal consist of? it increases the glycogen synthesis more than just eating a carbohydrate alone - what does combing protein with carbohydrates after a workout do? 98%; oxygen energy system - during a marathon approximately how many muscle needs are met and what energy system meets those needs? 1 - how many aerobic energy systems do we have in our body? 2 - how many anaerobic energy systems do we have in our body? eating disorders, amenorrhea, and premature osteoporosis - what is the female athletic triad composed of?